The Influence Of Demographic Stochasticity On Population Dynamics
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Stochastic Population Dynamics In Ecology And Conservation
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Author : Russell Lande
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Stochastic Population Dynamics In Ecology And Conservation written by Russell Lande and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Mathematics categories.
All populations fluctuate stochastically, creating a risk of extinction that does not exist in deterministic models, with fundamental consequences for both pure and applied ecology. This book provides the most comprehensive introduction to stochastic population dynamics, combining classical background material with a variety of modern approaches, including new and previously unpublished results by the authors, illustrated with examples from bird and mammal populations, and insect communities.Demographic and environmental stochasticity are introduced with statistical methods for estimating them from field data. The long-run growth rate of a population is explained and extended to include age structure with both deomgraphic and environmental stochasticity. Diffusion approximations facilitate the analysis of extinction dynamics and the duration of the final decline. Methods are developed for estimating delayed density dependence from population time series using life history data. Metapopulation viability and the spatial scale of population fluctuations and extinction risk are analyzed. Stochastic dynamics and statistical uncertainty in population parameters are incorporated in Population Viability Analysis and strategies for sustainable harvesting.Statistics of species diversity measures and species abundance distributions are described, with implications for rapid assessments of biodiversity, and methods are developed for partitioning species diversity into additive components. Analysis of the stochastic dynamics of a tropical butterfly community in space and time indicates that most of the variance in the species abundance distribution is due to ecological heterogeneity among species, so that real communities are far from neutral.
Dynamics Of Large Herbivore Populations In Changing Environments
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Author : Norman Owen-Smith
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2009-12-18
Dynamics Of Large Herbivore Populations In Changing Environments written by Norman Owen-Smith and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12-18 with Science categories.
This book aims to reconcile theoretical models of population dynamics with what is currently known about the population dynamics of large mammalian herbivores. It arose from a working group established at the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis at the University of California, Santa Barbara, to address the need for models that better accommodate environmental variability, especially for herbivores dependent on changing vegetation resources. The initial chapter reviews findings from definitive long-term studies of certain other ungulate populations, many based on individually identifiable animals. Other chapters cover climatic influences, emphasising temperate versus tropical contrasts, and demographic processes underlying population dynamics, more generally. There are new assessments of irruptive population dynamics, and of the consequences of landscape heterogeneity for herbivore populations. An initial review of candidate population models is followed up by a final chapter outlining how these models might be modified to better accommodate environmental variability. The contents provide a foundation for resolving problems of diminishing large mammal populations in Africa, over-abundant ungulate populations elsewhere, and general consequences of global change for biodiversity conservation. This book will serve as a definitive outline of what is currently known about the population dynamics of large herbivores.
Cancer Through The Lens Of Evolution And Ecology
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Author : Jason A. Somarelli
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2024-05-29
Cancer Through The Lens Of Evolution And Ecology written by Jason A. Somarelli and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-05-29 with Medical categories.
Cancer cells exist in an ever-changing “ecology” and are subject to evolutionary pressures just like any species in nature. This edited book explores the following themes: 1) how the dynamics of mutation, epigenetics, and gene expression noise are sources of genetic diversity; 2) how scarce resources influence cancer therapy resistance; 3) how predator-prey dynamics are mirrored in immune-cancer cross-talk; 4) how cancer cells parallel niche construction theory; 5) how changing fitness landscapes enable cancer growth; and 6) how cancer cells interact within the body. The book is a resource for understanding cancer as a disease of multicellularity grounded in evolutionary principles. By using this knowledge, researchers are starting to exploit these behaviors for treatment paradigms. Key Features Bridges disciplines exemplifying the ways disparate fields create new perspectives when integrated. Offers insights from leading scholars in cancer biology, ecology and evolutionary biology. Provides a timely recognition by oncologists that evolutionary paradigms are crucial for breakthroughs in cancer treatment. Integrates basic and applied sciences of oncology and evolutionary biology.
Avian Invasions
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Author : Tim M. Blackburn
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2009-06-25
Avian Invasions written by Tim M. Blackburn and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-25 with Nature categories.
This text summarizes and synthesizes the literature on introduced bird ecology and evolution. It unravels the insights that the study of exotic birds brings to these research strands.
The Influence Of Demographic Stochasticity On Population Dynamics
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Author : Tommaso Biancalani
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-06-04
The Influence Of Demographic Stochasticity On Population Dynamics written by Tommaso Biancalani and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-04 with Science categories.
The dynamics of population systems cannot be understood within the framework of ordinary differential equations, which assume that the number of interacting agents is infinite. With recent advances in ecology, biochemistry and genetics it is becoming increasingly clear that real systems are in fact subject to a great deal of noise. Relevant examples include social insects competing for resources, molecules undergoing chemical reactions in a cell and a pool of genomes subject to evolution. When the population size is small, novel macroscopic phenomena can arise, which can be analyzed using the theory of stochastic processes. This thesis is centered on two unsolved problems in population dynamics: the symmetry breaking observed in foraging populations and the robustness of spatial patterns. We argue that these problems can be resolved with the help of two novel concepts: noise-induced bistable states and stochastic patterns.
Population Dynamics And The Tribolium Model Genetics And Demography
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Author : Robert F. Costantino
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Population Dynamics And The Tribolium Model Genetics And Demography written by Robert F. Costantino and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The study of populations is becoming increasingly focused on dynamics. We believe there are two reasons for this trend. The ftrst is the impactof nonlinear dynamics with its exciting ideas and colorful language: bifurcations, domains of attraction, chaos, fractals, strange attractors. Complexity, which is so very much a part of biology, now seems to be also a part of mathematics. A second trend is the accessibility of the new concepts. Thebarriers tocommunicationbetween theoristandexperimentalistseemless impenetrable. The active participationofthe experimentalist means that the theory will obtain substance. Our role is the application of the theory of dynamics to the analysis ofbiological populations. We began our work early in 1979 by writing an ordinary differential equation for the rateofchange in adult numbers which was based on an equilibrium model proposed adecadeearlier. Duringthenextfewmonths weftlledournotebookswithstraightforward deductions from the model and its associated biological implications. Slowly, some of the biological observations were explained and papers followed on a variety of topics: genetic and demographic stability, stationary probability distributions for population size,population growth asabirth-deathprocess, natural selectionanddensity-dependent population growth, genetic disequilibrium, and the stationary stochastic dynamics of adult numbers.
Wildlife Management And Conservation
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Author : Paul R. Krausman
language : en
Publisher: JHU Press
Release Date : 2022-09-20
Wildlife Management And Conservation written by Paul R. Krausman and has been published by JHU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-20 with Nature categories.
Published in Association with The Wildlife Society.
Population Dynamics And Laboratory Ecology
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Author : Robert Desharnais
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2005-08-04
Population Dynamics And Laboratory Ecology written by Robert Desharnais and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-08-04 with Science categories.
Population Dynamics and Laboratory Ecology highlights the contributions laboratory studies are making to our understanding of the dynamics of ecological and evolutionary systems. Chapters address the scientific rationale for laboratory ecology, its historical role within the broader discipline, and recent advances in research. The book presents results from a wide range of laboratory systems including insects, mites, plankton, protists, and microbes. A common theme throughout the book is the value of microcosm studies in advancing our knowledge of ecological and evolutionary principles. Each chapter is authored by scientists who are leading experts in their fields. The book addresses fundamental questions that are of interest to biologists whether they work in the laboratory or field or whether they are primarily empiricists or theorists. Details a scientific rationale for laboratory systems in ecological and evolutionary studies Offers a view on historical role of laboratory studies Includes examples of recent research advances in ecology and evolution using laboratory systems, ranging from insects to microbes Integrates mathematics, statistics and experimental studies
Effects Of Climate Change On Birds
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Author : Anders Pape Møller
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2010-08-12
Effects Of Climate Change On Birds written by Anders Pape Møller and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-08-12 with Nature categories.
"Effects of Climate Change on Birds provides an exhaustive and up-to-date synthesis of the science of climate change as it relates to birds." -- Back cover.
Quantitative Ecology And Evolutionary Biology
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Author : Otso Ovaskainen
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016
Quantitative Ecology And Evolutionary Biology written by Otso Ovaskainen and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Mathematics categories.
This is an integration of empirical data and theory in quantitative ecology and evolution through the use of mathematical models and statistical methods.