The Last Crusade

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The Last Crusade In The West

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Author : Joseph F. O'Callaghan
language : en
Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press
Release Date : 2014-04-18

The Last Crusade In The West written by Joseph F. O'Callaghan and has been published by University of Pennsylvania Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-18 with History categories.

By the middle of the fourteenth century, Christian control of the Iberian Peninsula extended to the borders of the emirate of Granada, whose Muslim rulers acknowledged Castilian suzerainty. No longer threatened by Moroccan incursions, the kings of Castile were diverted from completing the Reconquest by civil war and conflicts with neighboring Christian kings. Mindful, however, of their traditional goal of recovering lands formerly ruled by the Visigoths, whose heirs they claimed to be, the Castilian monarchs continued intermittently to assault Granada until the late fifteenth century. Matters changed thereafter, when Fernando and Isabel launched a decade-long effort to subjugate Granada. Utilizing artillery and expending vast sums of money, they methodically conquered each Naṣrid stronghold until the capitulation of the city of Granada itself in 1492. Effective military and naval organization and access to a diversity of financial resources, joined with papal crusading benefits, facilitated the final conquest. Throughout, the Naṣrids had emphasized the urgency of a jihād waged against the Christian infidels, while the Castilians affirmed that the expulsion of the "enemies of our Catholic faith" was a necessary, just, and holy cause. The fundamentally religious character of this last stage of conflict cannot be doubted, Joseph F. O'Callaghan argues.

Indiana Jones And The Last Crusade

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Author : Penguin Group Australia
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989

Indiana Jones And The Last Crusade written by Penguin Group Australia and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with categories.

The Last Crusade

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Author : Warren Hasty Carroll
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996

The Last Crusade written by Warren Hasty Carroll and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with History categories.

Why be satisfied with leftist propaganda on the Spanish Civil War? Carroll's treatment of the events of 1936 is singular in Anglo-American scholarship for seeing the conflict for what is truly was: a death struggle against the Christian faith and a war against Christian civilization in Europe. This outstanding work of scholarship illustrates the phenomenon of the traditionalist as revisionist: the distortions of decades of Marxist historiography are overturned in Carroll's narration of the bloody struggle to preserve Western civilization in the heart of 20th century Europe.

Indiana Jones And The Last Crusade

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Author : Les Martin
language : en
Publisher: Random House Books for Young Readers
Release Date : 1989

Indiana Jones And The Last Crusade written by Les Martin and has been published by Random House Books for Young Readers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Juvenile Fiction categories.

Indiana Jones tries to save his father from the Nazis as they all search for the Holy Grail.

Indiana Jones And The Last Crusade

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989

Indiana Jones And The Last Crusade written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Grail categories.

Indiana Jones tries to save his father from the Nazis as they all search for the Holy Grail.

The Last Crusade

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Author : Nigel Cliff
language : en
Publisher: Atlantic Books Ltd
Release Date : 2012-04-01

The Last Crusade written by Nigel Cliff and has been published by Atlantic Books Ltd this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-01 with History categories.

NEW YORK TIMES ' NOTABLE BOOK OF 2011 LONGLISTED FOR THE MARITIME MEDIA AWARDS SHORTLISTED FOR THE HESSELL-TILTMAN HISTORY PRIZE In 1498 a young captain sailed from Portugal, circumnavigated Africa, crossed the Indian Ocean, and discovered the sea route to the Indies, opening up access to the fabled wealth of the East. It was the longest voyage known to history; the ships were pushed to their limits, their crews were racked by storms and devastated by disease. However, the greatest enemy was neither nature nor the fear of venturing into unknown worlds. With blood-red Crusader crosses emblazoned on their sails, the explorers arrived in the heart of the Muslim East at a time when the old hostilities between Christianity and Islam had intensified. In two voyages that spanned six years, Vasco da Gama would fight a running sea battle that would ultimately change the fate of three continents. The Last Crusade is an epic tale of spies, intrigue, and treachery; of bravado, brinkmanship, and confused - often comical collisions - between cultures encountering one another for the first time. With the world once again tipping back East, The Last Crusade offers a key to understanding age-old religious and cultural rivalries resurgent today.

Indiana Jones And The Last Crusade

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Author : Rob Macgregor
language : en
Publisher: Random House Worlds
Release Date : 2008-04-29

Indiana Jones And The Last Crusade written by Rob Macgregor and has been published by Random House Worlds this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-29 with Fiction categories.

The fearless archaeologist returns in a spectacular adventure! A novelization of the major motion picture. The time is the 1930s. Indiana Jones has never had a problem finding trouble, but now he has landed in the deadliest situation imaginable. He must rescue his father, eminent professor Dr. Henry Jones, from the Nazis’ clutches to keep them from discovering secrets only Dr. Jones possesses—secrets that could reveal the location of the Holy Grail. The perilous race is on to save his father and recover the most extraordinary relic of all time—and to prevent the Nazis and Dr. Jones’s devious rivals from finding it first.

The Last Crusade

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