The Moral Background
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The Moral Background
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Author : Gabriel Abend
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2016-05-31
The Moral Background written by Gabriel Abend and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-31 with Business & Economics categories.
In recent years, many disciplines have become interested in the scientific study of morality. However, a conceptual framework for this work is still lacking. In The Moral Background, Gabriel Abend develops just such a framework and uses it to investigate the history of business ethics in the United States from the 1850s to the 1930s. According to Abend, morality consists of three levels: moral and immoral behavior, or the behavioral level; moral understandings and norms, or the normative level; and the moral background, which includes what moral concepts exist in a society, what moral methods can be used, what reasons can be given, and what objects can be morally evaluated at all. This background underlies the behavioral and normative levels; it supports, facilitates, and enables them. Through this perspective, Abend historically examines the work of numerous business ethicists and organizations—such as Protestant ministers, business associations, and business schools—and identifies two types of moral background. "Standards of Practice" is characterized by its scientific worldview, moral relativism, and emphasis on individuals' actions and decisions. The "Christian Merchant" type is characterized by its Christian worldview, moral objectivism, and conception of a person's life as a unity. The Moral Background offers both an original account of the history of business ethics and a novel framework for understanding and investigating morality in general.
The Background And Context Of Moral Libertarianism
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Author : TaraElla
language : en
Publisher: TaraElla
Release Date : 2021-08-14
The Background And Context Of Moral Libertarianism written by TaraElla and has been published by TaraElla this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-14 with Philosophy categories.
In our moral system, the post-Enlightenment Western moral system, it is generally held that people should be entirely responsible for their own actions. Indeed, I would argue that, if this principle does not hold, our whole moral system would collapse. The Moral Libertarian principle of Equal Moral Agency for every individual is a principle derived from the individual accountability requirements of the Western moral system, and seeks to prevent lack of moral accountability. Given our individualistic moral code, I believe this is the only way to ensure morality is upheld. This mean that, compared to all other available options, liberalism is still the most morally sound path for Western democratic societies going forward, and most likely to get us to the best resolution for the controversial social issues we face. The aim of this book is to illustrate more clearly the background and context in which I derived my Moral Libertarian ideas. I believe that, to truly understand an idea, we must understand its context, so that we don't take its application out of context.
The Origin And Development Of The Moral Ideas
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Author : Edward Westermarck
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
The Origin And Development Of The Moral Ideas written by Edward Westermarck and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Moral conditions categories.
Ethics
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Author : Kropotkin Kropotkin
language : en
Publisher: Black Rose Books Ltd.
Release Date : 2021-02-15
Ethics written by Kropotkin Kropotkin and has been published by Black Rose Books Ltd. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-15 with Philosophy categories.
Ethics is the swan song of the great humanitarian scientist and anarchist, Peter Kropotkin. It constitutes, as it were, the crowning work and the resume of all his scientific, philosophical, and sociological views, at which he arrived in the course of his long and unusually rich life. Starting with the moral principle in nature, to the moral conceptions of primitive peoples, Kropotkin traces the development of moral teachings from Ancient Greece, Christianity and the Middle Ages, through to the 19th century philosophers. In this way, Ethics gives answers to two fundamental problems of morality: its origin and historical development, and its goals and standards. A realist and a revolutionist, Kropotkin regarded ethics not as an abstract science of human conduct, but as a concrete scientific discipline, whose object it was to inspire people in their practical activities. According to his theory, mutual aid, justice and self-sacrifice are the three elements of morality and these elements lie at the basis of human ethics. He held that ethics should be one and the same for all people - that no matter what class or party one might belong, we were all, first of all, human beings. In his introduction, George Woodcock, a great humanitarian in his own right, describes the background from out of which Kropotkin was moved to write this unforgettable work. He introduces the reader, not only to the political and social climate, but also to the man and his innermost concerns. Ethics is the 8th volume of The Collected Works of Peter Kropotkin, published by Black Rose Books.
Foundations Of Morality
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Author : George Frankl
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Foundations Of Morality written by George Frankl and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Ethics categories.
Frankl examines the role of moral concepts in the life of societies and points to the interaction between neurotic and psychotic disturbances in individuals and the pathologies which periodically overwhelm societies. moral values in the civilisation of the West and an upsurge of antisocial, destructive behaviour. When the moral directives upheld by a culture cease to be convincing, anti-moral attitudes of defiance will arise and an increasing number of people turn to crime, violence and murder, and an unrestrained self-interest and greed, with a profound weakening of social conscience, will dominate the fabric of societies.
The Moral Landscape
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Author : Sam Harris
language : en
Publisher: Random House
Release Date : 2011-06-30
The Moral Landscape written by Sam Harris and has been published by Random House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-30 with Philosophy categories.
Sam Harris's first book, The End of Faith, ignited a worldwide debate about the validity of religion. In the aftermath, Harris discovered that most people - from religious fundamentalists to nonbelieving scientists - agree on one point: science has nothing to say on the subject of human values. Indeed, our failure to address questions of meaning and morality through science has now become the primary justification for religious faith. In this highly controversial book, Sam Harris seeks to link morality to the rest of human knowledge. Defining morality in terms of human and animal well-being, Harris argues that science can do more than tell how we are; it can, in principle, tell us how we ought to be. In his view, moral relativism is simply false - and comes at an increasing cost to humanity. And the intrusions of religion into the sphere of human values can be finally repelled: for just as there is no such thing as Christian physics or Muslim algebra, there can be no Christian or Muslim morality. Using his expertise in philosophy and neuroscience, along with his experience on the front lines of our 'culture wars', Harris delivers a game-changing book about the future of science and about the real basis of human cooperation.
Elements Of Morals
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Author : Paul Janet
language : en
Publisher: Good Press
Release Date : 2019-12-18
Elements Of Morals written by Paul Janet and has been published by Good Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-18 with Fiction categories.
Elements of Morals by Paul Janet is an essay about the complexities of morality inherent in the American judicial system. Contents: "I. Preliminary Notions, Division of Duties, General Principles of Social Morality, Duties of Justice, Duties toward Human Life, Duties Concerning the Property of Others, Duties toward the Liberty and the Honor of Others.—Justice, Distributive and Remunerative.—Equity, —Duties of Charity and Self-Sacrifice..."
The Moral Structure Of Legal Obligation
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Author : John-Michael Kuczynski
language : en
Publisher: John-Michael Kuczynski
Release Date :
The Moral Structure Of Legal Obligation written by John-Michael Kuczynski and has been published by John-Michael Kuczynski this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Philosophy categories.
What are laws, and do they necessarily have any basis in morality? The present work argues that laws are governmental assurances of protections of rights and that concepts of law and legal obligation must therefore be understood in moral terms. There are, of course, many immoral laws. But once certain basic truths are taken into account – in particular, that moral principles have a “dimension of weight”, to use an expression of Ronald Dworkin’s, and also that principled relations are not always expressed by perfect statistical concomitances – the existence of iniquitous laws poses no significant threat to a moralistic analysis of law. Special attention is paid to the debate between Ronald Dworkin and H.L.A. Hart. Dworkin’s over-all position is argued to be correct, but issue is taken with his argument for that position. Hart’s analysis is found to be vitiated by an impoverished conception of morality and also of the nature of government. Our analysis of law enables us to answer three questions that, at this juncture of history, are of special importance: Are there international laws? If not, could such laws exist? And if they could exist, would their existence necessarily be desirable? The answers to these questions are, respectively: “no”, “yes”, and “no.” Our analysis of law enables us to hold onto the presumption that so-called legal interpretation is a principled endeavor, and that some legal interpretations are truer to existing laws than others. At the same time, it accommodates the obvious fact that the sense in which a physicist interprets meter-readings, or in which a physician interprets a patient’s symptoms, is different from the sense in which judges interpret the law. So our analysis of law enables us to avoid the extreme views that have thus far dominated debates concerning the nature of legal interpretation. On the one hand, it becomes possible to avoid the cynical view (held by the so-called “legal realists”) that legal interpretation is mere legislation and that no legal interpretation is more correct than any other. On the other hand, it becomes possible to avoid Blackstone’s view (rightly descried by Austin as a “childish fiction”) that judges merely discover, and do not create, the law.
The Theory Of Morality
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Author : Alan Donagan
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2014-12-10
The Theory Of Morality written by Alan Donagan and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-10 with Philosophy categories.
"Let us . . . nominate this the most important theoretical work on ethical or moral theory since John Rawls's Theory of Justice. If you have philosophical inclinations and want a good workout, this conscientious scrutiny of moral assumptions and expressions will be most rewarding. Donagan explores ways of acting in the Hebrew-Christian context, examines them in the light of natural law and rational theories, and proposes that formal patterns for conduct can emerge. All this is tightly reasoned, the argument is packed, but the language is clear."—Christian Century "The man value of this book seems to me to be that it shows the force of the Hebrew-Christian moral tradition in the hands of a creative philosopher. Throughout the book, one cannot but feel that a serious philosopher is trying to come to terms with his religious-moral background and to defend it against the prevailing secular utilitarian position which seems to dominate academic philosophy."—Bernard Gert, Journal of Medicine and Philosophy
The Moral Brain
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Author : Jan Verplaetse
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-08-21
The Moral Brain written by Jan Verplaetse and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-08-21 with Medical categories.
Scientists no longer accept the existence of a distinct moral organ as phrenologists once did. A generation of young neurologists is using advanced technological medical equipment to unravel specific brain processes enabling moral cognition. In addition, evolutionary psychologists have formulated hypotheses about the origins and nature of our moral architecture. Little by little, the concept of a ‘moral brain’ is reinstated. As the crossover between disciplines focusing on moral cognition was rather limited up to now, this book aims at filling the gap. Which evolutionary biological hypotheses provide a useful framework for starting new neurological research? How can brain imaging be used to corroborate hypotheses concerning the evolutionary background of our species? In this reader, a broad range of prominent scientists and philosophers shed their expert view on the current accomplishments and future challenges in the field of moral cognition and assess how cooperation between neurology and evolutionary psychology can boost research into the field of the moral brain.