The Neuron In Context
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The Neuron In Context
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Author : Vanessa Lux
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2024-04-26
The Neuron In Context written by Vanessa Lux and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-26 with Psychology categories.
Neuroscience has largely abandoned its localizationist and mechanistic framework of the 20th century. The plastic, embodied, and network character of our nervous system is widely acknowledged and systems theory approaches to consciousness dominate the field. However, the underlying neuron theory has not changed. The neuron doctrine, conceptualizing the single neuron as atomistic, one-directional source of neural function, still provides the template for our understanding of these basic elements of our nervous system and the material foundation of consciousness. Yet, the single neuron does not exist as an isolated unit. It is embedded within multiple cellular, structural, and functional contexts, and highly depends on them for its development, neural activity, and survival. The book discusses the constraints of the neuron doctrine and its pragmatic reductionism in the light of the growing knowledge about the brain’s connectivity, plasticity, and systemic and embodied nature. To overcome these constraints, the author argues for a new neuron theory, depicting the neuron as bidirectional hub which is at the same time source and product of neural function. This bidirectionality is further characterized by spatial and time dimensions, placing the neuron within a multi-level pathway model of psychobiological development from the perspective of Developmental Embodiment Research. Furthermore, the author discusses the potential of neuroepigenetic markers to characterize the neuron and its range of plasticity within this developmental perspective.With its focus on neuroepigenetics, the book addresses a knowledge gap in the current study of the neural foundations of psychological functions. The multi-level and bidirectional perspective is already realized in approaches coming from developmental systems theory, which model neural function at the connectome level, and it also fits with approaches investigating feedback loops underlying neural activity at the single cell level. At both these levels, the spatial and the time dimensions are well characterized, either as changing connectivity patterns across different age groups, or as synaptic feedback loops underlying neural activation patterns. However, for the intermediate level of small neural populations, which is currently the main target for studies investigating the neural basis of specific psychological functions, this characterization turned out to be more challenging. Multi-cell recordings have provided a first glimpse into the complex interaction patterns of these small neural networks, but they are limited to the recording period and do not provide information about the long-term developmental and activation history. Here, neuroepigenetic markers could be of use. Due to their relative stability and, at the same time, environmental sensitivity, neuroepigenetic markers represent an additional layer of information in which, to a certain degree, the cell’s metabolic and activation history is aggregated over time. This information is available at the single neuron level but could also be modeled as aggregated information for small neural populations and the supporting cellular context. Looking through this “epigenetic lens” adds to our understanding of the neuron as bidirectional hub by emphasizing the molecular correlates of functional stabilization and their contextual prerequisites. These prerequisites reach from the immediate cellular context to the social-cultural contexts which shape the culturally specific modes of acquisition of psychological functions throughout the lifespan. Accounting for this multilayered contextuality of the neuron and its function affords to repositions the relationship between neuroscience and psychology in their joint effort to unravel the material basis of consciousness. This provides new challenges but also new perspectives for theoretical psychology. The book presents these current developments and debates to researchers, graduate students, and interested professionals and practitioners working in neuroscience, epigenetics, psychiatry, psychology and psychotherapy. It also provides a basic introduction into neuroepigenetics, its mechanisms, and first findings for graduate students as well as interested professionals and practitioners working in psychiatry, psychology, and psychotherapy.
Multivariate Statistical Machine Learning Methods For Genomic Prediction
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Author : Osval Antonio Montesinos López
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-02-14
Multivariate Statistical Machine Learning Methods For Genomic Prediction written by Osval Antonio Montesinos López and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-14 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license This open access book brings together the latest genome base prediction models currently being used by statisticians, breeders and data scientists. It provides an accessible way to understand the theory behind each statistical learning tool, the required pre-processing, the basics of model building, how to train statistical learning methods, the basic R scripts needed to implement each statistical learning tool, and the output of each tool. To do so, for each tool the book provides background theory, some elements of the R statistical software for its implementation, the conceptual underpinnings, and at least two illustrative examples with data from real-world genomic selection experiments. Lastly, worked-out examples help readers check their own comprehension.The book will greatly appeal to readers in plant (and animal) breeding, geneticists and statisticians, as it provides in a very accessible way the necessary theory, the appropriate R code, and illustrative examples for a complete understanding of each statistical learning tool. In addition, it weighs the advantages and disadvantages of each tool.
The Cooperative Neuron
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Author : William A. Phillips
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2023-03-16
The Cooperative Neuron written by William A. Phillips and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-03-16 with Science categories.
The Cooperative Neuron is part of a revolution that is occurring in the sciences of brain and mind. It explores the new field of cellular psychology, a field built upon the recent discovery that many neurons in the brain cooperate to seek agreement in deciding what's relevant in the current context. This cooperative context-sensitivity provides the cellular foundations for knowledge, doubt, imagination, self-development, and the search for purpose in life. This emerging field has far-reaching and fundamental implications for psychology, neuroscience, psychiatry, neurology, and the philosophy of mind. In a clear and accessible style, the book explains the neuroscience to psychologists, the psychology to neuroscientists, and both to philosophers, students of the behavioral and brain sciences, and to anyone intrigued by the enduring mystery of how brains can be minds.
The Computing Neuron
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Author : Richard Durbin
language : en
Publisher: Addison Wesley Publishing Company
Release Date : 1989
The Computing Neuron written by Richard Durbin and has been published by Addison Wesley Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Computers categories.
This book provides an overview of recent developments in biological neuroscience and artificial neural networks. Based on a selection of work presented to a meeting on The Neuron as a Computational Unit held in Cambridge in 1988, it brings together the work of leading scientists in neurophysiology and computational neuroscience.
Stochastic Neuron Models
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Author : Priscilla E. Greenwood
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-02-02
Stochastic Neuron Models written by Priscilla E. Greenwood and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-02 with Mathematics categories.
This book describes a large number of open problems in the theory of stochastic neural systems, with the aim of enticing probabilists to work on them. This includes problems arising from stochastic models of individual neurons as well as those arising from stochastic models of the activities of small and large networks of interconnected neurons. The necessary neuroscience background to these problems is outlined within the text, so readers can grasp the context in which they arise. This book will be useful for graduate students and instructors providing material and references for applying probability to stochastic neuron modeling. Methods and results are presented, but the emphasis is on questions where additional stochastic analysis may contribute neuroscience insight. An extensive bibliography is included. Dr. Priscilla E. Greenwood is a Professor Emerita in the Department of Mathematics at the University of British Columbia. Dr. Lawrence M. Ward is a Professor in the Department of Psychology and the Brain Research Centre at the University of British Columbia.
The Neural Foundation Of Experience
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Author : David LaBerge
language : en
Publisher: Dorrance Publishing
Release Date : 2020-11-02
The Neural Foundation Of Experience written by David LaBerge and has been published by Dorrance Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-02 with Medical categories.
The Neural Foundation of Experience By: David LaBerge The Neural Foundation of Experience is about neurons in the brain, and how some neurons make it possible for us to think about taking a walk in the park, and other neurons enable us to enjoy a walk in the park. Most of us are familiar with the “thinking” neurons, because they are like the “information-in and information-out” devices on the circuit board of a computer. But, unlike the computer, our brains also contain many other neurons which enable us to enjoy (savor) food, the sounds of music, and gazing at the face of a special person. These savoring neurons vibrate electrically instead of processing information. A drawing of the vibrating neuron is shown on the front cover of this book. Although this book discusses issues at the leading edge of neuroscience, the book is aimed at readers who have not taken introductory courses in biology, neuroscience, or psychology. Technical language is avoided wherever possible and I have included many illustrations to aid the understanding of ideas that may be unfamiliar to the reader.
Computational Science Iccs 2004
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Author : Marian Bubak
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2004-05-24
Computational Science Iccs 2004 written by Marian Bubak and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-05-24 with Computers categories.
The International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS 2004) held in Krak ́ ow, Poland, June 6–9, 2004, was a follow-up to the highly successful ICCS 2003 held at two locations, in Melbourne, Australia and St. Petersburg, Russia; ICCS 2002 in Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and ICCS 2001 in San Francisco, USA. As computational science is still evolving in its quest for subjects of inves- gation and e?cient methods, ICCS 2004 was devised as a forum for scientists from mathematics and computer science, as the basic computing disciplines and application areas, interested in advanced computational methods for physics, chemistry, life sciences, engineering, arts and humanities, as well as computer system vendors and software developers. The main objective of this conference was to discuss problems and solutions in all areas, to identify new issues, to shape future directions of research, and to help users apply various advanced computational techniques. The event harvested recent developments in com- tationalgridsandnextgenerationcomputingsystems,tools,advancednumerical methods, data-driven systems, and novel application ?elds, such as complex - stems, ?nance, econo-physics and population evolution.
Artificial Neural Networks Icann 2008
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Author : Vera Kůrková
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-08-25
Artificial Neural Networks Icann 2008 written by Vera Kůrková and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-08-25 with Computers categories.
This two volume set LNCS 5163 and LNCS 5164 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, ICANN 2008, held in Prague Czech Republic, in September 2008. The 200 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from more than 300 submissions. The first volume contains papers on mathematical theory of neurocomputing, learning algorithms, kernel methods, statistical learning and ensemble techniques, support vector machines, reinforcement learning, evolutionary computing, hybrid systems, self-organization, control and robotics, signal and time series processing and image processing.
Biomimetic And Biohybrid Systems
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Author : Fabian Meder
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-07-31
Biomimetic And Biohybrid Systems written by Fabian Meder and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-31 with Computers categories.
This book constitutes the proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Biomimetic and Biohybrid Systems, Living Machines 2022, in Genoa, Italy, held in July 19-22, 2022. The 44 full papers and 14 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 67 submissions. They deal with research on novel life-like technologies inspired by the scientific investigation of biological systems, biomimetics, and research that seeks to interface biological and artificial systems to create biohybrid systems. The conference aims to highlight the most exciting research in both fields united by the theme of "Living Machines."br/ppChapters 3, 9, 11, 12, and 15 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Decision Neuroscience
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Author : Jean-Claude Dreher
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2016-09-27
Decision Neuroscience written by Jean-Claude Dreher and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-27 with Medical categories.
Decision Neuroscience addresses fundamental questions about how the brain makes perceptual, value-based, and more complex decisions in non-social and social contexts. This book presents compelling neuroimaging, electrophysiological, lesional, and neurocomputational models in combination with hormonal and genetic approaches, which have led to a clearer understanding of the neural mechanisms behind how the brain makes decisions. The five parts of the book address distinct but inter-related topics and are designed to serve both as classroom introductions to major subareas in decision neuroscience and as advanced syntheses of all that has been accomplished in the last decade. Part I is devoted to anatomical, neurophysiological, pharmacological, and optogenetics animal studies on reinforcement-guided decision making, such as the representation of instructions, expectations, and outcomes; the updating of action values; and the evaluation process guiding choices between prospective rewards. Part II covers the topic of the neural representations of motivation, perceptual decision making, and value-based decision making in humans, combining neurcomputational models and brain imaging studies. Part III focuses on the rapidly developing field of social decision neuroscience, integrating recent mechanistic understanding of social decisions in both non-human primates and humans. Part IV covers clinical aspects involving disorders of decision making that link together basic research areas including systems, cognitive, and clinical neuroscience; this part examines dysfunctions of decision making in neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia, behavioral addictions, and focal brain lesions. Part V focuses on the roles of various hormones (cortisol, oxytocin, ghrelin/leptine) and genes that underlie inter-individual differences observed with stress, food choices, and social decision-making processes. The volume is essential reading for anyone interested in decision making neuroscience. With contributions that are forward-looking assessments of the current and future issues faced by researchers, Decision Neuroscience is essential reading for anyone interested in decision-making neuroscience. Provides comprehensive coverage of approaches to studying individual and social decision neuroscience, including primate neurophysiology, brain imaging in healthy humans and in various disorders, and genetic and hormonal influences on decision making Covers multiple levels of analysis, from molecular mechanisms to neural-systems dynamics and computational models of how we make choices Discusses clinical implications of process dysfunctions, including schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease, eating disorders, drug addiction, and pathological gambling Features chapters from top international researchers in the field and full-color presentation throughout with numerous illustrations to highlight key concepts