The Metaphysical Nature Of The Non Adequacy Claim
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The Metaphysical Nature Of The Non Adequacy Claim
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Author : Carlotta Piscopo
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-02-01
The Metaphysical Nature Of The Non Adequacy Claim written by Carlotta Piscopo and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Over the last two decades, the field of artificial intelligence has experienced a separation into two schools that hold opposite opinions on how uncertainty should be treated. This separation is the result of a debate that began at the end of the 1960’s when AI first faced the problem of building machines required to make decisions and act in the real world. This debate witnessed the contraposition between the mainstream school, which relied on probability for handling uncertainty, and an alternative school, which criticized the adequacy of probability in AI applications and developed alternative formalisms. The debate has focused on the technical aspects of the criticisms raised against probability while neglecting an important element of contrast. This element is of an epistemological nature, and is therefore exquisitely philosophical. In this book, the historical context in which the debate on probability developed is presented and the key components of the technical criticisms therein are illustrated. By referring to the original texts, the epistemological element that has been neglected in the debate is analyzed in detail. Through a philosophical analysis of the epistemological element it is argued that this element is metaphysical in Popper’s sense. It is shown that this element cannot be tested nor possibly disproved on the basis of experience and is therefore extra-scientific. Ii is established that a philosophical analysis is now compelling in order to both solve the problematic division that characterizes the uncertainty field and to secure the foundations of the field itself.
The Metaphysical Nature Of The Non Adequacy Claim
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Author : Carlotta Piscopo
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-03-21
The Metaphysical Nature Of The Non Adequacy Claim written by Carlotta Piscopo and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-21 with Computers categories.
Over the last two decades, the field of artificial intelligence has experienced a separation into two schools that hold opposite opinions on how uncertainty should be treated. This separation is the result of a debate that began at the end of the 1960’s when AI first faced the problem of building machines required to make decisions and act in the real world. This debate witnessed the contraposition between the mainstream school, which relied on probability for handling uncertainty, and an alternative school, which criticized the adequacy of probability in AI applications and developed alternative formalisms. The debate has focused on the technical aspects of the criticisms raised against probability while neglecting an important element of contrast. This element is of an epistemological nature, and is therefore exquisitely philosophical. In this book, the historical context in which the debate on probability developed is presented and the key components of the technical criticisms therein are illustrated. By referring to the original texts, the epistemological element that has been neglected in the debate is analyzed in detail. Through a philosophical analysis of the epistemological element it is argued that this element is metaphysical in Popper’s sense. It is shown that this element cannot be tested nor possibly disproved on the basis of experience and is therefore extra-scientific. Ii is established that a philosophical analysis is now compelling in order to both solve the problematic division that characterizes the uncertainty field and to secure the foundations of the field itself.
Human Machine Shared Contexts
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Author : William Lawless
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2020-06-10
Human Machine Shared Contexts written by William Lawless and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-10 with Computers categories.
Human-Machine Shared Contexts considers the foundations, metrics, and applications of human-machine systems. Editors and authors debate whether machines, humans, and systems should speak only to each other, only to humans, or to both and how. The book establishes the meaning and operation of “shared contexts between humans and machines; it also explores how human-machine systems affect targeted audiences (researchers, machines, robots, users) and society, as well as future ecosystems composed of humans and machines. This book explores how user interventions may improve the context for autonomous machines operating in unfamiliar environments or when experiencing unanticipated events; how autonomous machines can be taught to explain contexts by reasoning, inferences, or causality, and decisions to humans relying on intuition; and for mutual context, how these machines may interdependently affect human awareness, teams and society, and how these "machines" may be affected in turn. In short, can context be mutually constructed and shared between machines and humans? The editors are interested in whether shared context follows when machines begin to think, or, like humans, develop subjective states that allow them to monitor and report on their interpretations of reality, forcing scientists to rethink the general model of human social behavior. If dependence on machine learning continues or grows, the public will also be interested in what happens to context shared by users, teams of humans and machines, or society when these machines malfunction. As scientists and engineers "think through this change in human terms," the ultimate goal is for AI to advance the performance of autonomous machines and teams of humans and machines for the betterment of society wherever these machines interact with humans or other machines. This book will be essential reading for professional, industrial, and military computer scientists and engineers; machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) scientists and engineers, especially those engaged in research on autonomy, computational context, and human-machine shared contexts; advanced robotics scientists and engineers; scientists working with or interested in data issues for autonomous systems such as with the use of scarce data for training and operations with and without user interventions; social psychologists, scientists and physical research scientists pursuing models of shared context; modelers of the internet of things (IOT); systems of systems scientists and engineers and economists; scientists and engineers working with agent-based models (ABMs); policy specialists concerned with the impact of AI and ML on society and civilization; network scientists and engineers; applied mathematicians (e.g., holon theory, information theory); computational linguists; and blockchain scientists and engineers. Discusses the foundations, metrics, and applications of human-machine systems Considers advances and challenges in the performance of autonomous machines and teams of humans Debates theoretical human-machine ecosystem models and what happens when machines malfunction
Nietzsche As Metaphysician
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Author : Justin Remhof
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2022-11-18
Nietzsche As Metaphysician written by Justin Remhof and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-18 with Philosophy categories.
This book defends the controversial view that Nietzsche is a metaphysician against a long-standing tendency to sever Nietzsche from metaphysical philosophy. Remhof presents a metametaphysical treatment of Nietzsche’s writings to show that for Nietzsche the questions, answers, methods, and subject matters of metaphysical philosophy are not only perfectly legitimate, but also crucial for understanding the world and our place within it. The book examines aspects of Nietzsche’s thought that have received little attention in the literature, including his view of what makes metaphysics possible; his metaphysics of science; his naturalized metaphysics; how he appeals to the intuitions of readers; how he employs a priori reasoning; how he uses metaphysical grounding explanations; and how metaphysics is intertwined with topics central to his philosophical thinking, including his understanding of becoming, ethics, nihilism, life, perspective, amor fati, and eternal recurrence. Nietzsche as Metaphysician will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working on Nietzsche and the history of metaphysics.
The Oxford Handbook Of German Philosophy In The Nineteenth Century
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Author : Michael N. Forster
language : en
Publisher: Oxford Handbooks
Release Date : 2015
The Oxford Handbook Of German Philosophy In The Nineteenth Century written by Michael N. Forster and has been published by Oxford Handbooks this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Philosophy categories.
No period of history has been richer in philosophical discoveries than Germany during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. And while it was the eighteenth century that saw Germany attain maturity in the discipline (above all in the works of Immanuel Kant), it was arguably the nineteenth century that bore the greatest philosophical fruits. This Handbook provides a comprehensive introduction to the philosophy of nineteenth-century Germany that will be helpful to readers of very different sorts, all the way from laymen to undergraduates to experts. The volume is divided into four parts. The first Part explores individual philosophers, including Fichte, Hegel, Kierkegaard, and Nietzsche, amongst other great thinkers of the period. The second addresses key philosophical movements: Idealism, Romanticism, Neo-Kantianism, and Existentialism. The essays in the third Part engage with different areas of philosophy that received particular attention at this time, including philosophy of nature and of science, philosophy of mind and language, the philosophy of education, and the relationship between philosophy and science, orWissenschaft (a German term that is famously less narrowly restricted to natural science and disciplines modeled on it than its English counterpart). Finally, the contributors turn to discuss central philosophical topics, from skepticism to materialism, from dialectics to ideas of historical and cultural Otherness, and from the reception of antiquity to atheism. Nineteenth-century German philosophy made important contributions to virtually all areas of philosophy that are still distinguished in academic philosophy departments today. Written by a team of leading experts,The Oxford Handbook of German Philosophy in the Nineteenth Century is the first collective critical study of this great period in intellectual history. It will be an essential resource for anyone working in the area, and will lead the direction of future research.
The Implications Of Evolution For Metaphysics
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Author : David Gordon
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2023
The Implications Of Evolution For Metaphysics written by David Gordon and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with Philosophy categories.
It is a central claim of the New Atheists that evolutionary theory disproves theism and demonstrates the truth of metaphysical naturalism. This book examines this claim and explores the implications of evolutionary theory for metaphysics.
Petrified Intelligence
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Author : Alison Stone
language : en
Publisher: State University of New York Press
Release Date : 2012-02-01
Petrified Intelligence written by Alison Stone and has been published by State University of New York Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-01 with Philosophy categories.
Petrified Intelligence offers the first comprehensive treatment of Hegel's Philosophy of Nature, exploring its central place within his system, including its relation to his Logic, Philosophy of Mind, and moral and political thought. It highlights the contemporary relevance of Hegel's approach to nature, particularly with respect to environmental issues. Challenging the standard view that Hegel devalues nature relative to mind and culture, Alison Stone reveals the deep concern to re-enchant the natural world that pervades his entire philosophical project. Written in clear and nontechnical language, the book also provides a critical introduction to Hegel's metaphysics.
Human Nature After Darwin
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Author : Janet Radcliffe Richards
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2000
Human Nature After Darwin written by Janet Radcliffe Richards and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
A clear introduction to the implications of the Darwinian revolution for our understanding of human nature. Fosters skills in thinking about human nature and critical discussion of Darwin's arguments and those of his key commentators.
Nietzsche S Theory Of Knowledge
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Author : Ruediger Hermann Grimm
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 1977
Nietzsche S Theory Of Knowledge written by Ruediger Hermann Grimm and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Philosophy categories.
The series presents outstanding monographic interpretations of Nietzsche's work as a whole or of specific themes and aspects. These works are written mostly from a philosophical, literary, communication science, sociological or historical perspective. The publications reflect the current state of research on Nietzsche's philosophy, on his sources, and on the influence of his writings. The volumes are peer-reviewed.
Reshaping Philosophy Michael Boylan S Narrative Fiction
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Author : Wanda Teays
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-05-25
Reshaping Philosophy Michael Boylan S Narrative Fiction written by Wanda Teays and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-25 with Philosophy categories.
This volume offers original essays exploring what ‘fictive narrative philosophy’ might mean in the research and teaching of philosophy. The first part of the book presents theoretical essays that examine Boylan’s recent books: Teaching Ethics with Three Philosophical Novels and Fictive Narrative Philosophy: How Literature can Act as Philosophy. The second and third part offer essays on how Boylan executes his theory in the practice within his novels from his two series De Anima and Archē. The book clearly shows the unique aspects of the fictive narrative philosophy approach. First, it makes story-telling accessible to wide audiences. Second, story-telling techniques invoke devices that can set out complicated existential problems to the reader that offer an additional approach to thorny problems through the presentation of lived experience. Third, the discussion of these devices is a way to explore philosophical problems in a way that many can profit from. The book concludes with an essay in which Boylan responds to the critical challenges set out in Part One and the practical criticism set out in Parts Two and Three. Boylan addresses the key claims made by his objectors and defends his position. He engages with the authors in the way his theory is matched against his actual novels. This is useful reading for both philosophers and professors of literature teaching introductory as well as upper-level courses in the fields of philosophy, literature and criticism.