The Interpretation Of Topographic Maps Classic Reprint
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The Interpretation Of Topographic Maps Classic Reprint
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Author : Rollin D. Salisbury
language : en
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Release Date : 2017-11-02
The Interpretation Of Topographic Maps Classic Reprint written by Rollin D. Salisbury and has been published by Forgotten Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-02 with Science categories.
Excerpt from The Interpretation of Topographic Maps The features shown on topographic maps may, for convenience, be classed in three groups (1) Water, including seas, lakes, ponds, rivers and other streams, canals, swamps, etc.; (2) relief, including mountains, hills, valleys, cliffs, etc.; (3) culture, i. E., works of man, such as towns, cities, roads, railroads, boundaries, etc. The conventional signs used for these features are grouped on P1. II. Variations appear in some maps of early dates. All water features are shown in blue, the smaller streams and canals in full blue lines, and the larger streams, lakes, and the sea by blue water lining. Certain streams, however, which flow during only a part of the year, their beds being dry at other times, are shown, not by full lines, but by lines of dots and dashes. Ponds which are dry during a part of the year are shown by oblique parallel lines. Salt-water marshes are shown by horizontal ruling interspersed with tufts of blue, and fresh-water marshes and swamps by blue tufts with broken horizontal lines. Relief is shown by contour lines in brown. Each contour passes through points which have the same altitude. One who follows a contour on the ground will go neither uphill nor downhill, but on a level. By the use of contours not only are the shapes of the plains, hills, and mountains shown, but also their elevations. The line of the seacoast itself is a contour line, the datum or zero of elevation being mean sea level. The contour line at, say, 20 feet above sea level is the line that would be the seacoast if the sea were to rise or the land to sink 20 feet. Such a line runs back up the valleys and forward around the points of hills and spurs. On a gentle slope this contour line is far from the present coast line; on a steep slope it is near the coast. Thus a succession of these contour lines far apart on the map indicates a gentle slope; if close together, a steep slope; and if the contours run together in one line, as if each were vertically under the one above it, they indicate a cliff. In many parts of the country are depressions or hollows with no outlets. The contours, of course, surround these, just as they surround hills. The small hollows known as sinks are usually indicated by hachures, or short dashes, on the inside of the curve. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Classics In Cartography
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Author : Martin Dodge
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-06-15
Classics In Cartography written by Martin Dodge and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Classics in Cartography provides an intellectually-driven reinterpretation of a selection of ten touchstone articles in the development of mapping scholarship over the last four decades. The ‘classics’ are drawn exclusively from the international peer-review journal Cartographica and are reprinted in full here. They are accompanied by newly commissioned reflective essays by the original article authors, and other eminent scholars, to provide fresh interpretation of the meaning of the ideas presented and their wider, lasting impact on cartographic research. The book provides an equal balance of influential articles from the past and current commentaries which highlight their impact and current context. Read in combination the original ‘classic’ articles and these new reflective essays demonstrate how cartography works as a powerful representational form and explores how various different aspects of mapping practice have been conceptualized by an influential set of academic researchers. Collates ‘classic’ articles from four decades of the journal Cartographica Brings key articles up-to-date with contemporary interpretative essays by the leading scholars in mapping research Themes covered are the epistemological of mapping practice, the ontological underpinnings of cartographic representation, and the contested societal implications of maps Evaluates the progression of the field of cartographic research and demonstrates how new theoretical ideas originate, develop and circulate Provides a signpost for students and new researchers on the key articles in cartography to read and reflect upon
Geological And Topographical Maps Their Interpretation And Use
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Author : Arthur R. Dwerryhouse
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015-07-02
Geological And Topographical Maps Their Interpretation And Use written by Arthur R. Dwerryhouse and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-02 with Science categories.
Excerpt from Geological and Topographical Maps Their Interpretation and Use: A Handbook for the Geologist, and Civil Engineer Having frequently been asked by my students and others for a text-book dealing with the practical problems which are involved in the interpretation of maps, both geological and topographical, I have endeavoured in the following pages to give such descriptions and instructions as will enable the civil engineer and the student of geology to draw sections of the country depicted upon maps, and to ascertain the depth and thickness of the various strata of which it is built up, and their relations to the surface of the ground and to each other. The importance of a correct solution of this type of problem to the civil engineer, and to all others engaged in work which involves the making of excavations, need not be enlarged upon, and it is hoped that the present volume will be a help to them and to teachers and students of geology and geography. It has been thought desirable to include a brief summary of the main structural features of rocks for the benefit of those readers who have been unable to obtain a systematic course of instruction in geology; but it is not intended that this should replace the fuller accounts to be found in the text-books of Physical Geology. The examples given in the illustrations have been, as far as possible, based upon actual districts in the British Isles, but occasionally it has been necessary to simplify these to some extent for the sake of clearness. In conclusion, I cannot too warmly express my thanks to Professor P. F. Kendall, under whose guidance I acquired my first knowledge of structural geology, and to whom therefore many of the ideas expressed in the present volume are due. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Books In Print
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1977
Books In Print written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with American literature categories.
The Geology Of Egypt
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Author : R. Said
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-10-19
The Geology Of Egypt written by R. Said and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-19 with Science categories.
Scholars from Egypt, Germany and the US review and analyze the results of work carried out on the geology of Egypt: geomorphology and evolution of landscape, tectonics, geophysical regime, volcanicity, Precambrian geology, geologic history and paleogeography, paleontology of selected taxa, ore depos
The Sage Handbook Of Geomorphology
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Author : Kenneth J Gregory
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2011-06-13
The Sage Handbook Of Geomorphology written by Kenneth J Gregory and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-13 with Science categories.
Geomorphology is the study of the Earth′s diverse physical land-surface features and the dynamic processes that shape these features. Examining natural and anthropogenic processes, The SAGE Handbook of Geomorphology is a comprehensive exposition of the fundamentals of geomorphology that examines form, process, and applications of the discipline. Organized into five substantive sections, the Handbook is an overview of: • Foundations and Relevance: including the nature and scope of geomorphology; the origins and development of geomorphology; the role and character of theory in geomorphology; geomorphology and environmental management; and geomorphology and society • Techniques and Approaches: including observations and experiments; geomorphological mapping; the significance of models; process and form; dating surfaces and sediment; remote sensing in geomorphology; GIS in geomorphology; biogeomorphology; human activity • Process and Environment: including the evolution of regolith; weathering; fluids, flows and fluxes; sediment transport and deposition; hill slopes; riverine environments; glacial geomorphology; periglacial environments; coastal environments; aeolian environments; tropical environments; karst and karst processes • Environmental Change: including landscape evolution and tectonics; interpreting quaternary environments; environmental change; disturbance and responses to geomorphic systems • Conclusion: including challenges and perspectives; and a concluding review The Handbook has contributions from 48 international authors and was initially organized by the International Association of Geomorphologists. This will be a much-used and much-cited reference for researchers in Geomorphology, Physical Geography and the Environmental Sciences.
American Book Publishing Record Cumulative 1876 1949
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Author : R.R. Bowker Company. Department of Bibliography
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
American Book Publishing Record Cumulative 1876 1949 written by R.R. Bowker Company. Department of Bibliography and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with United States categories.
Geomorphological Mapping
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Author : Mike J. Smith
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2011-10-22
Geomorphological Mapping written by Mike J. Smith and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Geomorphological Mapping: a professional handbook of techniques and applications is a new book targeted at academics and practitioners who use, or wish to utilise, geomorphological mapping within their work. Synthesising for the first time an historical perspective to geomorphological mapping, field based and digital tools and techniques for mapping and an extensive array of case studies from academics and professionals active in the area. Those active in geomorphology, engineering geology, reinsurance, Environmental Impact Assessors, and allied areas, will find the text of immense value. - Growth of interest in geomorphological mapping and currently no texts comprehensively cover this topic - Extensive case studies that will appeal to professionals, academics and students (with extensive use of diagrams, potentially colour plates) - Brings together material on digital mapping (GIS and remote sensing), cartography and data sources with a focus on modern technologies (including GIS, remote sensing and digital terrain analysis) - Provides readers with summaries of current advances in methodological/technical aspects - Accompanied by electronic resources for digital mapping
Mountain Geomorphology
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Author : David R. Butler
language : en
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
Release Date : 2003
Mountain Geomorphology written by David R. Butler and has been published by Gulf Professional Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Science categories.
Mountain Geomorphology - Integrating Earth Systemspresents the papers of the 32nd Annual Binghamton Geomorphology Symposium, held in 2001 in advance of the United Nations-designated '2002 International Year of Mountains'.The three co-editors have collectively worked in mountain environments for over 70 years, and brought together internationally recognized experts in mountain geomorphology from 7 nations presenting research on mountain processes from around the world, including the USA, Canada, China, Europe, and South America.The volume utilizes Earth Systems as a unifying and organizing theme, examining the interactions of the four Earth "spheres" (Lithosphere, Biosphere, Atmosphere, and Hydrosphere) in the context of geomorphic processes in mountain environments. The volume is also a "Festschrift" in honor of Professor John D. "Jack" Vitek, long-time editor of Geomorphology and an outstanding mentor to each of the three co-editors. Papers presented in the volume represent cutting-edge examinations of mountain landforms, geomorphic processes in mountains, and the application of advanced remote sensing and Geographic Information Science technologies for the study of mountain geomorphology.The book should be of interest to all geomorphologists, and to physical geographers and geologists interested in mountain environments. Mountain Geomorphology - Integrating Earth Systemsis the only book of its kind, and stands as a testament to the importance of mountains as locations for studying the interaction of geomorphic processes within an Earth Systems perspective.
Corona
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Author : United States. Central Intelligence Agency
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Corona written by United States. Central Intelligence Agency and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Artificial satellites in telecommunication categories.