The Maritime Blockade Of Germany In The Great War
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The Maritime Blockade Of Germany In The Great War
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Author : John D. Grainger
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-11-25
The Maritime Blockade Of Germany In The Great War written by John D. Grainger and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-25 with History categories.
The Tenth Cruiser Squadron of the Grand Fleet had the task of patrolling the seas between Scotland and Greenland to intercept enemy ships trying to escape into the ocean and merchant ships who could be carrying goods destined for Germany. This was a task of great political sensitivity, since almost all the ships intercepted were neutrals, and requiring great physical endurance from ships and men in the violent North Atlantic. The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War is a comprehensive collection of the records of the Northern Patrol. It consists of regular reports of the admirals in command, to which are added other relevant official records, and more informal documents. There are the chatty letters of Captain Vivian and HMS Patia, the appalling experiences of young officers placed in barely seaworthy sailing ships to see that they went into port for examination, the patehtic 'mutiny' by a bored, distressed and underpaid black gang, the diary of Able Seaman Style, demonstrating the tedium of the patrol, and the self-satisfied diary of Dr Shaw. There are also the casualities: ships overwhelmed by storms, sunk by enemy action, torpedoed. The ships of the Patrol were perhaps the most constantly active Royal Navy vessels in the Great War, a barely acknowledged yet vital component in the eventual Allied victory
History Of The 22nd Service Battalion
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Author : Christopher Stone
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015-10-15
History Of The 22nd Service Battalion written by Christopher Stone and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-15 with History categories.
Many historians attribute the seemingly sudden collapse of Germany and her Central Powers allies in 1918, not to defeats on the battlefields of the western front, but to the disastrous cumulative effects of the British blockade of Germany's ports and coastline. This massive volume - kept strictly secret until as recently as 1960 - is the official history of the blockade that brought the Kaiser's proud Reich to its knees. Germany, hoping to knock out France and end the war in weeks, was ill prepared for a long conflict in which economic factors would come to play a decisive role. Totally dependent on the import of food and raw materials, Germany was supremely vulnerable to the Royal Navy choking off its lifelines. After the Battle of Jutland in 1916 had confined Germany's High Seas Fleet to port, the tightening blockade became ever more effective, progressively causing the regulation of food prices, rationing, and finally the dreadful 'Turnip Winter' of 1917 in which its hungry population was reduced to eating the eponymous vegetable, and brewing ersatz coffee from acorns. 750,000 Germans starved to death, and the collapse in civilian morale led to social revolution, mutinies in the Fleet and Army, and finally to Germany sueing for armistice terms.As we mark the centenary of the war, this previously restricted and hugely detailed record is of crucial importance to our understanding one of of the vital factors that finally brought Allied victory.
Preparing For Blockade 1885 1914
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Author : Stephen Cobb
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-04-08
Preparing For Blockade 1885 1914 written by Stephen Cobb and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-08 with History categories.
Today, the First World War is remembered chiefly for the carnage of the Western Front, but at the time the Royal Navy's blockade of Germany was a more frequent source of debate. For, even at a time of war, there were influential voices in Britain who baulked at a concept of economic warfare that hindered the free passage of goods on the high seas, and brought German society to the brink of famine. To further our understanding of these issues, this book looks at the background to the blockade, and the effects of its implementation in 1914. It argues that there was a widely shared, but largely unwritten, strategic culture within British naval circles which accepted that in a war with a major maritime power the British response would be to attack enemy trade. This is demonstrated by the fact that from at least the late 1880s the Royal Navy planned for the use of armed merchantmen to enforce an economic blockade of an enemy. This it did by entering into detailed arrangements with major British shipping companies for the design and subsidy of liners with the potential for use as merchant cruisers, and stockpiling their prospective armament. In line with the contemporary, Corbettian, view that seapower depends upon free communications, the book concludes by asserting that the primary role of the Grand Fleet in the First World War was to guarantee the ability of the merchant cruisers on the Northern Patrol to interdict German seaborne trade, rather than to engage in large set-piece battles.
Blockade
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Author : Steve R Dunn
language : en
Publisher: Seaforth Publishing
Release Date : 2016-04-05
Blockade written by Steve R Dunn and has been published by Seaforth Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-05 with History categories.
This WWI naval history vividly tells the story of the Royal Navy’s Northern Blockade and the battles at sea that brought Germany to its knees. At the outbreak of World War I, Britain established a naval blockade that greatly diminished Germany’s access to trade and vital resources. The Northern Blockade brought the German economy to its knees and greatly diminished home front morale. Patrolling the inhospitable waters between Iceland and Scotland, the 10th Cruiser Squadron played a vital role in winning the war on the Western Front. At the same time, the Royal Navy successfully countered Germany’s attacks on British commerce, preventing much suffering in Britain. Drawing on numerous first-hand accounts, Historian Steve Dunn vividly chronicles this long-running battle at sea. Beginning with the blockade’s initial formation, he recounts the changes in strategy on both sides, including the use of converted liners and armed merchant vessels as warships. He also vividly describes the final destruction of German surface vessel commerce warfare, culminating in the hard-fought battle between the raider SMS Leopard and two British warships.
German Submarine Warfare In World War I
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Author : Lawrence Sondhaus
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2017-08-11
German Submarine Warfare In World War I written by Lawrence Sondhaus and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-11 with History categories.
This compelling book explores Germany’s campaign of unrestricted submarine warfare in World War I, which marked the onset of total war at sea. Noted historian Lawrence Sondhaus shows how the undersea campaign, intended as an antidote to Britain’s more conventional blockade of German ports, ultimately brought the United States into the war. Although the German people readily embraced the argument that an “undersea blockade” of Britain enforced by their navy’s Unterseeboote (U-boats) was the moral equivalent of the British navy’s blockade of German ports, international opinion never accepted its legitimacy. Sondhaus explains that in their initial, somewhat confused rollout of unrestricted submarine warfare in 1915, German leaders underestimated the extent to which the policy would alienate the most important neutral power, the United States. In rationalizing the risk of resuming the unrestricted campaign in 1917, they took for granted that, should the United States join the Allies, German U-boats would be able to stop the transport of an American army to France. But by bringing the United States into the war, while also failing to stop the deployment of its troops to Europe, unrestricted submarine warfare ultimately led to Germany’s defeat. Because US manpower proved decisive in breaking the stalemate on the Western Front and securing victory for the Allies, Sondhaus argues that Germany’s decision to stake its fate on the U-boat campaign ranks among the greatest blunders of modern history.
Britain S Economic Blockade Of Germany 1914 1919
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Author : Eric W. Osborne
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2004-06-24
Britain S Economic Blockade Of Germany 1914 1919 written by Eric W. Osborne and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-06-24 with History categories.
Great Britain's economic blockade of Germany in World War I was one of the key elements to the victory of the Entente. Though Britain had been the leading exponent of blockades for two centuries, the World War I blockade was not effective at the outbreak of hostilities. Pre-war changes had led to the Admiralty supplanting the Royal Navy's leadership role in favour of direction from the civilian branch of government on the basis of international law. The struggle between the primacy of international law and military expediency lasted for nearly two years, as the British tried to reconcile their pre-war stance as champion of neutral rights with measures necessary for a successful blockade. Not until 1916 did the operation have the potential to be a decisive factor in the defeat of Germany, when pressure from France, the Royal Navy, Parliament, British popular opinion, and the Admiralty forced the British government to abandon its defence of neutral rights over the interests of the state. The arrival of the United States as an ally in April 1917 initiated the final evolution of the blockade. The Entente and the United States tightened the blockade with crushing effect on Germany, and by November 1918, it was evidently one of the chief factors behind the victory. This knowledge reinforced the decision to retain the blockade in the months following the armistice in order to force favourable terms from Germany. In both the war and in the peace, the economic blockade performed a critical role in World War I.
The Maritime Blockade Of Germany In The Great War
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Author : John D. Grainger
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-11-26
The Maritime Blockade Of Germany In The Great War written by John D. Grainger and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-26 with History categories.
The Tenth Cruiser Squadron of the Grand Fleet had the task of patrolling the seas between Scotland and Greenland to intercept enemy ships trying to escape into the ocean and merchant ships who could be carrying goods destined for Germany. This was a task of great political sensitivity, since almost all the ships intercepted were neutrals, and requiring great physical endurance from ships and men in the violent North Atlantic. The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War is a comprehensive collection of the records of the Northern Patrol. It consists of regular reports of the admirals in command, to which are added other relevant official records, and more informal documents. There are the chatty letters of Captain Vivian and HMS Patia, the appalling experiences of young officers placed in barely seaworthy sailing ships to see that they went into port for examination, the patehtic 'mutiny' by a bored, distressed and underpaid black gang, the diary of Able Seaman Style, demonstrating the tedium of the patrol, and the self-satisfied diary of Dr Shaw. There are also the casualities: ships overwhelmed by storms, sunk by enemy action, torpedoed. The ships of the Patrol were perhaps the most constantly active Royal Navy vessels in the Great War, a barely acknowledged yet vital component in the eventual Allied victory
The First World War 1914 1918
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Author : Gerd Hardach
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 1981
The First World War 1914 1918 written by Gerd Hardach and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with History categories.
Castles Of Steel
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Author : Robert K. Massie
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2013-09-01
Castles Of Steel written by Robert K. Massie and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-01 with History categories.
On the eve of the war in August 1914, Great Britain and Germany possessed the two greatest navies the world had ever seen: two fleets of dreadnoughts – gigantic 'castles of steel' able to hurl massive shells at an enemy miles away – were ready to test their terrible power against each other. They skirmished across the globe before Germany, suffocated by an implacable naval blockade, decided to definitively strike against the British ring of steel. The result was Jutland, a titanic clash of fifty-eight dreadnoughts, each holding of a thousand men. When the German High Seas Fleet retreated, the Kaiser unleashed unrestricted U-boat warfare, which, in its indiscriminate violence, brought a reluctant America into the war: the German effort to "seize the trident" led to the fall of the German empire. Massie's portrayals of Winston Churchill, the British admirals Fisher, Jellicoe, and Beatty, and the Germans Scheer, Hipper, and Tirpitz are stunning in their veracity and artistry.
Castles Of Steel
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Author : Robert K. Massie
language : en
Publisher: Random House
Release Date : 2007
Castles Of Steel written by Robert K. Massie and has been published by Random House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with World War, 1914-1918 categories.
In August 1914 the two greatest navies in the world confronted each other across the North Sea. This is a book about leadership and command, bravery and timidity, genius and folly.