The Oil Paradox

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The Paradox Of Plenty

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Author : Terry Lynn Karl
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 1997-10-10

The Paradox Of Plenty written by Terry Lynn Karl and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-10-10 with Social Science categories.

The Paradox of Plenty explains why, in the midst of two massive oil booms in the 1970s, oil-exporting governments as different as Venezuela, Iran, Nigeria, Algeria, and Indonesia chose common development paths and suffered similarly disappointing outcomes. Meticulously documented and theoretically innovative, this book illuminates the manifold factors—economic, political, and social—that determine the nature of the oil state, from the coherence of public bureaucracies, to the degree of centralization, to patterns of policy-making. Karl contends that oil countries, while seemingly disparate, are characterized by similar social classes and patterns of collective action. In these countries, dependence on petroleum leads to disproportionate fiscal reliance on petrodollars and public spending, at the expense of statecraft. Oil booms, which create the illusion of prosperity and development, actually destabilize regimes by reinforcing oil-based interests and further weakening state capacity. Karl's incisive investigation unites structural and choice-based approaches by illuminating how decisions of policymakers are embedded in institutions interacting with domestic and international markets. This approach—which Karl dubs "structured contingency"—uses a state's leading sector as the starting point for identifying a range of decision-making choices, and ends by examining the dynamics of the state itself.

The Oil Paradox

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Author : Cyril I. Obi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004

The Oil Paradox written by Cyril I. Obi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Natural resources categories.

Revised version of a paper"Structural instability and governance in Sub-Saharan Africa - perspectives to conflicts and conflict prevention", 2003.

Petroleum Paradox

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Author : Francisia S. S. E. Seda
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001

Petroleum Paradox written by Francisia S. S. E. Seda and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Economic development categories.

Cme Vulnerability The The Impact Of Negative Oil Futures Trading

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Author : George Xianzhi Yuan
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2020-10-23

Cme Vulnerability The The Impact Of Negative Oil Futures Trading written by George Xianzhi Yuan and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-23 with Business & Economics categories.

In 2020, the global lockdowns caused by the COVID-19, or coronavirus, pandemic had resulted in a sharp drop in demand for crude oil. This impact was so severe that on April 8, 2020, a proposal to update the Chicago Mercantile Exchange Holdings Inc. (CME) trading rule to permit negative prices was applied to CME's WTI Oil futures contracts; this led to a novel phenomenon in which the closing clearing price of WTI Oil May future was $-37.63/barrel based on fewer than 400 contracts' trading volume in the last three minutes, reflecting less than 0.2% of the total trading contracts volume on April 20, 2020. This occurrence of negative closing clearing price for CME's WTI Oil futures trading, cannot be explained simply by just the principle of supply and demand; instead, it highlights vulnerabilities caused by CME's allowance of negative price trading (based on its trading platform), a decision which brings potential and fundamental challenges to the global financial system.This event challenges not just our basic concepts of 'value' and trading 'price' of commodities and goods that underline our understanding of the framework for the invisible hand and general equilibrium theory in economics established by a few generations of scholars since Adam Smith in 1776 for market economies, but also have wider implications on the fundamentals that underpin our ideas of value and labor in the organization, activity, and behavior of civilizations and individual liberties.The scope of this book is limited to covering the impact of the negative oil futures derivatives' trading between April 20 and 21, 2020. This book focuses on exploring the issues, challenges, and possible impacts on global financial markets due to the negative clearing prices of WTI Oil futures contracts and related problems from different perspectives. Topics covered include the responsibilities and liabilities of the CME; critique to the fundamental theory of economics and the modern understanding of value and labor; and challenges to the global financial systems and businesses and introduction to new methods of application.

The Petroleum And Poverty Paradox

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008

The Petroleum And Poverty Paradox written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Developing countries categories.

The Green Paradox

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Author : Hans-Werner Sinn
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2012-02-03

The Green Paradox written by Hans-Werner Sinn and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-03 with Business & Economics categories.

A leading economist develops a supply-side approach to fighting climate change that encourages resource owners to leave more of their fossil carbon underground. The Earth is getting warmer. Yet, as Hans-Werner Sinn points out in this provocative book, the dominant policy approach—which aims to curb consumption of fossil energy—has been ineffective. Despite policy makers' efforts to promote alternative energy, impose emission controls on cars, and enforce tough energy-efficiency standards for buildings, the relentlessly rising curve of CO2 output does not show the slightest downward turn. Some proposed solutions are downright harmful: cultivating crops to make biofuels not only contributes to global warming but also uses resources that should be devoted to feeding the world's hungry. In The Green Paradox, Sinn proposes a new, more pragmatic approach based not on regulating the demand for fossil fuels but on controlling the supply. The owners of carbon resources, Sinn explains, are pre-empting future regulation by accelerating the production of fossil energy while they can. This is the “Green Paradox”: expected future reduction in carbon consumption has the effect of accelerating climate change. Sinn suggests a supply-side solution: inducing the owners of carbon resources to leave more of their wealth underground. He proposes the swift introduction of a “Super-Kyoto” system—gathering all consumer countries into a cartel by means of a worldwide, coordinated cap-and-trade system supported by the levying of source taxes on capital income—to spoil the resource owners' appetite for financial assets. Only if we can shift our focus from local demand to worldwide supply policies for reducing carbon emissions, Sinn argues, will we have a chance of staving off climate disaster.

Rethinking Agricultural Development In Nigeria

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Author : Inibehe George Ukpong
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012-12

Rethinking Agricultural Development In Nigeria written by Inibehe George Ukpong and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12 with categories.

This book discusses contemporary issues on agricultural development and environmental problems in Nigeria. It is particularly passionate about the declining nature of agricultural production in the country. It also discusses general concepts of agriculture and policy issues aimed at promoting agricultural development. Specific problems affecting agriculture as a business have been identified with possible solutions. The book also focuses on issues of environmental sustainability and the impact of the oil and gas industry on agriculture in Nigeria, and proposes a framework to promote agricultural development as a strategy for national development, poverty reduction and improvement of human livelihoods.

The Oil Paradox

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Author : C. I. Obi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004

The Oil Paradox written by C. I. Obi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with History categories.

The dominant trend in environmental studies has assumed that people ruin the natural environment. The contributors to Greening the Great Red Island: Madagascar in Nature and Culture challenge this assumption, not for its elements of obvious truthfulness, but its oversimplification. Diverse social-environmental perspectives on Madagascar demonstrate that Madagascar's rural people have dynamic, historical and complex relationships with their environments. Conservation organisations working to preserve Madagascar's biological megadiversity may achieve negative results if they start with the wrong assumptions. Combining potent theoretical and methodological analysis with detailed case studies from across the island of Madagascar, this collection will appeal to those doing research and teaching in African studies, anthropology, development, environmental studies, geography, history, political science and zoology.

The Jevons Paradox And The Myth Of Resource Efficiency Improvements

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Author : Blake Alcott
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2012-04-27

The Jevons Paradox And The Myth Of Resource Efficiency Improvements written by Blake Alcott and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-27 with Business & Economics categories.

The Jevons Paradox, which was first expressed in 1865 by William Stanley Jevons in relation to use of coal, states that an increase in efficiency in using a resource leads to increased use of that resource rather than to a reduction. This has subsequently been proved to apply not just to fossil fuels, but other resource use scenarios. For example, doubling the efficiency of food production per hectare over the last 50 years (due to the Green Revolution) did not solve the problem of hunger. The increase in efficiency increased production and worsened hunger because of the resulting increase in population. The implications of this in todays world are substantial. Many scientists and policymakers argue that future technological innovations will reduce consumption of resources; the Jevons Paradox explains why this may be a false hope. This is the first book to provide a historical overview of the Jevons Paradox, provide evidence for its existence and apply it to complex systems. Written and edited by world experts in the fields of economics, ecological economics, technology and the environment, it explains the myth of efficiency and explores its implications for resource usage (particularly oil). It is a must-read for policymakers, natural resource managers, academics and students concerned with the effects of efficiency on resource use.

Oil Addiction

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Author : Pierre Chomat
language : en
Publisher: Universal-Publishers
Release Date : 2004

Oil Addiction written by Pierre Chomat and has been published by Universal-Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Business & Economics categories.

Totally addicted to oil, Man in his industrial adventure has transformed nearly all the Earth's ecosystems into "egosystems" designed to serve only his own needs and desires, at the expense of all other species. He persists despite the irreversible damage he is causing to the environment. He has already disrupted the Earth's thermostats. Western society has reached the "Age of Excess," which will last only as long as there is still fossil energy to fuel it. The Earth cannot keep up with Man's demand for natural resources. Her hydrocarbon reserves are shrinking rapidly and by 2010, global production will begin to decrease, setting off a period of unprecedented planetary disorder and turmoil. Today the United States must import most of the oil it needs from faraway countries. Therein lies a terrible paradox: the power of America is rooted in dependency! The free enterprise system that it is imposing on the rest of the world cannot solve this paradoxical situation; it will only amplify it and hasten destabilization. It is high time to wonder whether we in the West, in our suicidal quest for energy, are not running the risk of losing control of the course of our history. The invasion of Iraq by the United States military, in lockstep with American corporations, is a distressing and reprehensible step in this direction.