The Impacts Of Climate Change On Ontario S Forests
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The Impacts Of Climate Change On Ontario S Forests
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Author : Stephen J. Colombo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
The Impacts Of Climate Change On Ontario S Forests written by Stephen J. Colombo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Climatic changes categories.
Reviews literature concerning the effects of global climate change on forest plants and communities, and provides opinions on the potential impacts that climate change may have on Ontario forests. Sections of the review discuss the following: the climate of Ontario in the 21st century as predicted by climate models; forest hydrology in relation to climate change; insects and climate change; impacts on fungi in the forest ecosystem; impacts on forest fires and their management; plant physiological responses; genetic implications of climate change; forest vegetation dynamics; the use of models in global climate change studies; and forest management responses to climate change.
Ontario S Forests And Forestry In A Changing Climate
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Author : Stephen John Colombo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Ontario S Forests And Forestry In A Changing Climate written by Stephen John Colombo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Science categories.
This report updates a review of literature about the effects of global climate change on forest plants and communities published in 1998. The focus is on changes in Ontario predicted for forest fires, insect outbreaks, disease, forest growth, species composition, harvest rates, wood supply, genetics and regeneration, and carbon-based forest management.--Includes text from document.
Climate Change And The Future Fire Environment In Ontario
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Author : Mike Wotton
language : en
Publisher: Sault Ste Marie : Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Applied Research and Development
Release Date : 2005
Climate Change And The Future Fire Environment In Ontario written by Mike Wotton and has been published by Sault Ste Marie : Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Applied Research and Development this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Climatic changes categories.
The increased fi re load is expected to increase the cost of fi re management in the province 16% by the year 2040 and 54% by the year 2090 over year 2000 costs, exclusive of infl ation or other factors. [...] In addition to increases in seasonal fi re severity indices, a number of these studies also predict increases in the frequency of occurrence of extreme fi re danger in some areas of the country (e.g., Stocks et al. [...] This study uses lightning- and people-caused fi re occurrence models developed specifi cally for Ontario with GCM projections of future climate and Ontario's level of protection analysis software, LEOPARDS (see McAlpine and Hirsch 1999) to estimate the impacts of climate change on the fi re management organization both in terms of numbers of escaped fi res and with respect to changes in operationa [...] The sites of the GCM grid cell centres and OMNR weather stations used are shown in Figure 1. Fire Weather and Fire Danger To create the fi re climate of a future decade, the monthly anomalies were applied to the daily data from the OMNR fi re weather station archive from the years 1992-2001 (corresponding to the period over which lightning records were available). [...] The Fire Behaviour Prediction (FBP) System (Forestry Canada Fire Danger Group 1992) was used in conjunction with the Initial Spread Index (ISI), the Build-up Index (BUI) (calculated on the detection date of the fi re using the FWI System), and the fuel type associated with the fi re to estimate an initial rate of spread for each fi re.
Future Climate Change Impacts On The Boreal Forest In Northwestern Ontario Implications For The Forestry Sector And The Local Community Electronic Resource
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Author : Rafael Arturo Munoz-Marquez Trujillo
language : en
Publisher: Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada
Release Date : 2005
Future Climate Change Impacts On The Boreal Forest In Northwestern Ontario Implications For The Forestry Sector And The Local Community Electronic Resource written by Rafael Arturo Munoz-Marquez Trujillo and has been published by Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Climatic changes categories.
A large body of research has documented evidence of climate change impact already occurring on different systems on earth, future impacts can be expected. Accordingly, research is urgently needed to analyze the potential impacts of climate change on forest ecosystems in order to contribute to better landscape planning and management. This thesis investigates how climate change affects landscape change, and how to use this understanding in the analysis of land-use and landscape planning and management to adapt to climate change impacts. In particular, this study examines how climate change may impact a managed forest in terms of timber availability, and the regional community that relies on it for its survival. I hypothesized that the Boreal forest in north western Ontario will change in the short term (i.e. 60 years) in species composition and will produce less available timber as a result of human-induced climate change as modeled by different General Circulation Models plus harvesting, compared to a baseline climate. The study objectives were (a) to evaluate the degree of change in land cover (species composition) under forest harvesting and various climate change scenarios; (b) to analyze timber availability under different climate change scenarios, and harvesting; (c) to describe possible scenarios of land cover change as a result of climate change impact and harvesting to assist in policy-making related to land-use and landscape planning; and (d) to identify possible sources of both land-use conflicts and synergies as a result of changes in landscape composition caused by climate change. The study area was the Dog-River Matawin forest in north western Ontario (̃8 x 104 ha). It is currently under harvesting. I used the Boreal Forest Landscape Dynamic Simulator (BFOLDS) fire model to simulate landscape change under different climate change scenarios (CCSRNIES A21, CGCM2 A22), which were then compared to simulations under a baseline climate scenario (1961-1990). I also developed an algorithm for the geographic information systems Arc View©, that selected useful stands, and simulated harvesting and regeneration rules after logging, processes not currently included in BFOLDS. The studied period covered 60 years to analyze impacts in the medium term in the landscape change. Results obtained were the following. (1) There will be a shortage in timber availability under all scenarios including the baseline. The impacts of climate change will cause a deficit in timber availability much earlier under a warmer scenario with respect to the baseline. The combined impact of climate change and harvesting could diminish timber availability up to 35% compared to the baseline by year 2040 under the CCSRNIES A21 scenario mainly due to an increase in fires. Deficits will occur 10 years before in the same scenario compared to the baseline (by year 2035). (2) In both scenarios and the baseline, there will be a younger forest. In 60 years, there will not be mature forest to support ecological, social and economic processes, as the forest will only have young stands. (3) Results obtained indicated that species composition will not change importantly among the scenarios of climate change and the baseline every decade, but there will be a change in dominance along the 60 years of the simulation under each scenario including the baseline. Softwood increased in dominance and hardwood decreased in all scenarios. The period length used in the simulation of 60 years appeared to be too short to reveal conspicuous changes in species composition. Increases observed in softwood over hardwood related to the increase in fires which promoted the establishment of species such as jack pine as well as the application of regeneration rules after logging. This finding did not agree with the hypothesis. Results of timber availability were consistent with what I expected. Warmest climate change scenarios (CCSRNIES A21) impacted both the amount of timber available (less availability every ten years) from the beginning of the simulation and the time when deficits occurred. There are important economic, social and environmental implications of the results of this study, namely a future forest that would be young and would supply much less timber. For the forestry industry, production goals would be hindered in the medium term, falling short of industry demands. For a society that depends heavily upon the forest to survive, declining production can imply unemployment, thus affecting the welfare of the community. For the environment, such a young, fragmented forest could be unable to sustain important key species and ecological processes, leading to a loss of biodiversity, Land-use and landscape planning should be used to regulate how the land is used to minimize climate change impact. They should be further used as adaptation tools, to help in ameliorate those climate change impacts that do occur.
The Importance Of Forest Sector Adaptation To Climate Change
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Author : T. C. Lemprière
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
The Importance Of Forest Sector Adaptation To Climate Change written by T. C. Lemprière and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Climatic changes categories.
This report summarizes current knowledge about recent changes in the climate of Canadas forests and projects further changes over this century based on scenarios of future global greenhouse gas emissions developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Even with sustained reductions in global emissions the future climate is predicted to be quite different, meaning that adaptation will be essential. Impacts on the forest are already occurring and will be substantial in the future. The current upward trend in area burned annually is expected to continue. Forests will be prone to widespread stress induced by the changing climate, increasing the likelihood of pest outbreaks in the short to medium term. Recent outbreaks of several pests have exceeded in scope all previous known epidemics of these pests and are associated with the crossing of a climatic threshold. Invasion of the boreal forest by the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae (Hopkins), appears likely, although the effect of this range expansion would likely be less severe than that observed recently in British Columbia, and outbreaks of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens), are predicted to be longer and more severe in the future. Future forest growth in response to climate change is expected to be variable, with growth reduction because of drought in parts of Canadas western forests perhaps the most dramatic short- to medium-term outcome, though modestly increased growth in the east is predicted. Such impacts have implications for the cost and characteristics of timber supply, and climate change will also affect forestry operations, recreation opportunities, biodiversity, and carbon storage. Planning based on past approaches will need to be reconsidered. Current objectives for sustainable forest management may not be attainable in the future, although there may be some new opportunities. Climate change may produce public safety risks, significant economic and social dislocation in forest-dependent communities including Aboriginal communities, and impacts on the competitiveness of companies as well as on the actions and policies of all levels of government. These effects can be reduced through early identification and implementation of actions to reduce vulnerabilities or take advantage of new opportunities. The key needs associated with adaptation in the forest sector include awareness building and debate, improved knowledge and information, vulnerability assessments, planning frameworks and tools, and enhanced coordination and cooperation among governments and other forest sector participants. Meeting the challenge of adaptation will require sustained effort for many years.
Climate Change And Canada S Forests
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Author : T. B. Williamson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Climate Change And Canada S Forests written by T. B. Williamson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Arbres, Effets du réchauffement de la terre sur les categories.
Forest managers can expect the unexpected and they can expect that change will be ongoing and unrelenting. Some general recommendations for beginning to address climate change in Canada's forest sector include enhancing the capacity to undertake integrated assessment of vulnerabilities to climate change at various scales; increasing resources to monitor the impacts of climate change; increasing resources for impacts and adaptation science; reviewing forest policies, forest planning, forest management approaches, and institutions to assess our ability to achieve social objectives under climate change; embedding principles of risk management and adaptive management into forest management; and maintaining or improving the capacity for communicating, networking, and information sharing with the Canadian public and within the forest sector."--Pub. website.
Sustainable Forest Management And Global Climate Change
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Author : M. H. I. Dore
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2000-12-20
Sustainable Forest Management And Global Climate Change written by M. H. I. Dore and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-12-20 with Business & Economics categories.
'Ironically, the threat of global warming damage provides us with one of the most powerful arguments for avoiding the worst excesses of another global problem - deforestation. Dore and Guevara have assembled a very impressive set of essays that show just how important our forests are as carbon stores and sinks. Let us hope someone is listening.' - David Pearce, University College London, UK 'Global carbon emissions from the burning of fossil fuels seem destined to rise with adverse consequences for global warming and for sea-level rise. This book explores how and to what extent conservation and re-growth of tropical forests can ameliorate this problem, as well as placing economic values on such strategies. Individual contributions draw on the Americas experience to examine biophysical aspects of forestry relevant to sustainability, evaluate the economics of forest retention giving particular attention to non-market values, and assess forest policies in terms of their impacts on environmental conservation. . . . a readable holistic book accessible to a wide audience of economists, non-economists and policymakers, highlighting a major problem which refuses to go away.' - Clem Tisdell, University of Queensland, Australia The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change recognises that, in the formulation of a global strategy for reducing global emissions of carbon (the main factor in global warming) forests could play an important role. This book highlights that role and demonstrates how the forests of the world may be harvested judiciously and sustainably. The authors argue that the forests are more than just a source of timber and wood; they discuss the role that forests play in reducing global warming, in preventing soil erosion and in helping to minimise the loss of biodiversity. Drawing on the expertise of contributors associated with the analysis of forests, this book is an in depth and fascinating discussion as well as a policy guide for the sustainable management of forests.
Assessing Assisted Migration As A Climate Change Adaptation Strategy For Ontario S Forests
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Author : Ngaire Eskelin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Assessing Assisted Migration As A Climate Change Adaptation Strategy For Ontario S Forests written by Ngaire Eskelin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Assisted migration (Plant colonization) categories.
Assisted migration of tree species populations, or seed sources, is one of few adaptive strategies available to mitigate the projected effects of climate change on the structure, productivity, and distribution of forest ecosystems. In this report, the authors present the goals and objectives of a study intiated in 2008 to assess the potential of assisted migration as an adaptation strategy to manage for climate change in Ontario. In support of this study, they conducted a literature search on assisted migration and genetic variation in climatic response of forest tree species, through which were identified several hundred related scientific and technical publications. Citations and keywords for publications of greatest significance to using assisted migration as a climate change adaptation strategy are presented in the accompanying bibliography.--Document.
Climate Change And Forests
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Canadian Forest Service, Science Branch
Release Date : 1999
Climate Change And Forests written by and has been published by Canadian Forest Service, Science Branch this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Climate changes categories.
This paper is the second in a series of context papers intended as guides to the current and future directions of the Canadian Forest Service science program. It defines climate change in the context of forests and describes why the Service, in co-operation with its wide range of partners, addresses climate change issues through research, monitoring, and assessment activities in its science and technology research networks.
Changing Climate Changing Forests
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Author : United States Department of Agriculture
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2015-01-02
Changing Climate Changing Forests written by United States Department of Agriculture and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-02 with categories.
Decades of study on climatic change and its direct and indirect effects on forest ecosystems provide important insights for forest science, management, and policy. A synthesis of recent research from the northeastern United States and eastern Canada shows that the climate of the region has become warmer and wetter over the past 100 years and that there are more extreme precipitation events. Greater change is projected in the future. The amount of projected future change depends on the emissions scenarios used. Tree species composition of northeast forests has shifted slowly in response to climate for thousands of years. However, current human-accelerated climate change is much more rapid and it is unclear how forests will respond to large changes in suitable habitat. Projections indicate signifi cant declines in suitable habitat for spruce-fi r forests and expansion of suitable habitat for oak-dominated forests.