The Lines Of Torres Vedras 1809 11
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The Lines Of Torres Vedras 1809 11
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Author : Ian Fletcher
language : en
Publisher: Osprey Publishing
Release Date : 2003-06-20
The Lines Of Torres Vedras 1809 11 written by Ian Fletcher and has been published by Osprey Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-06-20 with History categories.
Following the battle of Bussaco on 27 September 1810 Wellington's heavily outnumbered troops began to withdraw towards Lisbon. By the evening of 9 October the British and Portuguese began to withdraw behind a line of defensive works that had been built to the north of Lisbon. These were not the rudimentary field works that the French anticipated, but an enormous network of forts, batteries and redoubts whose construction had been started the previous November - the Lines of Torres Vedras. This 30-mile-wide line utilised the area's natural defences, damming rivers, scarping hillsides, blocking roads and establishing forts upon almost all of the hills. This title describes its design, creation and effectiveness in the face of French attacks.
The Lines Of Torres Vedras 1809 11
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Author : Ian Fletcher
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2012-07-20
The Lines Of Torres Vedras 1809 11 written by Ian Fletcher and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-07-20 with History categories.
Following the battle of Bussaco on 27 September 1810 Wellington's heavily outnumbered troops began to withdraw towards Lisbon. By the evening of 9 October the British and Portuguese began to withdraw behind a line of defensive works that had been built to the north of Lisbon. These were not the rudimentary field works that the French anticipated, but an enormous network of forts, batteries and redoubts whose construction had been started the previous November the Lines of Torres Vedras. This 30-mile-wide line utilised the area's natural defences, damming rivers, scarping hillsides, blocking roads and establishing forts upon almost all of the hills. This title describes its design, creation and effectiveness in the face of French attacks.
The Lines Of Torres Vedras 1809 11
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Author : Ian Fletcher
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2012-07-20
The Lines Of Torres Vedras 1809 11 written by Ian Fletcher and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-07-20 with History categories.
Following the battle of Bussaco on 27 September 1810 Wellington's heavily outnumbered troops began to withdraw towards Lisbon. By the evening of 9 October the British and Portuguese began to withdraw behind a line of defensive works that had been built to the north of Lisbon. These were not the rudimentary field works that the French anticipated, but an enormous network of forts, batteries and redoubts whose construction had been started the previous November the Lines of Torres Vedras. This 30-mile-wide line utilised the area's natural defences, damming rivers, scarping hillsides, blocking roads and establishing forts upon almost all of the hills. This title describes its design, creation and effectiveness in the face of French attacks.
The Napoleonic Wars
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Author : Alexander Mikaberidze
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2020-01-13
The Napoleonic Wars written by Alexander Mikaberidze and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-13 with History categories.
Austerlitz, Wagram, Borodino, Trafalgar, Leipzig, Waterloo: these are the places most closely associated with the era of the Napoleonic Wars. But how did this period of nearly continuous conflict affect the world beyond Europe? The immensity of the fighting waged by France against England, Prussia, Austria, and Russia, and the immediate consequences of the tremors that spread throughout the world. In this ambitious and far-ranging work, Alexander Mikaberidze argues that the Napoleonic Wars can only be fully understood in an international perspective. France struggled for dominance not only on the plains of Europe but also in the Americas, West and South Africa, Ottoman Empire, Iran, India, Indonesia, the Philippines, Mediterranean Sea, and the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Taking specific regions in turn, Mikaberidze discusses major political-military events around the world and situates geopolitical decision-making within its long- and short-term contexts. From the British expeditions to Argentina and South Africa to the Franco-Russian maneuvering in the Ottoman Empire, the effects of the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars would shape international affairs well into the next century. In Egypt, the wars led to the rise of Mehmed Ali and the emergence of a powerful state; in North America, the period transformed and enlarged the newly established United States; and in South America, the Spanish colonial empire witnessed the start of national-liberation movements that ultimately ended imperial control. Skillfully narrated and deeply researched, here at last is the global history of the period, one that expands our view of the Napoleonic Wars and their role in laying the foundations of the modern world.
The Dispatches Of Field Marshal The Duke Of Wellington During His Various Campaigns In India Denmark Portugal Spain The Low Countries And France
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Author : Arthur Wellesley of Wellington
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1847
The Dispatches Of Field Marshal The Duke Of Wellington During His Various Campaigns In India Denmark Portugal Spain The Low Countries And France written by Arthur Wellesley of Wellington and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1847 with categories.
1815 1842
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Author : Arthur Wellesley Duke of Wellington
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1852
1815 1842 written by Arthur Wellesley Duke of Wellington and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1852 with Great Britain categories.
Low Countries Waterloo And France
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Author : Arthur Wellesley Duke of Wellington
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1852
Low Countries Waterloo And France written by Arthur Wellesley Duke of Wellington and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1852 with Great Britain categories.
The Maginot Line 1928 45
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Author : William Allcorn
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2012-07-20
The Maginot Line 1928 45 written by William Allcorn and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-07-20 with History categories.
The Maginot Line, the massive series of fortifications built by France in the 1930s to defend its borders with Germany and Italy, is perhaps the most maligned collection of fortifications ever built. Despite being a technological marvel, and the most sophisticated and complex set of fortifications built up to that time, it failed to save France from crushing defeat in 1940. Yet there are those who argue that it accomplished exactly what it was designed to do. This book provides a concise and informative treatment of the Maginot Line, from North-East France to the Mediterranean. Packed with plans, contemporary and modern images, plus digital artwork, it presents a detailed visual exploration of this famous fortification system.
The Lines Of Torres Vedras
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Author : John Grehan
language : en
Publisher: Casemate Publishers
Release Date : 2015-11-30
The Lines Of Torres Vedras written by John Grehan and has been published by Casemate Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-30 with History categories.
“This is a well-researched, well-written, closely argued and fascinating contribution to the historiography of the Peninsular War.”—The Spectator In 1809 French armies controlled almost every province of Spain and only Wellington’s small force in Portugal stood between Napoleon and the conquest of Iberia. The French invaded Portugal in the summer of 1810, but found their way blocked by the most extensive field fortifications the world had ever seen—the Lines of Torres Vedras. Unable to penetrate the Lines, the French were driven back into Spain having suffered the heaviest defeat yet experienced by Napoleon’s armies. The retreat from Portugal marked the turning point in the Peninsular War and, from the security of the Lines, Wellington was able to mount the offensive campaigns that swept France’s Imperial armies back across the Pyrenees. The Lines of Torres Vedras is an authoritative account of the planning, construction and occupation of the Lines and of the battles, sieges and horrors of the French invasion. It is also an important study of Wellington’s strategy during the crucial years of the war against Napoleon. “Essential reading for every Peninsula enthusiast, this is recommended highly.”—Military Illustrated
American Defenses Of Corregidor And Manila Bay 1898 1945
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Author : Mark Berhow
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2012-09-20
American Defenses Of Corregidor And Manila Bay 1898 1945 written by Mark Berhow and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-20 with History categories.
The Philippines were declared an American Territory on January 4, 1899, and fortification construction soon began on the islands in the mouth of Manila Bay. Among the sites built were Fort Mills (Corregidor), Fort Frank, and the formidable "concrete battleship" of Fort Drum. The defenses suffered constant Japanese bombardment during World War II, leading to the surrender of American forces. In 1945 the forts were manned by Japanese soldiers determined to hold out to the bitter end. This title details the fortifications of this key strategic location, and considers both their effectiveness and historical importance.