The Interpretation Of Ecological Data
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The Interpretation Of Ecological Data
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Author : E. C. Pielou
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 1984-09-06
The Interpretation Of Ecological Data written by E. C. Pielou and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984-09-06 with Science categories.
A detailed introduction to the methods used by ecologists--classification and ordination--to clarify and interpret large, unwieldy masses of multivariate field data. Permits ecologists to understand, not just mechanically use, pre-packaged programs for multivariate analysis. Demonstrates these techniques using artificial data simple enough for every analytical step to be understood.
Analyzing Ecological Data
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Author : Alain Zuur
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2007-08-29
Analyzing Ecological Data written by Alain Zuur and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-08-29 with Science categories.
'Which test should I apply?' During the many years of working with ecologists, biologists and other environmental scientists, this is probably the question that the authors of this book hear the most often. The answer is always the same and along the lines of 'What are your underlying questions?', 'What do you want to show?'. The answers to these questions provide the starting point for a detailed discussion on the ecological background and purpose of the study. This then gives the basis for deciding on the most appropriate analytical approach. Therefore, a better start ing point for an ecologist is to avoid the phrase 'test' and think in terms of 'analy sis'. A test refers to something simple and unified that gives a clear answer in the form of a p-value: something rarely appropriate for ecological data. In practice, one has to apply a data exploration, check assumptions, validate the models, per haps apply a series of methods, and most importantly, interpret the results in terms of the underlying ecology and the ecological questions being investigated. Ecology is a quantitative science trying to answer difficult questions about the complex world we live in. Most ecologists are aware of these complexities, but few are fully equipped with the statistical sophistication and understanding to deal with them.
Multivariate Analysis Of Ecological Data Using Canoco
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Author : Jan Lepš
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003-05-29
Multivariate Analysis Of Ecological Data Using Canoco written by Jan Lepš and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-05-29 with Computers categories.
This book is primarily written for ecologists needing to analyse data resulting from field observations and experiments. It will be particularly useful for students and researchers dealing with complex ecological problems, such as the variation of biotic communities with environmental conditions or the response of biotic communities to experimental manipulation. Following a simple introduction to ordination methods, the text focuses on constrained ordination methods (RDA, CCA) and the use of permutation tests on statistical hypotheses of multivariate data. An overview of classification methods, or modern regression methods (GLM, GAM, loess), is provided and guidance on the correct interpretation of ordination diagrams is given. Seven case studies of varying difficulty help to illustrate the suggested analytical methods, using the Canoco for Windows software. The case studies utilise both the descriptive and manipulative approaches, and they are supported by data sets and project files available from the book website.
Rationale For Sampling And Interpretation Of Ecological Data In The Assessment Of Freshwater Ecosystems
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Author : Billy G. Isom
language : en
Publisher: ASTM International
Release Date : 1986
Rationale For Sampling And Interpretation Of Ecological Data In The Assessment Of Freshwater Ecosystems written by Billy G. Isom and has been published by ASTM International this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Science categories.
Data Analysis In Community And Landscape Ecology
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Author : R. H. Jongman
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1995-03-02
Data Analysis In Community And Landscape Ecology written by R. H. Jongman and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-03-02 with Mathematics categories.
Ecological data has several special properties: the presence or absence of species on a semi-quantitative abundance scale; non-linear relationships between species and environmental factors; and high inter-correlations among species and among environmental variables. The analysis of such data is important to the interpretation of relationships within plant and animal communities and with their environments. In this corrected version of Data Analysis in Community and Landscape Ecology, without using complex mathematics, the contributors demonstrate the methods that have proven most useful, with examples, exercises and case-studies. Chapters explain in an elementary way powerful data analysis techniques such as logic regression, canonical correspondence analysis, and kriging.
Numerical Ecology
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Author : P. Legendre
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 1998-11-25
Numerical Ecology written by P. Legendre and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-11-25 with Science categories.
The book describes and discusses the numerical methods which are successfully being used for analysing ecological data, using a clear and comprehensive approach. These methods are derived from the fields of mathematical physics, parametric and nonparametric statistics, information theory, numerical taxonomy, archaeology, psychometry, sociometry, econometry and others. Compared to the first edition of Numerical Ecology, this second edition includes three new chapters, dealing with the analysis of semiquantitative data, canonical analysis and spatial analysis. New sections have been added to almost all other chapters. There are sections listing available computer programs and packages at the end of several chapters. As in the previous English and French editions, there are numerous examples from the ecological literature, and the choice of methods is facilitated by several synoptic tables.
Experimental Design And Data Analysis For Biologists
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Author : Gerald Peter Quinn
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2002-03-21
Experimental Design And Data Analysis For Biologists written by Gerald Peter Quinn and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-03-21 with Mathematics categories.
An essential textbook for any student or researcher in biology needing to design experiments, sample programs or analyse the resulting data. The text begins with a revision of estimation and hypothesis testing methods, covering both classical and Bayesian philosophies, before advancing to the analysis of linear and generalized linear models. Topics covered include linear and logistic regression, simple and complex ANOVA models (for factorial, nested, block, split-plot and repeated measures and covariance designs), and log-linear models. Multivariate techniques, including classification and ordination, are then introduced. Special emphasis is placed on checking assumptions, exploratory data analysis and presentation of results. The main analyses are illustrated with many examples from published papers and there is an extensive reference list to both the statistical and biological literature. The book is supported by a website that provides all data sets, questions for each chapter and links to software.
Ecological Statistics
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Author : Gordon A. Fox
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2015
Ecological Statistics written by Gordon A. Fox and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Computers categories.
The application and interpretation of statistics are central to ecological study and practice. Ecologists are now asking more sophisticated questions than in the past. These new questions, together with the continued growth of computing power and the availability of new software, have created a new generation of statistical techniques. These have resulted in major recent developments in both our understanding and practice of ecological statistics. This novel book synthesizes a number of these changes, addressing key approaches and issues that tend to be overlooked in other books such as missing/censored data, correlation structure of data, heterogeneous data, and complex causal relationships. These issues characterize a large proportion of ecological data, but most ecologists' training in traditional statistics simply does not provide them with adequate preparation to handle the associated challenges. Uniquely, Ecological Statistics highlights the underlying links among many statistical approaches that attempt to tackle these issues. In particular, it gives readers an introduction to approaches to inference, likelihoods, generalized linear (mixed) models, spatially or phylogenetically-structured data, and data synthesis, with a strong emphasis on conceptual understanding and subsequent application to data analysis. Written by a team of practicing ecologists, mathematical explanations have been kept to the minimum necessary. This user-friendly textbook will be suitable for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners in the fields of ecology, evolution, environmental studies, and computational biology who are interested in updating their statistical tool kits. A companion web site provides example data sets and commented code in the R language.
Ecological Informatics
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Author : Friedrich Recknagel
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2002-12-11
Ecological Informatics written by Friedrich Recknagel and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-12-11 with Science categories.
Ecological Informatics is defined as the design and application of computational techniques for ecological analysis, synthesis, forecasting and management. The book provides an introduction to the scope, concepts and techniques of this newly emerging discipline. It illustrates numerous applications of Ecological Informatics for stream systems, river systems, freshwater lakes and marine systems as well as image recognition at micro and macro scale. Case studies focus on applications of artificial neural networks, genetic algorithms, fuzzy logic and adaptive agents to current ecological management issues such as toxic algal blooms, eutrophication, habitat degradation, conservation of biodiversity and sustainable fishery.
Collection Analysis And Interpretation Of Ecological Data
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1977
Collection Analysis And Interpretation Of Ecological Data written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Biometry categories.