The Nexus Between Poverty And Corruption
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The Nexus Between Poverty And Corruption
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Author : Pregala Pillay
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2023-08-21
The Nexus Between Poverty And Corruption written by Pregala Pillay and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-21 with Political Science categories.
This book focuses on and analyses the multi-layered, multi-faceted, complex and complicated corruption phenomenon that undermines inter alia democracy, government, governance, development, rule of law, and accountability; how it harms a country’s reputation, deters trade and investment; distorts markets and the performance of economies and has negative effects on the environment for the present and the future generation while detailing the profound consequences for society, especially the poor and marginalised, by violating trust, human rights and increasing inequality. Corruption and poverty have become endemic evils in Africa and there is no blueprint solution for them, given the varying situations and conditions across the continent. This book proposes a holistic, all-inclusive, and multi-thronged approach to the corruption and poverty epidemic targeting Africa. This collection of chapters will be of interest to students and academics alike.
The Nexus Between Poverty And Corruption
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Author : Pregala Pillay
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023-06
The Nexus Between Poverty And Corruption written by Pregala Pillay and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-06 with categories.
This book focuses on and analyses the multi-layered, multi-faceted, complex and complicated corruption phenomenon that undermines inter alia democracy, government, governance, development, rule of law, and accountability; how it harms a country's reputation, deters trade and investment; distorts markets and the performance of economies and has negative effects on the environment for the present and the future generation while detailing the profound consequences for society, especially the poor and marginalised, by violating trust, human rights and increasing inequality. Corruption and poverty have become endemic evils in Africa and there is no blueprint solution for them, given the varying situations and conditions across the continent. This book proposes a holistic, all-inclusive, and multi-thronged approach to the corruption and poverty epidemic targeting Africa. This collection of chapters will be of interest to students and academics alike.
The Poverty Of Corrupt Nations
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Author : Roy Cullen
language : en
Publisher: Dundurn
Release Date : 2008-05-27
The Poverty Of Corrupt Nations written by Roy Cullen and has been published by Dundurn this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-05-27 with Philosophy categories.
The fight to eliminate world poverty is being severely hampered by corrupt leaders in developing countries. According to the African Union, some $150 billion is lost every year to corruption in Africa. In China, it is estimated corruption diminishes the annual value of gross domestic product by 15%. The pattern repeats itself elsewhere. This bleak situation compounds the poverty problem even more because donor countries are justifiably reluctant to support jurisdictions whose leaders are known to be corrupt, ignoring their citizens’ needs while stealing and laundering public funds for private use. What development does occur in chronically corrupt nations is often poorly planned and environmentally unsustainable, since the private gain of corrupt politicians and officials takes precedence over the implementation of sound development strategies. Likewise, bureaucratic corruption also results in the compromising of worker and consumer safety after all, a bribe costs less than obeying the law. And it is the poor who really pay the true cost of corruption. The Poverty of Corrupt Nations is a straightforward, easy-to-read exposition of the nature and scope of global corruption and money laundering, explaining the impact of recent troubling corruption trends on the public-at-large and public policy makers. Specifically, Cullen examines the links between world poverty, corruption, terrorism, global migration patterns, and money laundering. Constructively, Cullen then outlines a practical 20-point program to increase transparency and accountability in governments and parliaments around the world and break this cycle of corruption and poverty.
Corruption And Human Development In Africa
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Author : Jacques P. Nguemegne
language : en
Publisher: Xlibris Corporation
Release Date : 2011-11-09
Corruption And Human Development In Africa written by Jacques P. Nguemegne and has been published by Xlibris Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-09 with Social Science categories.
This study is, to the authors knowledge, the fi rst empirical cross-country analysis of the relationship between corruption and human development (HD) in Africa. In most African countries the current state of HD is critically poor. In spite of two decades of democratization and substantial economic growth or stability corruption has become endemic and tends to adversely affect HD conditions and needs. Using a pooledcross- section-across time-design and a sample of 40 African countries over many years (2003 2007) and based on an OLS Analysis, this study attempts an empirical examination of the association between corruption and HD in Africa, while holding constant economic growth, government socioeconomic or welfare expenditures and political system and, controlling for some major internal and external economic variables. As found, corruption adversely affects human development in Africa. Overall, based on the main study model (Model 1) a unit increase in the corruption level (CPI) on a scale of 1 to 10 will cause a .48 percent decrease in the state of HD (HDI).The relationship between corruption and HD is however non-linear: using Model 3 which incorporate a square term of corruption, it was found that at and below 4.577 RCPI (i.e. 5.42 normal CPI) corruptions is likely to positively affect HD whereas at and above 4.577 RCPI corruption rather tends to adversely affect HD with an increasing return. Besides, it was also found, using Model 2 which incorporates an interaction term of corruption and political system, that democratization has deceived scientists theoretical projections and peoples political expectations of the 1990s. Democracy has not improved HD in Africa. Both non-and partly democratic (i.e., authoritarian) and democratic political systems adversely affect HD. The adverse impact of corruption on HD is even worse in the latter systems. After checking for the main effect (Model 2) it appears that, as corruption increases by one unit, HD decreases by 9.48 percent in African countries with authoritarian systems. In contrast , the same one unit increase in corruption will have an additional 5.23 percent decrease in the HD of African countries with a democratic system. This study brings new insights about public policies ineffectiveness and failures to satisfy increasing HD needs in Africa. It throws new lights on the relationship existing between economic growth, democracy and corruption and HD. It suggests some policy reforms which could improve the state of HD in Africa. Overall, it is an important contribution to the theoretical and empirical body of administrative theory and knowledge.
Foreign Aid Corruption Nexus In Cambodia Its Consequences On The Propensity Of Civil War
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Author : Sopheada Phy
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2010-02
Foreign Aid Corruption Nexus In Cambodia Its Consequences On The Propensity Of Civil War written by Sopheada Phy and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-02 with categories.
Master's Thesis from the year 2009 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict Studies, Security, grade: A, University for Peace (Department of Peace and Conflict Studies), course: International Peace Studies, language: English, abstract: Contemporary Cambodia is most likely best known for two things, aid dependency and corruption. The thesis initially seeks to examine the nexus between foreign aid and corruption in Cambodia since 1993, the time when a huge influx of foreign aid injected into the country following the withdrawal of UNTAC, then explores if the correlation of the two encourages the propensity of civil war, and ultimately analyzes if the onset of civil war is attainable in the case that the propensity of civil war is feasible. Drawing from the analysis, the thesis concludes that "Foreign aid, particularly loans, indirectly instigates civil war by partly generating corruption, particularly political corruption, because corruption makes aid ineffective in contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction, while encourages huge economic inequality and chronic poverty, which makes Cambodia more vulnerable and prone to civil war". However, the civil war in Cambodia is manifested or not depends on the motivation and initiative to be resisted and the means of financing the resistant group. Given the status quo of Cambodia, it is possible that the prominent opposition groups such as the opposition political parties can initiate the resistant movement; but it seems improbable. Concerning the ways of financing the rebel movement, by applying the Collier and Hoeffler Model of Civil War, although the opportunity of recruiting the members of the rebel group, the given natural geography, and the cohesion of the movement seems merely attainable, the way of financing the rebellion, through three fundamental means-extortion from the primary commodities-natural resources, donation from diaspora, and subvention from hostile government
Exploring The Link Between Poverty And Human Rights In Africa
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Author : Edited by Ebenezer Durojaye and Gladys Mirugi-Mukundi
language : en
Publisher: Pretoria University Law Press
Release Date : 2020-01-01
Exploring The Link Between Poverty And Human Rights In Africa written by Edited by Ebenezer Durojaye and Gladys Mirugi-Mukundi and has been published by Pretoria University Law Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-01 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
About the publication This book addresses poverty, one of the important issues confronting Africa, from a multi-disciplinary approach. With contributions from eminent scholars from diverse backgrounds, the book explores poverty from a human rights perspective. Its central message is that poverty is not necessarily a failure on the part of an individual, but rather caused by the actions or inactions of governments, which are often exacerbated by structural inequalities in many African societies. This in turn requires a more pragmatic approach grounded in respect for human rights. Exploring the link between poverty and human rights in Africa will be useful to researchers, policymakers, students, activists and others interested in addressing poverty. Table of Contents PREFACE viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS x CONTRIBUTORS xi 1. General introduction to poverty and human rights in Africa Ebenezer Durojaye & Gladys Mirugi-Mukundi 1 Introduction 2 Understanding poverty 3 Nexus between poverty and human rights 4 Significance of this book 4.1 The relevance 5 Overview of the book 5.1 Section I: Trends and incidence of poverty in Africa 5.2 Section II: Poverty and socio-economic rights 5.3 Section III: Poverty and vulnerable groups 5.4 Section IV: Poverty and access to justice 2. Integrating a human rights approach to food security in national plans and budgets: The South African National Development Plan Julian May 1 Introduction 2 Human rights and food security 3 Development planning and human rights 4 The components of budgeting for human rights 4.1 Diagnostic analysis 4.2 Identifying interventions and budget prioritisation 4.3 Estimating the financial costs of achieving food security 4.5 Estimating social and economic benefits 5 Public expenditure management for food security 5.1 Fiscal and monetary policy 5.2 Multi-year budgeting 6 Conclusion 3. Is South Africa winning the war on poverty and inequality? What do the available statistics tell us? Emmanuel Sekyere, Steven Gordon, Gary Pienaar & Narnia Bohler-Muller 1 Introduction 1.1 Income inequality in South Africa 2 Poverty and human development trends in South Africa 2.1 South African Social Attitudes Survey: Perceptions of poverty 2.2 Human development 3 Access to services 4 Addressing social inequality in South Africa 4.1 Addressing income inequality in South Africa 4.2 Addressing human development challenges 4.3 Addressing service delivery 5 Conclusion and summary of findings 4. Who really ‘state-captured’ South Africa? Revealing silences in poverty, inequality and structurally-corrupt capitalism Patrick Bond 1 Introduction 2 Inequality, the state and its ‘capture’ 3 The political economy of the capitalist state 4 World Bank inequality denialism 5 The fight between hostile brothers: The ‘Zuptas’ and ‘White Monopoly Capital’ 6 Social resistances 5. Poverty, women and the human right to water for growing food Ngcimezile Mbano-Mweso 1 Introduction 2 The human right to water 2.1 Recognition in international law 2.2 Definition and content: Is there a right to water for growing food? 2.3 Normative content of the human right to water for growing food 3 Conclusion 6. The link between environmental pollution and poverty in Africa Olubayo Oluduro 1 Introduction 2 Legal framework for the protection of the environment in Africa 3 Nature of environmental pollution in Africa 3.1 Environmental pollution in Africa: Case studies of some countries 4 Nexus between pollution and poverty 4.1 Environmental pollution leads to diversion of labour 4.2 Increased burden of disease in poor countries 4.3 Problem of food security 4.4 Right to safe drinking water 5 Protecting the environment to fight poverty and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals 6 Recommendations 6.1 Political commitment 6.2 Promotion of education and information sharing 6.3 Eliminating poverty 7 Conclusion 138 7. Alleviating poverty through retirement reforms Kitty Malherbe 1 Introduction 2 Poverty among older persons 3 Current social security provision for older persons 4 Arguments for the reform of the current retirement income system 5 Proposed retirement reforms 5.1 Comprehensive social security and retirement reform process 5.2 Reforms proposed by National Treasury 6 Constitutional principles guiding reforms 6.1 Coordinated approach 6.2 Inclusivity 6.3 Progressive realisation 6.4 Governance and accountability 6.5 Availability of resources 6.6 ‘Lifespan’ view to addressing poverty 7 Potential impact of social security and retirement income reforms 8. Disability, poverty and human rights in Africa: Opportunities for poverty reduction from the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Enoch M Chilemba 1 Introduction 2 Poverty, disability and human rights link in Africa 2.1 Persons with disabilities in Africa: Among the poorest of the poor 2.2 Poverty, disability and human rights linkage 3 Utilising the opportunities from CRPD in countering obstacles relating to disability and poverty in Africa 3.1 Fostering equality and non-discrimination to reduce poverty 3.2 Fostering inclusive education to eradicate poverty 3.3 Enhancing employment in the open labour market to eradicate poverty 3.4 Ensuring social protection to reduce poverty 4 Conclusion 188 9.The co-existence of gender inequality and poverty Nomthandazo Ntlama 1 Introduction 2 SADC’s transformative vision in eliminating gender inequalities and poverty 2.1 Reducing poverty and eliminating gender inequality: A mammoth task 2.2 Towards a transformative region: Advancing the principles of the community of nations 3 Conclusion 10. The potential of the African human rights system in addressing poverty Bright Nkrumah 1 Introduction 2 Norm creation and norm enforcement: Issues and implications 2.1 Normative framework for addressing poverty 2.2 African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights 2.3 Little angels: African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child 2.4 Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa 3 Other instruments relating to poverty 3.1 AU Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption (Anti-Corruption Convention) 3.2 Declaration on Employment and Poverty Alleviation in Africa 3.4 Comprehensive African Agriculture Development Programme 4 Institutional frameworks for addressing poverty 4.1 African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights 4.2 African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child 4.3 African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights 4.4 Need for complementarity: The road not taken 5 Other related mechanisms 5.1 New Partnership for Africa’s Development 5.2 African Peer Review Mechanism 6 International best practice dealing with poverty 7 Concluding reflections 11. Realising access to justice for the poor: Lessons from working with rural communities Victoria Balogun 1 Introduction 2 What is access to justice for the poor? 3 How are non-profit organisations such as the Centre for Community Justice and Development promoting access to justice in South Africa post-1994? 4 Are there any barriers to access to justice and do they have any implication(s) for the poor in poor communities? 5 The intersection between poverty and access to justice for poor communities 6 Access to justice, the role of legal aid offices and the commitment to serve the poor in poor communities 7 Equality and access to justice for the poor 8 Conclusion 12. The role of the South African Human Rights Commission in ensuring state accountability to address poverty Rachael Adams 1 Introduction 2 Poverty and human rights 2.1 International human rights law 2.2 Poverty and human rights in South Africa 2.3 Socio-economic rights 3 What do we mean by state accountability? 3.1 State accountability 4 South African Human Rights Commission 4.1 Mandate and functions 4.2 Reporting requirements 5 Structures of accountability 5.1 Complaints 5.2 Reporting 6 Inequality and intersectional discrimination 6.1 Interdependence of rights and the role of government 7 Conclusion: The role of the South African Human Rights Commission
Does Corruption Affect Income Inequality And Poverty
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Author : Mr.Sanjeev Gupta
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1998-05-01
Does Corruption Affect Income Inequality And Poverty written by Mr.Sanjeev Gupta and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-05-01 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper demonstrates that high and rising corruption increases income inequality and poverty by reducing economic growth, the progressivity of the tax system, the level and effectiveness of social spending, and the formation of human capital, and by perpetuating an unequal distribution of asset ownership and unequal access to education. These findings hold for countries with different growth experiences, at different stages of development, and using various indices of corruption. An important implication of these results is that policies that reduce corruption will also lower income inequality and poverty.
Disrupting Corruption Culture
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Author : Muyanja-Ssenyonga Jameaba
language : en
Publisher: Independently Published
Release Date : 2019-03-28
Disrupting Corruption Culture written by Muyanja-Ssenyonga Jameaba and has been published by Independently Published this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-28 with Business & Economics categories.
The book begins with a sneak-peek of the Indonesian political economy, specifically how that relates to corruption culture, by giving a glimpse at some of the crucial factors that have shaped politics in general and policy in particular, and how that has created corruption opportunities that nibble first but get entrenched eventually, into the fabric of Indonesian society. The book then takes the fervent reader on a journey that explores some of the ways culture and its manifestations, can create conducive conditions for corruption and proven ways to counter inter-temporal and inter-generational corruption. That way, the book highlights aspects of culture, which may stimulate corrupt practices, but equally important, are multifarious aspects of culture within the Indonesian multi-tribal, multi-racial, multi religious, multilingual society that is inherently anti-corruption hence can serve as an entry point in fighting corruption in all its forms. The book takes on the hue to give the reader a generic look at the causes, manifestations, and effects of corruption, aimed at assessing impact that corruption has had on developing economies in general and enterprises in particular, respectively. The book then taken the reader to an exploration of the poverty-corruption nexus, which has become increasingly polemic, emotional, and even heartrending for some. Using a quantitative approach to show whether or not there is indeed a link between the two and the direction of the link, the article comes up with findings that indicate a positive simultaneous correlation between poverty incidence as proxied by human development index and corruption perception as proxied by transparency international corruption perception index. Subsequently, the book takes on the task of making an in-depth look at counter corruption measures developing countries that experience entrenched and rampant corruption can take to fight the scourge in a sustainable manner to ensure that its uprooted in both the practices economic agents in the private and public sector, but more importantly expunging and exterminating the proclivity or inclination of having affinity to indulge in corruption from the psyche and value systems that are vital reference compasses for both adults and young generations. No book on corruption can be complete without placing the importance of ICT and data analytics in the ambit of corruption prevention, mitigation and alleviation. This is indeed what the book takes on from this point forward. The book explores the possibilities and opportunities of leveraging advantages of Big Data revolution and ICT breakthrough to make a paradigm shift from reactive to proactive and preemptive based approaches in fighting corruption. By navigating the history of e-government development and adoption in Indonesia, the book identifies advantages increasing adoption of e-government has contributed to the fight against corruption as well as highlighting some of the weaknesses and obstacles the policy has faced in the past and continues to face, today, and most likely in future. Touted as one of the most promising and prospective democracies, Indonesian democratization comes into the limelight in the book, specifically the inadvertently though it has been, on corruption. It is often said, that great nations and leaders take annals of a country's history at heart, and it is with that golden adage in mind that the last part of the book takes the reader through some of the past mega corruption scandals that have punctuated the still relatively young Indonesian democratization road.It is a relevant end to the book on corruption, considering the growing multifaceted income disparity, even as the country's democracy receives plaudits on many accounts, ranging from big-bang decentralization, racial, religious and regional plurality preservation, and crux of all, a Unitary republic.
Too Poor For Peace
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Author : Lael Brainard
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2007-12-31
Too Poor For Peace written by Lael Brainard and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-12-31 with Political Science categories.
Extreme poverty exhausts institutions, depletes resources, weakens leadership, and ultimately contributes to rising insecurity and conflict. Just as poverty begets insecurity, however, the reverse is also true. As the destabilizing effects of conflict settle in, civil institutions are undermined and poverty proliferates. Breaking this nexus between poverty and conflict is one of the biggest challenges of the twenty-first century. The authors of this compelling book—some of the most experienced practitioners from around the world—investigate the complex and dynamic relationship between poverty and insecurity, exploring possible agents for change. They bring the latest lessons and intellectual framework to bear in an examination of African leadership, the private sector, and American foreign aid as vehicles for improving economic conditions and security. Contributors include Colin Kahl (University of Minnesota),Vinca LaFleur (Vinca LaFleur Communications), Edward Miguel (University of California, Berkeley), Jane Nelson (Harvard University and Brookings), Anthony Nyong (University of Jos and the International Development Research Centre, Nairobi), Susan Rice (Brookings), Robert Rotberg (Harvard University and the World Peace Foundation), Marc Sommers (Tufts University), Hendrik Urdal (International Peace Research Institute), and Jennifer Windsor (Freedom House).
Corruption And Nigerian Political Economy
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Author : Ibrahim Kawuley Mikai
language : en
Publisher: UUM Press
Release Date : 2016-03-22
Corruption And Nigerian Political Economy written by Ibrahim Kawuley Mikai and has been published by UUM Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-22 with Political Science categories.
The book analyses the background of corrupt practices in the annals of Nigerian political history from pre-colonial, colonial and post-colonial era down to the fourth democratic dispensation. The book also establishes a nexus between corruption and political economy in the Nigerian political theatre. Indeed, corruption undermines the rules of law, equity, transparency democratization and national development which breed poverty, insecurity and general underdevelopment among the populace. Meanwhile, the political economy approach and the theories of corruption and their application on Nigerian political economy is highlighted. The role of policy-makers and stakeholders with their policies and programmes on combating corruption is also analysed. Furthermore, the giant efforts of international organizations, civil society organizations (CSOs) and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) on combating the menace of corruption are also pointed out. The book serves as a guide to researchers on the subject matter and the freedom fighters with their anti-corruption crusade or mandates so as to proffer solutions to corrupt practices and scandals in Nigeria and beyond.