The Invention Of Race In The European Middle Ages
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The Invention Of Race In The European Middle Ages
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Author : Geraldine Heng
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018-03-08
The Invention Of Race In The European Middle Ages written by Geraldine Heng and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-08 with History categories.
This book challenges the common belief that race and racisms are phenomena that began only in the modern era.
The Invention Of Race In The European Middle Ages
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Author : Geraldine Heng
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2018-03-08
The Invention Of Race In The European Middle Ages written by Geraldine Heng and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-08 with Political Science categories.
In The Invention of Race in the European Middle Ages, Geraldine Heng questions the common assumption that the concepts of race and racisms only began in the modern era. Examining Europe's encounters with Jews, Muslims, Africans, Native Americans, Mongols, and the Romani ('Gypsies'), from the 12th through 15th centuries, she shows how racial thinking, racial law, racial practices, and racial phenomena existed in medieval Europe before a recognizable vocabulary of race emerged in the West. Analysing sources in a variety of media, including stories, maps, statuary, illustrations, architectural features, history, saints' lives, religious commentary, laws, political and social institutions, and literature, she argues that religion - so much in play again today - enabled the positing of fundamental differences among humans that created strategic essentialisms to mark off human groups and populations for racialized treatment. Her ground-breaking study also shows how race figured in the emergence of homo europaeus and the identity of Western Europe in this time.
Empire Of Magic
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Author : Geraldine Heng
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2003
Empire Of Magic written by Geraldine Heng and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Education categories.
Drawing upon feminist and gender theory, as well as cultural analyses of race, class and colonialism, this book revises our understanding of the literary genre of medieval romance. It argues that the romance genre arose in the 12th century as a cultural response to the trauma of war.
Black Metaphors
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Author : Cord J. Whitaker
language : en
Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press
Release Date : 2019-10-25
Black Metaphors written by Cord J. Whitaker and has been published by University of Pennsylvania Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-25 with Literary Criticism categories.
In the late Middle Ages, Christian conversion could wash a black person's skin white—or at least that is what happens when a black sultan converts to Christianity in the English romance King of Tars. In Black Metaphors, Cord J. Whitaker examines the rhetorical and theological moves through which blackness and whiteness became metaphors for sin and purity in the English and European Middle Ages—metaphors that guided the development of notions of race in the centuries that followed. From a modern perspective, moments like the sultan's transformation present blackness and whiteness as opposites in which each condition is forever marked as a negative or positive attribute; medieval readers were instead encouraged to remember that things that are ostensibly and strikingly different are not so separate after all, but mutually construct one another. Indeed, Whitaker observes, for medieval scholars and writers, blackness and whiteness, and the sin and salvation they represent, were held in tension, forming a unified whole. Whitaker asks not so much whether race mattered to the Middle Ages as how the Middle Ages matters to the study of race in our fraught times. Looking to the treatment of color and difference in works of rhetoric such as John of Garland's Synonyma, as well as in a range of vernacular theological and imaginative texts, including Robert Manning's Handlyng Synne, and such lesser known romances as The Turke and Sir Gawain, he illuminates the process by which one interpretation among many became established as the truth, and demonstrates how modern movements—from Black Lives Matter to the alt-right—are animated by the medieval origins of the black-white divide.
Neighboring Faiths
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Author : David Nirenberg
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2014-10-20
Neighboring Faiths written by David Nirenberg and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-20 with History categories.
This book represents the culmination of David Nirenberg s ongoing project; namely, how Muslims, Christians, and Jews lived with and thought about each other in the Middle Ages, and what the medieval past can tell us about how they do so today. There have been scripture based studies of the three religions of the book that claim descent from Abraham, but Nirenberg goes beyond those to pay close attention to how the three religious neighbors loved, tolerated, massacred, and expelled each otherall in the name of Godin periods and places both long ago and far away. Whether Christian Crusaders and settlers in Islamic-ruled lands, or Jewish-Muslim relations in Christian-controlled Iberia, for Nirenberg, the three religions need to be studied in terms of how each affected the development of the other over time, their proximity of religious and philosophical thought as well as their overlapping geographies, and how the three neighbors define (and continue to define) themselves and their place in the here-and-nowand the here-afterin terms of one another. Arguing against exemplary histories, static models of tolerance versus prosecution, or so-called Golden Ages and Black Legends, Nirenberg offers here instead a story that is more dynamic and interdependent, one where Muslim, Jewish, and Christian communities have re-imagined themselves, not only as abstractions of categories in each other s theologies and ideologies, but by living with each other every day as neighbors jostling each other on the street. From dangerous attractions leading to interfaith marriage, to interreligious conflicts leading to segregation, violence, and sometimes extermination, to strategies of bridging the interfaith gap through language, vocabulary, and poetryNirenberg aims to understand the intertwined past of the three faiths as a way for their heirs to coproduce the future."
England And The Jews
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Author : Geraldine Heng
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2018-11-29
England And The Jews written by Geraldine Heng and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-29 with Religion categories.
For three centuries, a mixture of religion, violence, and economic conditions created a fertile matrix in Western Europe that racialized an entire diasporic population who lived in the urban centers of the Latin West: Jews. This Element explores how religion and violence, visited on Jewish bodies and Jewish lives, coalesced to create the first racial state in the history of the West. It is an example of how the methods and conceptual frames of postcolonial and race studies, when applied to the study of religion, can be productive of scholarship that rewrites the foundational history of the past.
Medieval Heresies
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Author : Christine Caldwell Ames
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2015-04-02
Medieval Heresies written by Christine Caldwell Ames and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-02 with History categories.
A comparative history of heresy in Latin and Greek Christianity, Judaism, and Islam, spanning the fourth to the sixteenth century.
Rereading The Black Legend
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Author : Margaret R. Greer
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2008-09-15
Rereading The Black Legend written by Margaret R. Greer and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-09-15 with Literary Criticism categories.
The phrase “The Black Legend” was coined in 1912 by a Spanish journalist in protest of the characterization of Spain by other Europeans as a backward country defined by ignorance, superstition, and religious fanaticism, whose history could never recover from the black mark of its violent conquest of the Americas. Challenging this stereotype, Rereading the Black Legend contextualizes Spain’s uniquely tarnished reputation by exposing the colonial efforts of other nations whose interests were served by propagating the “Black Legend.” A distinguished group of contributors here examine early modern imperialisms including the Ottomans in Eastern Europe, the Portuguese in East India, and the cases of Mughal India and China, to historicize the charge of unique Spanish brutality in encounters with indigenous peoples during the Age of Exploration. The geographic reach and linguistic breadth of this ambitious collection will make it a valuable resource for any discussion of race, national identity, and religious belief in the European Renaissance.
Whose Middle Ages
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Author : Andrew Albin
language : en
Publisher: Fordham University Press
Release Date : 2019-10-15
Whose Middle Ages written by Andrew Albin and has been published by Fordham University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-15 with History categories.
Whose Middle Ages? is an interdisciplinary collection of short, accessible essays intended for the nonspecialist reader and ideal for teaching at an undergraduate level. Each of twenty-two essays takes up an area where digging for meaning in the medieval past has brought something distorted back into the present: in our popular entertainment; in our news, our politics, and our propaganda; and in subtler ways that inform how we think about our histories, our countries, and ourselves. Each author looks to a history that has refused to remain past and uses the tools of the academy to read and re-read familiar stories, objects, symbols, and myths. Whose Middle Ages? gives nonspecialists access to the richness of our historical knowledge while debunking damaging misconceptions about the medieval past. Myths about the medieval period are especially beloved among the globally resurgent far right, from crusading emblems on the shields borne by alt-right demonstrators to the on-screen image of a purely white European populace defended from actors of color by Internet trolls. This collection attacks these myths directly by insisting that readers encounter the relics of the Middle Ages on their own terms. Each essay uses its author’s academic research as a point of entry and takes care to explain how the author knows what she or he knows and what kinds of tools, bodies of evidence, and theoretical lenses allow scholars to write with certainty about elements of the past to a level of detail that might seem unattainable. By demystifying the methods of scholarly inquiry, Whose Middle Ages? serves as an antidote not only to the far right’s errors of fact and interpretation but also to its assault on scholarship and expertise as valid means for the acquisition of knowledge.
The Origins Of Racism In The West
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Author : Miriam Eliav-Feldon
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2013-08-22
The Origins Of Racism In The West written by Miriam Eliav-Feldon and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-22 with History categories.
Is it possible to speak of western racism before the eighteenth century? The term 'racism' is normally only associated with theories, which first appeared in the eighteenth century, about inherent biological differences that made one group superior to another. Here, however, leading historians argue that racism can be traced back to the attitudes of the ancient Greeks to their Persian enemies and that it was adopted, adjusted and re-formulated by Europeans right through until the dawn of the Enlightenment. From Greek teachings on environmental determinism and heredity, through medieval concepts of physiognomy, down to the crystallization of attitudes to Indians, Blacks, Jews and Gypsies in the early modern era, they analyse the various routes by which racist ideas travelled before maturing into murderous ideologies in the modern western world. In so doing this book offers a major reassessment of the place of racism in pre-modern European thought.