The Italian State And International Terrorism 1969 1986
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The Italian State And International Terrorism 1969 1986
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Author : Valentine Lomellini
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2024-01-08
The Italian State And International Terrorism 1969 1986 written by Valentine Lomellini and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-01-08 with History categories.
This book sheds light on the so-called ‘Moro Doctrine’, an Italian state security policy which has been portrayed in literature as an under-the-counter agreement made between Italy and Palestinian movement during the Cold War. The Moro Doctrine, or ‘Lodo Moro’ as it is known in Italy, aimed to protect the peninsula from Palestinian attacks by allowing terrorists to use Italian territory as a base for weapons and guerrilla fighters. Responsibility for the ‘Lodo’ was instrumentally placed on Aldo Moro, the five- time Prime Minister of Italy, after his death, and since then his name has become indelibly linked with the shame of having negotiated with Palestinian terrorists. Thanks to records collected from over twenty archives in Italy, the USA, France, Germany, Britain and Russia, concrete evidence shows that the significance of this agreement needs to be rethought. The author argues that the decision to adopt the Lodo was not solely made by Moro, but also involved key figures of the Christian Democrat and Socialist parties, various magistrates and even the President of the Republic. It illustrates how terrorism was used as an effective tool in international diplomacy to influence foreign and domestic policies. Offering a re-examination of Italian counter-terrorist policy, this book analyses how Italy responded to international terrorism during the Cold War, providing a useful read for those researching Italian and European history, Cold War studies, the history of international relations and diplomacy, and Middle-East history.
Comparative Counter Terrorism Law
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Author : Kent Roach
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2015-07-23
Comparative Counter Terrorism Law written by Kent Roach and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-23 with Law categories.
Terrorism law is as international as it is regionally distinct and as difficult to define as it is essential to address. Given recent pressures to harmonize terrorism laws from international organizations like the United Nations Security Council, the Financial Action Task Force, and the Council of Europe, this book presents readers with an up-to-date assessment of terrorism law across the globe. Covering twenty-two jurisdictions across six continents, the common framework used for each chapter facilitates national comparisons of a range of laws including relevant criminal, administrative, financial, secrecy, and military laws. Recognizing that similar laws may yield different outcomes when transplanted into new contexts, priority of place is given to examples of real-world application. Including a thematic introduction and conclusion, this book will help to establish comparative counter-terrorism law as an emerging discipline crossing the boundaries of domestic and international law.
Europe S Red Terrorists
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Author : Yonah Alexander
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2012-11-12
Europe S Red Terrorists written by Yonah Alexander and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-12 with History categories.
This unique volume explores Europe's most dangerous communist terrorist organizations and reveals how they use violence as a means of political communication and persuasion. It outlines seven terrorist groups from Germany, Greece, Spain, France, Belgium, Italy and Turkey and gives their modus operandi, rationale and political messages in translated communiqués never before available in English.
Maritime Terrorism And International Law
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Author : Natalino Ronzitti
language : en
Publisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
Release Date : 1990-09-26
Maritime Terrorism And International Law written by Natalino Ronzitti and has been published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990-09-26 with Law categories.
The State Of Terror
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Author : Annamarie Oliverio
language : en
Publisher: SUNY Press
Release Date : 1998-01-01
The State Of Terror written by Annamarie Oliverio and has been published by SUNY Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-01-01 with Social Science categories.
A comparative analysis of one of the most devastating social problems of the contemporary world. Focuses not only on acts of terrorism by terrorists, but with their portrayal and manipulation by others, particularly the media, for social and political purposes.
Political Learning In Adulthood
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Author : Roberta S. Sigel
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 1989
Political Learning In Adulthood written by Roberta S. Sigel and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Political Science categories.
In the wake of World War II, the issues of political stability in general and the survival of stable democracies in particular captured the attention of American political scientists. An inevitable offshoot of this interest was the study of political behavior--how it is acquired and how and why it persists. In its early stages, work on political socialization focused exclusively on childhood and adolescence, as if the learning process ends when adulthood begins. Only recently has adult socialization emerged as a legitimate field of study within political science. In Political Learning in Adulthood, social scientists for the first time examine the changes in political outlook and behavior that take place during the adult years, providing an invaluable overview of the problems, theories, and methodological approaches that characterize the field of political socialization. They consider which political values remain constant and which are subject to change, and they explore the ways in which both ordinary and extraordinary life events affect adults' political worldviews. Among specific topics considered are the effects of age and aging, the relation between participation in the work force and the development and expression of political views, continuity and change in the wake of revolutionary social and political movements, and the effects of such traumatic and life-threatening situations as war and terrorist activity.
Patterns Of Global Terrorism
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Patterns Of Global Terrorism written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Terrorism categories.
United States Military Posture
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Author : United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
United States Military Posture written by United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with United States categories.
Includes Supplement prepared by the Organization of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
United States Military Posture For Fy
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Author : United States. Organization of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date :
United States Military Posture For Fy written by United States. Organization of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with United States categories.
Coercion Survival And War
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Author : Phil Haun
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2015-07-01
Coercion Survival And War written by Phil Haun and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-01 with Political Science categories.
In asymmetric interstate conflicts, great powers have the capability to coerce weak states by threatening their survival—but not vice versa. It is therefore the great power that decides whether to escalate a conflict into a crisis by adopting a coercive strategy. In practice, however, the coercive strategies of the U.S. have frequently failed. In Coercion, Survival and War Phil Haun chronicles 30 asymmetric interstate crises involving the US from 1918 to 2003. The U.S. chose coercive strategies in 23 of these cases, but coercion failed half of the time: most often because the more powerful U.S. made demands that threatened the very survival of the weak state, causing it to resist as long as it had the means to do so. It is an unfortunate paradox Haun notes that, where the U.S. may prefer brute force to coercion, these power asymmetries may well lead it to first attempt coercive strategies that are expected to fail in order to justify the war it desires. He concludes that, when coercion is preferred to brute force there are clear limits as to what can be demanded. In such cases, he suggests, U.S. policymakers can improve the chances of success by matching appropriate threats to demands, by including other great powers in the coercive process, and by reducing a weak state leader's reputational costs by giving him or her face-saving options.