The Last Pagan
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The Last Pagan Emperor
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Author : H. C. Teitler
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2017-02-13
The Last Pagan Emperor written by H. C. Teitler and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-13 with History categories.
Flavius Claudius Julianus was the last pagan to sit on the Roman imperial throne (361-363). Born in Constantinople in 331 or 332, Julian was raised as a Christian, but apostatized, and during his short reign tried to revive paganism, which, after the conversion to Christianity of his uncle Constantine the Great early in the fourth century, began losing ground at an accelerating pace. Having become an orphan when he was still very young, Julian was taken care of by his cousin Constantius II, one of Constantine's sons, who permitted him to study rhetoric and philosophy and even made him co-emperor in 355. But the relations between Julian and Constantius were strained from the beginning, and it was only Constantius' sudden death in 361 which prevented an impending civil war. As sole emperor, Julian restored the worship of the traditional gods. He opened pagan temples again, reintroduced animal sacrifices, and propagated paganism through both the spoken and the written word. In his treatise Against the Galilaeans he sharply criticised the religion of the followers of Jesus whom he disparagingly called 'Galilaeans'. He put his words into action, and issued laws which were displeasing to Christians--the most notorious being his School Edict. This provoked the anger of the Christians, who reacted fiercely, and accused Julian of being a persecutor like his predecessors Nero, Decius, and Diocletian. Violent conflicts between pagans and Christians made themselves felt all over the empire. It is disputed whether or not Julian himself was behind such outbursts. Accusations against the Apostate continued to be uttered even after the emperor's early death. In this book, the feasibility of such charges is examined.
The Last Pagan
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Author : Adrian Murdoch
language : en
Publisher: Inner Traditions
Release Date : 2008-04-18
The Last Pagan written by Adrian Murdoch and has been published by Inner Traditions this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-18 with Body, Mind & Spirit categories.
A history of Julian, the grandson of Constantine, and his failed attempt to reverse the Christian tide that swept the Roman Empire • Portrays the “Apostate” as a poet-philosopher, arguing that had he survived, Christianity would have been checked in its rise • Details reforms enacted by Julian during his two-year reign that marginalized Christians, effectively limiting their role in the social and political life of the Empire • Shows how after Julian’s death the Church used paganism to represent evil and opposition to God, a tactic whose traces still linger The violent death of the emperor Julian (Flavius Claudius Julianus, AD 332-363) on a Persian battlefield has become synonymous with the death of paganism. Vilified throughout history as the “Apostate,” the young philosopher-warrior was the last and arguably the most potent threat to Christianity. The Last Pagan examines Julian’s journey from an aristocratic Christian childhood to his initiation into pagan cults and his mission to establish paganism as the dominant faith of the Roman world. Julian’s death, only two years into his reign, initiated a culture-wide suppression by the Church of all things it chose to identify as pagan. Only in recent decades, with the weakening of the Church’s influence and the resurgence of paganism, have the effects of that suppression begun to wane. Drawing upon more than 700 pages of Julian’s original writings, Adrian Murdoch shows that had Julian lived longer our history and our present-day culture would likely be very different.
The Last Pagans Of Rome
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Author : Alan Cameron
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2010-11-30
The Last Pagans Of Rome written by Alan Cameron and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-11-30 with History categories.
Rufinus' vivid account of the battle between the Eastern Emperor Theodosius and the Western usurper Eugenius by the River Frigidus in 394 represents it as the final confrontation between paganism and Christianity. It is indeed widely believed that a largely pagan aristocracy remained a powerful and active force well into the fifth century, sponsoring pagan literary circles, patronage of the classics, and propaganda for the old cults in art and literature. The main focus of much modern scholarship on the end of paganism in the West has been on its supposed stubborn resistance to Christianity. The dismantling of this romantic myth is one of the main goals of Alan Cameron's book. Actually, the book argues, Western paganism petered out much earlier and more rapidly than hitherto assumed. The subject of this book is not the conversion of the last pagans but rather the duration, nature, and consequences of their survival. By re-examining the abundant textual evidence, both Christian (Ambrose, Augustine, Jerome, Paulinus, Prudentius) and "pagan" (Claudian, Macrobius, and Ammianus Marcellinus), as well as the visual evidence (ivory diptychs, illuminated manuscripts, silverware), Cameron shows that most of the activities and artifacts previously identified as hallmarks of a pagan revival were in fact just as important to the life of cultivated Christians. Far from being a subversive activity designed to rally pagans, the acceptance of classical literature, learning, and art by most elite Christians may actually have helped the last reluctant pagans to finally abandon the old cults and adopt Christianity. The culmination of decades of research, The Last Pagans of Rome overturns many long-held assumptions about pagan and Christian culture in the late antique West.
A Chronicle Of The Last Pagans
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Author : Pierre Chuvin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
A Chronicle Of The Last Pagans written by Pierre Chuvin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with History categories.
A Chronicle of the Last Pagans is a history of the triumph of Christianity in the Roman Empire as told from the perspective of the defeated: the adherents of the mysteries, cults, and philosophies that dominated Greco-Roman culture. With a sovereign command of the diverse evidence, Pierre Chuvin portrays the complex spiritual, intellectual, and political lives of professing pagans after Christianity became the state religion. While recreating the unfolding drama of their fate--their gradual loss of power, exclusion from political, military, and civic positions, their assimilation, and finally their persecution--he records a remarkable persistence of pagan religiosity and illustrates the fruitful interaction between Christianity and paganism. The author points to the implications of this late paganism for subsequent developments in the Byzantine Empire and the West. Chuvin's compelling account of an often forgotten world of pagan culture rescues an important aspect of our spiritual heritage and provides new understanding of Late Antiquity.
Julian
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Author : Philip Freeman
language : en
Publisher: Yale University Press
Release Date : 2023-09-26
Julian written by Philip Freeman and has been published by Yale University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-26 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
The tragic life of Julian, the last non-Christian emperor of Rome, by award-winning author Philip Freeman Flavius Claudius Julianus, or Julian the Apostate, ruled Rome as sole emperor for just a year and a half, from 361 to 363, but during that time he turned the world upside down. Although a nephew of Constantine the Great, the first Christian emperor of Rome, Julian fought to return Rome to the old gods who had led his ancestors to build their vast empire. As emperor, Julian set about reforming the administration, conquering new territories, and reviving ancient religions. He was scorned in his time for repudiating Christianity and demonized as an apostate for willfully rejecting Christ. Through the centuries, Julian has been viewed by many as a tragic figure who sought to save Rome from its enemies and the corrupting influence of Christianity. Christian writers and historians have seen Julian much differently: as a traitor to God and violent oppressor of Christians. Had Julian not been killed by a random Persian spear, he might well have changed all of history.
The Final Pagan Generation
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Author : Edward J. Watts
language : en
Publisher: University of California Press
Release Date : 2020-08-25
The Final Pagan Generation written by Edward J. Watts and has been published by University of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-25 with Religion categories.
A compelling history of radical transformation in the fourth-century--when Christianity decimated the practices of traditional pagan religion in the Roman Empire. The Final Pagan Generation recounts the fascinating story of the lives and fortunes of the last Romans born before the Emperor Constantine converted to Christianity. Edward J. Watts traces their experiences of living through the fourth century’s dramatic religious and political changes, when heated confrontations saw the Christian establishment legislate against pagan practices as mobs attacked pagan holy sites and temples. The emperors who issued these laws, the imperial officials charged with implementing them, and the Christian perpetrators of religious violence were almost exclusively young men whose attitudes and actions contrasted markedly with those of the earlier generation, who shared neither their juniors’ interest in creating sharply defined religious identities nor their propensity for violent conflict. Watts examines why the "final pagan generation"—born to the old ways and the old world in which it seemed to everyone that religious practices would continue as they had for the past two thousand years—proved both unable to anticipate the changes that imperially sponsored Christianity produced and unwilling to resist them. A compelling and provocative read, suitable for the general reader as well as students and scholars of the ancient world.
The Last Pagans Of Iraq
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Author : Jaakko Hämeen-Anttila
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2006-06-01
The Last Pagans Of Iraq written by Jaakko Hämeen-Anttila and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-06-01 with Religion categories.
This volume analyses the religious, philosophical and folkloristic content of Ibn Waḥshiyya's (d. 931) Nabatean Agriculture, a book containing rich information on Late Antique paganism in Iraq. The book also contains 61 translated excerpts from the Nabatean Agriculture.
The Last Days Of Greco Roman Paganism
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Author : Johannes Geffcken
language : en
Publisher: North-Holland
Release Date : 1978
The Last Days Of Greco Roman Paganism written by Johannes Geffcken and has been published by North-Holland this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with History categories.
Julian
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Author : Gore Vidal
language : en
Publisher: Vintage
Release Date : 2018-08-22
Julian written by Gore Vidal and has been published by Vintage this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-22 with Fiction categories.
Julian the Apostate was the nephew of Emperor Constantine the Great. Julian ascended to the throne in A.D. 361, at the age of twenty-nine, and was murdered four years later after an unsuccessful attempt to rebuke Christianity and restore the worship of the old gods. Now this historical tapestry is brought to vibrant life by the dazzling talent of Gore Vidal.
The Last Pagan
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Author : James Westfall Thompson
language : en
Publisher: Wentworth Press
Release Date : 2019-02-26
The Last Pagan written by James Westfall Thompson and has been published by Wentworth Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-26 with History categories.
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