The K Effect

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The K Effect

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Author : Christopher GoGwilt
language : en
Publisher: Fordham Univ Press
Release Date : 2023-12-05

The K Effect written by Christopher GoGwilt and has been published by Fordham Univ Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-05 with Literary Criticism categories.

The K-Effect shows how the roman alphabet has functioned as a standardizing global model for modern print culture. Investigating the history and ongoing effects of romanization, Christopher GoGwilt reads modernism in a global and comparative perspective, through the works of Joseph Conrad and others. The book explores the ambiguous effect of romanized transliteration both in the service of colonization and as an instrument of decolonization. This simultaneously standardizing and destabilizing effect is abbreviated in the way the letter K indexes changing hierarchies in the relation between languages and scripts. The book traces this K-effect through the linguistic work of transliteration and its aesthetic organization in transnational modernism. The book examines a variety of different cases of romanization: the historical shift from Arabic script to romanized print form in writing Malay; the politicization of language and script reforms across Russia and Central Europe; the role of Chinese debates about romanization in shaping global transformations in print media; and the place of romanization between ancient Sanskrit models of language and script and contemporary digital forms of coding. Each case study develops an analysis of Conrad’s fiction read in comparison with such other writers as James Joyce, Lu Xun, Franz Kafka, and Pramoedya Ananta Toer. The first sustained cultural study of romanization, The K-Effect proposes an important new way to assess the multi-lingual and multi-script coordinates of modern print culture.

The K Effect

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Author : Christopher GoGwilt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023-12-05

The K Effect written by Christopher GoGwilt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-05 with categories.

Taking up the phenomenon of romanization, this book's comparative reading of Joseph Conrad, James Joyce, Lu Xun, Franz Kafka, and Pramoedya Ananta Toer, proposes an important new way to assess the multi-lingual, multi-script coordinates of transnational modernism and modern print culture.

Reliability Of High K Metal Gate Field Effect Transistors Considering Circuit Operational Constraints

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Author : Steve Kupke
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2016-06-06

Reliability Of High K Metal Gate Field Effect Transistors Considering Circuit Operational Constraints written by Steve Kupke and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.

After many decades, the scaling of silicon dioxide based field-effect transistors has reached insurmountable physical limits due unintentional high gate leakage currents for gate oxide thicknesses below 2 nm. The introduction of high-k metal gate stacks guaranteed the trend towards smaller transistor dimensions. The implementation of HfO2, as high-k dielectric, also lead to a substantial number of manufacturing and reliability challenges. The deterioration of the gate oxide properties under thermal and electric stress jeopardizes the circuit operation and hence needs to be comprehensively understood. As a starting point, 6T static random access memory cells were used to identify the different single device operating conditions. The strongest deterioration of the gate stack was found for nMOS devices under positive bias temperature instability (PBTI) stress, resulting in a severe threshold voltage shift and increased gate leakage current. A detailed investigation of physical origin and temperature and voltage dependency was done. The reliability issues were caused by the electron trapping into already existing HfO2 oxygen vacancies. The oxygen vacancies reside in different charge states depending on applied stress voltages. This in return also resulted in a strong threshold voltage and gate current relaxation after stress was cut off. The reliability assessment using constant voltage stress does not reflect realistic circuit operation which can result in a changed degradation behaviour. Therefore, the constant voltage stress measurement were extended by considering CMOS operational constraints, where it was found that the supply voltage frequently switches between the gate and drain terminal. The additional drain (off-state) bias lead to an increased Vt relaxation in comparison to zero bias voltage. The off-state influence strongly depended on the gate length and became significant for short channel devices. The influence of the off-state bias on the dielectric breakdown was studied and compared to the standard assessment methods. Different wear-out mechanisms for drain-only and alternating gate and drain stress were verified. Under drain-only stress, the dielectric breakdown was caused by hot carrier degradation. The lifetime was correlated with the device length and amount of subthreshold leakage. The gate oxide breakdown under alternating gate and o-state stress was caused by the continuous trapping and detrapping behaviour of high-k metal gate devices.

The Effects Of X Radiation On The Metabolism Of Bakers Yeast

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Author : William J. Bair
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1954

The Effects Of X Radiation On The Metabolism Of Bakers Yeast written by William J. Bair and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1954 with Yeast categories.

Report Of The Meeting Of The British Association For The Advancement Of Science

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Author : British Association for the Advancement of Science
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1898

Report Of The Meeting Of The British Association For The Advancement Of Science written by British Association for the Advancement of Science and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1898 with Science categories.

Appendix To The Assembly Journal

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Author : Wisconsin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1889

Appendix To The Assembly Journal written by Wisconsin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1889 with Wisconsin categories.

Stellar Kinematics And The K Effect

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Author : Edward Arthur Milne
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1935

Stellar Kinematics And The K Effect written by Edward Arthur Milne and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1935 with categories.

Advances In Nuclear Dynamics 5

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Author : Wolfgang Bauer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Advances In Nuclear Dynamics 5 written by Wolfgang Bauer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.

th This workshop was the 15 in a series that addresses the subject of the dynamics of nuclear reactions. These workshops are dedicated to the concept that bringing together scientists from diverse areas of nuclear reactions promotes the vibrant exchange of ideas. This workshop hosted presentations from experimentalists and theorists, intermediate energy to ultrarelativistic energies, and final results to recent speculations. Many of these scientists would not normally be exposed to the work done in other subfields. Thus the Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics plays a unique role in information exchange and the stimulation of new ides. The field of nuclear dynamics has a bright future. New accelerators are being planned and completed around the world. New detectors are being constructed. New models and theories are being developed to describe these phenomena. The Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics will continue to promote this lively and compelling field of research. WOLFGANG BAUER AND GARY D. WESTFALL v Previous Workshops The following table contains a list of the dates and locations of the previous Winter Workshops on Nuclear Dynamics as well as the members of the organizing committees. The chairpersons of the conferences are underlined.

Person Centered Methods

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Author : Mark Stemmler
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-05-24

Person Centered Methods written by Mark Stemmler and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-24 with Social Science categories.

This book takes an easy-to-understand look at the statistical approach called the person-centered method. Instead of analyzing means, variances and covariances of scale scores as in the common variable-centered approach, the person-centered approach analyzes persons or objects grouped according to their characteristic patterns or configurations in contingency tables. The main focus of the book will be on Configural Frequency Analysis (CFA; Lienert and Krauth, 1975) which is a statistical method that looks for over and under-frequented cells or patterns. Over frequented means that the observations in this cell or configuration are observed more often than expected, under-frequented means that this cell or configuration is observed less often than expected. In CFA a pattern or configuration that contains more observed cases than expected is called a type; similarly, a pattern or configuration that is less observed than expected are called an antitype. CFA is similar to log-linear modeling. In log-linear modeling the goal is to come up with a fitting model including all important variables. Instead of fitting a model, CFA looks at the significant residuals of a log-linear model. The book describes the use of an R-package called confreq (derived from Configural Frequency Analysis). The use of the software package is described and demonstrated with data examples.

Advances In Cryogenic Engineering

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Author : K. D. Timmerhaus
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-09

Advances In Cryogenic Engineering written by K. D. Timmerhaus and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-09 with Science categories.

The University of Colorado and the National Bureau of Standards have once again served as hosts for the Cryogenic Engineering Conference in Boulder, Colorado. In presenting the papers of this twelfth annual meeting, the 1966 Cryogenic Engineering Conference Committee has again recognized the excellent cooperation which has existed between these two organizations over the past decade with regard to both cryogenic research and conference activity. This cooperation was demonstrated not only at the 1966 Cryogenic Engineering Conference but also at the International Institute of Refrigeration, Commission I Meeting, which was also hosted by these two organizations immediately following the Cryogenic Engineering Conference. These two meetings have provided attendees with one of the most comprehensive coverages of cryogenic topics that has ever been presented at one location. Emphasis on major international advances in helium technology at the International Institute of Refrigeration, Commission I Meeting has been possible largely through the National Science Foundation Grant GK 1116 to the University of Colorado. The Cryogenic Engineering Conference Committee gratefully acknowledges this support because of its valuable international contribution to the Cryogenic Engineering Conference. As in the past, the Cryogenic Engineering Conference Committee is grateful for the continued assistance of all the dedicated workers in the cryogenic field who have contributed their time reviewing the preliminary papers for the program and the final manuscripts for this volume.