The Nitrogen Cycle At Regional To Global Scales
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The Nitrogen Cycle At Regional To Global Scales
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Author : Elizabeth W. Boyer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
The Nitrogen Cycle At Regional To Global Scales written by Elizabeth W. Boyer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Science categories.
This issue is the final report from the International SCOPE Project on Nitrogen Transport and Transformations: A Regional and Global Analysis. SCOPE (the Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment, ICSU) authorized the Nitrogen Project as an 8-year effort between 1994 and 2002 because of the need to better understand how humans have altered nitrogen cyc1ing globally and at the scale of large regions. Human activity has more than doubled the rate of formation of reactive nitrogen on the land surface of the earth, and the nitrogen cyc1e continues to accelerate. The distribution of this reactive nitrogen is not uniform, though, and some regions such as Europe and Asia have seen massive increases in reactive nitrogen, while other regions have seen little change. The SCOPE Nitrogen Project has synthesized detailed information on the nature of the human alteration of the nitrogen cyc1e through aseries of workshops over the past 8 years. These cumulatively have involved over 250 of previous workshops scientists from over 20 different nations. The results have been published in aseries of special journal issues and reports that synthesize information on nitrogen in the North Atlantic Ocean and its water sheds (Howarth 1996), nitrogen cycling in Asia (Hong-Chi Lin et al. 1996; Mosier et al.
The Nitrogen Cycle At Regional To Global Scales
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Author : Elizabeth W. Boyer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2002-07-31
The Nitrogen Cycle At Regional To Global Scales written by Elizabeth W. Boyer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-07-31 with Science categories.
Boyer (State U. of New York at Syracuse) and Howarth (Marine Biological Lab, Woods Hole, Massachusetts) present the final report of the International Scientific Committee on the Problems of the Environment project that was devoted to the study of human impact on global and regional nitrogen recycling. The report consists of 15 papers that look at control processes of nitrogen transport and transformations and their importance in the global nitrogen budget; quantify inputs of nitrogen from natural and anthropogenic sources in the northeastern USA; and estimate regional and landscape- scale nitrogen budgets. Annotation (c)2003 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).
Global Biogeochemical Cycles In The Climate System
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Author : Ernst-Detlef Schulze
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2001-08-10
Global Biogeochemical Cycles In The Climate System written by Ernst-Detlef Schulze and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-08-10 with Science categories.
The interactions of biogeochemical cycles influence and maintain our climate system. Land use and fossil fuel emissions are currently impacting the biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur on land, in the atmosphere, and in the oceans.This edited volume brings together 27 scholarly contributions on the state of our knowledge of earth system interactions among the oceans, land, and atmosphere. A unique feature of this treatment is the focus on the paleoclimatic and paleobiotic context for investigating these complex interrelationships.* Eight-page colour insert to highlight the latest research* A unique feature of this treatment is the focus on the paleoclimatic context for investigating these complex interrelationships.
Agriculture And The Nitrogen Cycle
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Author : Arvin Mosier
language : en
Publisher: Island Press
Release Date : 2013-04-10
Agriculture And The Nitrogen Cycle written by Arvin Mosier and has been published by Island Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-10 with Science categories.
Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth and development and a key agricultural input-but in excess it can lead to a host of problems for human and ecological health. Across the globe, distribution of fertilizer nitrogen is very uneven, with some areas subject to nitrogen pollution and others suffering from reduced soil fertility, diminished crop production, and other consequences of inadequate supply. Agriculture and the Nitrogen Cycle provides a global assessment of the role of nitrogen fertilizer in the nitrogen cycle. The focus of the book is regional, emphasizing the need to maintain food and fiber production while minimizing environmental impacts where fertilizer is abundant, and the need to enhance fertilizer utilization in systems where nitrogen is limited. The book is derived from a workshop held by the Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE) in Kampala, Uganda, that brought together the world's leading scientists to examine and discuss the nitrogen cycle and related problems. It contains an overview chapter that summarizes the group's findings, four chapters on cross-cutting issues, and thirteen background chapters. The book offers a unique synthesis and provides an up-to-date, broad perspective on the issues of nitrogen fertilizer in food production and the interaction of nitrogen and the environment.
Global Implications Of The Nitrogen Cycle
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Author : Trelita de Sousa
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2020-07-16
Global Implications Of The Nitrogen Cycle written by Trelita de Sousa and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-16 with Nature categories.
Nitrogen constitutes 78% of the Earth’s atmosphere and inevitably occupies a predominant role in marine and terrestrial nutrient biogeochemistry and the global climate. Callous human activities, like the excessive industrial nitrogen fixation and the incessant burning of fossil fuels, have caused a massive acceleration of the nitrogen cycle, which has, in turn, led to an increasing trend in eutrophication, smog formation, acid rain, and emission of nitrous oxide, which is a potent greenhouse gas, 300 times more powerful in warming the Earth’s atmosphere than carbon dioxide. This book comprehensively reviews the biotransformation of nitrogen, its ecological significance and the consequences of human interference. It will appeal to environmentalists, ecologists, marine biologists, and microbiologists worldwide, and will serve as a valuable guide to graduates, post-graduates, research scholars, scientists, and professors.
Nitrogen Cycling In The Americas Natural And Anthropogenic Influences And Controls
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Author : Luiz A. Martinelli
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-01-19
Nitrogen Cycling In The Americas Natural And Anthropogenic Influences And Controls written by Luiz A. Martinelli and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-19 with Science categories.
The rate of creation of reactive nitrogen (NR) on the earth has dramatically increased in the last half century mainly due to the production of N-fertilizer through the Haber-Bosch process, fossil fuel combustion, and the cultivation of plants that fix N from the atmosphere. The anthropogenic production of NR has been especially high in developed countries of the temperate zone, such as the USA and Canada, where severe eutrophication of estuaries and coastal zones, acidification of lakes and streams, loss of biodiversity, and reduced forest productivity have become common environmental problems associated with increasing nitrogen loads to ecosystems. However, important drivers responsible for the increase of the production of NR in the temperate zone are increasingly influencing the nitrogen cycle in rapidly developing regions of the world, such as the Tropics and Sub-Tropics, including most of the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. Advances in our understanding of the nitrogen cycle and the impact of anthropogenic activities on regional to global scales depend on the expansion of scientific studies to these fast-developing regions. This book presents a series of studies from across the Americas whose aim is to highlight key natural processes that control nitrogen cycling as well as discuss the main anthropogenic influences on the nitrogen cycle in both the tropical and temperate regions of the Americas.
Aviation And The Global Atmosphere
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Author : Joyce E. Penner
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1999-06-28
Aviation And The Global Atmosphere written by Joyce E. Penner and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-06-28 with Science categories.
This Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report is the most comprehensive assessment available on the effects of aviation on the global atmosphere. The report considers all the gases and particles emitted by aircraft that modify the chemical properties of the atmosphere, leading to changes in radiative properties and climate change, and modification of the ozone layer, leading to changes in ultraviolet radiation reaching the Earth. This volume provides accurate, unbiased, policy-relevant information and is designed to serve the aviation industry and the expert and policymaking communities.
Nitrogen In The Marine Environment
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Author : Douglas G. Capone
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2008-08-01
Nitrogen In The Marine Environment written by Douglas G. Capone and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-08-01 with Social Science categories.
Since the first edition of Nitrogen in the Marine Environment was published in 1983, it has been recognized as the standard in the field. In the time since the book first appeared, there has been tremendous growth in the field with unprecedented discoveries over the past decade that have fundamentally changed the view of the marine nitrogen cycle. As a result, this Second Edition contains twice the amount of information that the first edition contained. This updated edition is now available online, offering searchability and instant, multi-user access to this important information.*The classic text, fully updated to reflect the rapid pace of discovery*Provides researchers and students in oceanography, chemistry, and marine ecology an understanding of the marine nitrogen cycle*Available online with easy access and search - the information you need, when you need it
Just Enough Nitrogen
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Author : Mark A. Sutton
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-11-09
Just Enough Nitrogen written by Mark A. Sutton and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-09 with Medical categories.
This volume provides a unique collection of contributions addressing both the ‘too much’ and ‘too little’ sides of the nitrogen story. Building on analyses started at the 6th International Nitrogen Conference, Kampala, the book explores the idea of ‘just enough nitrogen’: sufficient for sustainable food production, but not so much as to lead to unsustainable pollution and climate problems. The range of nitrogen threats examined, solutions evaluated and science-policy analyses presented here has provided the foundation to agree the ‘Kampala Statement-for-Action on Nitrogen in Africa and Globally,’ as reported in this volume. Humanity today faces unprecedented challenges: How to feed a growing population? How to reduce air pollution, water pollution and climate change? How to handle regional differences in an era of increasing globalization? These questions are at the heart of this edited volume which examines the multi-dimensional nature of the global nitrogen challenge. While humans have massively altered the nitrogen cycle, the consequences have become polarized. Some regions have too much nitrogen, associated with pollution and wasteful use of a valuable resource, while other regions have too little nitrogen, leading to constraints on food production and depletion of soil nutrient stocks. The volume provides a unique collection of contributions addressing both the ‘too much’ and ‘too little’ sides of the nitrogen story. Building on analyses started at the 6th International Nitrogen Conference, Kampala, the book explores the idea of ‘just enough nitrogen’: sufficient for sustainable food production, but not so much as to lead to unsustainable pollution and climate problems. The range of nitrogen threats examined, solutions evaluated and science-policy analyses presented here has provided the foundation to agree the ‘Kampala Statement-for-Action on Nitrogen in Africa and Globally,’ as reported in this volume. Together, the contributions in this book are now informing actions by the International Nitrogen Initiative (INI) in working with the United Nations Environment Programme and others to establish the International Nitrogen Management System (INMS). A key outcome has been to catalyse development of the first Resolution on Sustainable Nitrogen Management, as adopted by the fourth UN Environment Assembly (UNEA/EA.4/Res.14). The work is written for researchers and policy makers and all those interested in seeing how sustainable nitrogen management can contribute to meeting many of the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
Encyclopedia Of Environmental Change
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Author : John A Matthews
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2013-12-13
Encyclopedia Of Environmental Change written by John A Matthews and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-13 with Nature categories.
Accessibly written by a team of international authors, the Encyclopedia of Environmental Change provides a gateway to the complex facts, concepts, techniques, methodology and philosophy of environmental change. This three-volume set illustrates and examines topics within this dynamic and rapidly changing interdisciplinary field. The encyclopedia includes all of the following aspects of environmental change: Diverse evidence of environmental change, including climate change and changes on land and in the oceans Underlying natural and anthropogenic causes and mechanisms Wide-ranging local, regional and global impacts from the polar regions to the tropics Responses of geo-ecosystems and human-environmental systems in the face of past, present and future environmental change Approaches, methodologies and techniques used for reconstructing, dating, monitoring, modelling, projecting and predicting change Social, economic and political dimensions of environmental issues, environmental conservation and management and environmental policy Over 4,000 entries explore the following key themes and more: Conservation Demographic change Environmental management Environmental policy Environmental security Food security Glaciation Green Revolution Human impact on environment Industrialization Landuse change Military impacts on environment Mining and mining impacts Nuclear energy Pollution Renewable resources Solar energy Sustainability Tourism Trade Water resources Water security Wildlife conservation The comprehensive coverage of terminology includes layers of entries ranging from one-line definitions to short essays, making this an invaluable companion for any student of physical geography, environmental geography or environmental sciences.