The Life Science And Times Of Lev Vasilevich Shubnikov
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The Life Science And Times Of Lev Vasilevich Shubnikov
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Author : L. J. Reinders
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-02-27
The Life Science And Times Of Lev Vasilevich Shubnikov written by L. J. Reinders and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-27 with Science categories.
This book describes the life, times and science of the Soviet physicist Lev Vasilevich Shubnikov (1901-1937). From 1926 to 1930 Shubnikov worked in Leiden where he was the co-discoverer of the Shubnikov-De Haas effect. After his return to the Soviet Union he founded in Kharkov in Ukraine the first low-temperature laboratory in the Soviet Union, which in a very short time became the foremost physics institute in the country and among other things led to the discovery of type-II superconductivity. In August 1937 Shubnikov, together with many of his colleagues, was arrested and shot early in November 1937. This gripping story gives deep insights into the pioneering work of Soviet physicists before the Second World War, as well as providing much previously unpublished information about their brutal treatment at the hands of the Stalinist regime.
Ensnared Between Hitler And Stalin
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Author : David K Zimmerman
language : en
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
Release Date : 2022-12-21
Ensnared Between Hitler And Stalin written by David K Zimmerman and has been published by University of Toronto Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-21 with Science categories.
In the 1930s, hundreds of scientists and scholars fled Hitler’s Germany. Many found safety, but some made the disastrous decision to seek refuge in Stalin’s Soviet Union. The vast majority of these refugee scholars were arrested, murdered, or forced to flee the Soviet Union during the Great Terror. Many of the survivors then found themselves embroiled in the Holocaust. Ensnared between Hitler and Stalin explores the forced migration of these displaced academics from Nazi Germany to the Soviet Union. The book follows the lives of thirty-six scholars through some of the most tumultuous events of the twentieth century. It reveals that not only did they endure the chaos that engulfed central Europe in the decades before Hitler came to power, but they were also caught up in two of the greatest mass murders in history. David Zimmerman examines how those fleeing Hitler in their quests for safe harbour faced hardship and grave danger, including arrest, torture, and execution by the Soviet state. Drawing on German, Russian, and English sources, Ensnared between Hitler and Stalin illustrates the complex paths taken by refugee scholars in flight.
Horizons
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Author : James Poskett
language : en
Publisher: Penguin UK
Release Date : 2022-03-24
Horizons written by James Poskett and has been published by Penguin UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-24 with History categories.
'Superb' Sunday Times 'Revolutionary' Alice Roberts 'Hugely important' Jim Al-Khalili _______________ A radical retelling of the history of science that foregrounds the scientists erased from history In this major retelling of the history of science from 1450 to the present day, James Poskett explodes the myth that science began in Europe. The blinkered Western gaze focusing on individual 'genius' - Copernicus, Newton, Darwin, Einstein - was only one part of the story. The reality was an utterly global, non-linear pattern of cross-fertilization, competition, cooperation and outright conflict. Each rupture in history carved fresh channels for global exchange. Here, for the first time, Poskett celebrates how scientists from Africa, America, Asia and the Pacific were integral to this very human story. We meet Graman Kwasi, the African botanist who discovered a new cure for malaria; Hantaro Nagaoka, the Japanese scientist who first described the structure of the atom; and Zhao Zhongyao, the Chinese physicist who discovered antimatter. _______________ 'Remarkable. Challenges almost everything we know about science in the West' Jerry Brotton, author of A History of the World in 12 Maps 'Perspective-shattering' Caroline Sanderson, The Bookseller, 'Editor's Choice' 'Horizons upends traditional accounts of the history of science' Rebecca Wragg Sykes, author of Kindred 'Poskett deftly blends the achievements of little-known figures into the wider history of science . . . brims with clarity' Chris Allnutt, Financial Times
Electrodynamics Of Superconductors
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Author : Vladimir Kozhevnikov
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2024-12-23
Electrodynamics Of Superconductors written by Vladimir Kozhevnikov and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-12-23 with Science categories.
Superconductivity is a remarkable, on the verge of miraculous, macroscopic quantum phenomenon with a boundless potential for a wide variety of applications. Over the last century the physics of superconductivity constitutes a major part of research in condensed matter and yet the electrodynamics of superconductors appears as only a minor part in textbooks on electrodynamics and superconductivity. The book offers a fresh look at electrodynamics of continuous media with detailed description of thermal and electromagnetic properties of superconductors, emphasising physical meaning of concepts and principles without excessive mathematics. To facilitate understanding, it is accompanied by problems and worked solutions. The book will be of interest to senior undergraduate and graduate students of physics and chemistry who have taken a calculus-based course in general physics. It is a valuable reference for researchers involved in studies of superconductivity, the physics of metals, and condensed matter physics. Key Features: The first book - in terms of semi-classical physics - addressing both equilibrium and nonequilibrium, thermal and transport properties of superconducting materials Presents an accessible overview without excessive mathematics Accompanied by problems with solutions to aid understanding
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Author : 詹姆士．波斯克特(James Poskett)
language : zh-TW
Publisher: 時報文化出版
Release Date : 2023-04-28
written by 詹姆士．波斯克特(James Poskett) and has been published by 時報文化出版 this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-28 with Science categories.
前所未見、具高度爆發性的科學史 本書遠遠偏離了我們多數人被教導的西方經典情節， 但卻真正拓展了我們就過往與現今的全球科學眼界。 波斯克特巧妙地將默默無聞人士的成就融入更廣泛的科學史……篇幅內容論述明晰。」 ──《金融時報》（Financial Times） 當我們說到現代科學的起源時，習慣從歐洲開始，我們記得哥白尼、牛頓、達爾文和愛因斯坦這些思想巨擘。然而科學的歷史並不是、也從來不是歐洲特有的努力歷程。哥白尼仰賴根源自阿拉伯和波斯文本的數學技術；牛頓的運動定律用上了亞洲和非洲進行的天文學觀測成果；當達爾文撰著《物種起源》之時，他參考了一本十六世紀的中國百科全書；還有當愛因斯坦研究量子力學時，他受到了來自孟加拉物理學家薩特延德拉．玻色的啟發。 《被蒙蔽的視野》是前所未見的科學史，講述了科學發展中的無名英雄，披露最重要的科學突破是來自全世界不同文化之間的思想交流。在這部雄心勃勃，啟迪思維的歷史當中，詹姆士．波斯克特重塑了科學史，揭示了非洲、美洲、亞洲和太平洋上科學家對這段全球故事做出的重要貢獻。 本書將科學史安置於世界史的核心地位，也為現代世界的形成提供了一個嶄新視角，不再聚焦於某些菁英，也不再只看著歐洲，撥開被刻意蒙蔽的視野。要更深刻認識現代史，我們就必須關注全球科學史。 【專家推薦】（按姓氏筆畫排序） 林俊良｜中興大學副校長、電機系講座教授 林敏聰｜國家科學及技術委員會副主任委員、臺大物理系特聘教授 孫維新｜臺灣大學物理系及天文所教授 張國暉｜臺灣大學國家發展研究所副教授 曾耀寰｜中研院天文所研究副技師 黃貞祥｜清華大學生命科學系助理教授 劉怡維｜清華大學物理系教授
Copernic Et Newton N Taient Pas Seuls
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Author : James Poskett
language : fr
Publisher: Seuil
Release Date : 2022-10-07T00:00:00+02:00
Copernic Et Newton N Taient Pas Seuls written by James Poskett and has been published by Seuil this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-07T00:00:00+02:00 with Science categories.
« Nous avons tous appris que la naissance de la science moderne – la révolution scientifique – fut l’œuvre de savants isolés et géniaux, aux noms entrés dans l’histoire : Copernic et Galilée, Newton et Darwin, James Clerk Maxwell et Albert Einstein. Leur point commun ? Ils sont tous Européens. Qui a entendu parler, dans notre éducation occidentale, d’un physicien japonais, d’un astronome turc ou du système inca d’histoire naturelle ? Dans ce livre fondamental, James Poskett remet les pendules à l’heure et nous livre une refonte brillante de l’histoire des sciences, où l’on apprend combien le développement des sciences fut international, et jamais plus fertile que lorsqu’elles se retrouvèrent au croisement des cultures. Cette thèse n’est pas nouvelle, mais jamais on ne l'a aussi bien articulée et racontée. Poskett nous embarque dans un voyage captivant à travers siècles et continents, sur la route de la soie, dans la forêt péruvienne et sur la houle du Pacifique, tissant une tapisserie détaillée, colorée et cohérente d’aventures et de personnages qui ont contribué ensemble à l’essor des sciences modernes. Avec cet essai ambitieux, l’auteur signe une œuvre magistrale, non seulement d’un point de vue historique, mais aussi comme exemple d’une transmission parfaitement réussie vers tous les publics, experts et profanes. » Charles Frankel, géologue, auteur d’essais scientifiques James Poskett est Docteur de l’université de Cambridge, professeur associé à l’université de Warwick où il enseigne l’histoire des sciences et de la technologie. Il est consultant pour des musées au Royaume-Uni (dont le Science Museum de Londres et le Whipple Museum de Cambridge). Il a publié de nombreux articles (Nature, The Guardian), ainsi que Materials of the Mind (2019, Chicago UP), ouvrage universitaire sur la phrénologie et le racisme, récipiendaire en 2020 du prix de l’Association d’histoire des sciences sociales.
Die Berliner Jahre
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Author : Albert Einstein
language : de
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2021-06-22
Die Berliner Jahre written by Albert Einstein and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-22 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
A definitive scholarly edition of the correspondence and papers of Albert Einstein During the period covered by this volume, Einstein aims to discover whether one can derive the electron’s equations of motion directly from the field equations of general relativity, and he embarks on a new approach to unified field theory founded on teleparallel geometry. On these topics, he engages in exchanges with J. Grommer, C. Lanczos, and particularly with C. H. Müntz, and corresponds with mathematicians like R. Weitzenböck and É. Cartan. Einstein attends what will be considered a historic 1927 Solvay Conference where the new quantum mechanics is discussed, but in fact he makes very few remarks. In an important prelude to his eventual emigration to the United States, he is invited in September 1927 to accept a research professorship at Princeton University. Despite the sudden onset of a severe heart ailment in 1928, followed by an almost year-long period of convalescence, Einstein maintains a sustained engagement with scientific work, correspondence, and social and political issues. He publishes many articles and interviews designed for a popular audience and continues various technical preoccupations, including publishing a patent for a novel “people’s” refrigerator and being intimately involved in the design of his famous sailboat. Einstein advocates for domestic legislative reform, gay and minority rights, European rapprochement, and conscientious objection to military service. He resigns from his positions at the Hebrew University. He also tries to avoid the fanfare marking his fiftieth birthday in March 1929 yet is “buried under a paper avalanche” from the tributes. His hiring of Helen Dukas as his assistant, who accompanies Einstein to the end of his life, is of great significance for the ultimate preservation of his written legacy.
The Collected Papers Of Albert Einstein Volume 17 Documentary Edition
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Author : Albert Einstein
language : de
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2024-09-03
The Collected Papers Of Albert Einstein Volume 17 Documentary Edition written by Albert Einstein and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-09-03 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
A definitive scholarly edition of the correspondence and papers of Albert Einstein This volume finds Einstein recovered and traveling again after a prolonged illness, to Paris, London, and Zurich to receive three honorary doctorates; to the Sixth Solvay Congress in Brussels and to Leyden; and to attend the Constituent Meeting of the Jewish Agency Council in Zurich and the twelfth session of the ICIC in Geneva. By the end of the volume, Einstein embarks on a transatlantic voyage for the first time in five years to spend an academic term at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena. Einstein’s work focuses on the teleparallel approach to unified field theory, on which he engages in intensive correspondence with Élie Cartan and begins his collaboration with Walther Mayer. He also presents popular accounts of his work, surveying the historical progression from classical to twentieth-century physics leading up to the latest developments in unified field theory. He also engages in lively exchanges on both technical and foundational issues in quantum mechanics with W. Pauli, M. Born, M. Schlick, and others. His personal correspondence reflects eventful changes: the Einsteins realize their dream of owning a summer house outside Berlin, Einstein becomes a grandfather, his younger son Eduard commences his university studies and has his first serious mental health crisis, and his younger stepdaughter Margot gets married. Einstein’s ties to the Zionist movement are seriously tested in the wake of the violence that erupts in British Mandate Palestine in 1929, to which he reacts with forceful calls for a genuine symbiosis between Jews and Arabs, proposing the establishment of joint administrative, economic, and social organizations. He warns that without finding “the path to honest cooperation and honest negotiations with the Arabs,” “we [Jews] have learned nothing from our two-thousand-year ordeal and deserve the fate that will befall us.” In Germany, too, Einstein champions democracy in the face of rising support for the Nazi Party, is active on behalf of Jewish refugees, opposes the death penalty, and supports abortion rights and the decriminalization of homosexuality. Einstein promotes pacifism more vigorously. His efforts to promote peace follow three distinct transnational avenues: disarmament, conscientious objection, and apolitical pacifism, aimed “to find practical mechanisms to restrict the nation state.”
Oorlogsduif
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Author : Onno Blom
language : nl
Publisher: Bezige Bij b.v., Uitgeverij De
Release Date : 2024-04-25
Oorlogsduif written by Onno Blom and has been published by Bezige Bij b.v., Uitgeverij De this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-25 with Fiction categories.
In Oorlogsduif vertelt Onno Blom voor het eerst de verborgen geschiedenis die zijn familie verscheurde. Zijn grootvader, Jan Blom, zat tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog in het verzet. Maar zijn overgrootvader, Johan Blom, zat met zijn vrouw en zeven andere kinderen bij de NSB. Jan voegde zich vlak voor de hongerwinter bij de gewapende verzetsgroep De Duif in Friesland. Daar werd zijn beste vriend door de Duitsers gepakt en geëxecuteerd. Johan overleed in de zomer van 1945 in kamp Westerbork, waar na de bevrijding collaborateurs werden opgesloten. Wonderlijk genoeg werden na de oorlog de familiebanden hersteld. Niemand merkte iets aan de Blommen. Over het zwarte verleden werd gezwegen. Totdat Onno besloot het zwijgen te doorbreken. Samen met zijn vader, de historicus Hans Blom en voormalig directeur van het NIOD, ging hij op zoek naar wat zijn grootvader en overgrootvader is overkomen. Door de scherpe stijl en grote vertelkracht leest Oorlogsduif als een spannende roman, waarin een duistere tijd op een sensitieve manier wordt belicht. ‘Voor mij is het goed als het waar is,’ zegt Onno’s vader tegen hem, ‘voor jou is het waar als het mooi is.’
Arnold Sommerfeld
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Author : Michael Eckert
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-24
Arnold Sommerfeld written by Michael Eckert and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-24 with Science categories.
The subject of the book is a biography of the theoretical physicist Arnold Sommerfeld (1868-1951). Although Sommerfeld is famous as a quantum theorist for the elaboration of the semi-classical atomic theory (Bohr-Sommerfeld model, Sommerfeld's fine-structure constant), his role in the history of modern physics is not confined to atoms and quanta. Sommerfeld left his mark in the history of mathematics, fluid mechanics, a number of physical subdisciplines and, in particular, as founder of a most productive "school" (Peter Debye, Wolfgang Pauli, Werner Heisenberg, Linus Pauling and Hans Bethe were his pupils, to name only the Nobel laureates among them). This biography is to a large extent based on primary source material (correspondence, diaries, unpublished manuscripts). It should be of particular interest to students who are keen to know more about the historical roots of modern science. Sommerfeld lived through turbulent times of German history (Wilhelmian Empire, Weimar Republic, Nazi period). His life, therefore, illustrates how science and scientists perform in changing social environments. From this perspective, the biography should also attract readers with a general interest in the history of science and technology.