The Origins Of State Capacity
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The Origins Of State Capacity
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Author : Timothy J. Besley
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
The Origins Of State Capacity written by Timothy J. Besley and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Economists generally assume the existence of sufficient institutions to sustain a market economy and tax the citizens. However, this starting point cannot easily be taken for granted in many states, neither in history nor in the developing world of today. This paper develops a framework where quot;policy choicesquot;, regulation of markets and tax rates, are constrained by quot;economic institutionsquot;, which in turn reflect past investments in legal and fiscal state capacity. We study the economic and political determinants of these investments. The analysis shows that common interest public goods, such as fighting external wars, as well as political stability and inclusive political institutions, are conducive to building state capacity. Preliminary empirical evidence based on cross-country data find a number of correlations consistent with the theory.
The Origins Of State Capacity
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Author : Timothy Besley
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
The Origins Of State Capacity written by Timothy Besley and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Economic development categories.
Economists generally assume the existence of sufficient institutions to sustain a market economy and tax the citizens. However, this starting point cannot easily be taken for granted in many states, neither in history nor in the developing world of today. This paper develops a framework where "policy choices", regulation of markets and tax rates, are constrained by "economic institutions", which in turn reflect past investments in legal and fiscal state capacity. We study the economic and political determinants of these investments. The analysis shows that common interest public goods, such as fighting external wars, as well as political stability and inclusive political institutions, are conducive to building state capacity. Preliminary empirical evidence based on cross-country data find a number of correlations consistent with the theory.
The Origin Of State Capacity Property Rights Taxation And Politics
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Author : Timothy J. Besley
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
The Origin Of State Capacity Property Rights Taxation And Politics written by Timothy J. Besley and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
State Capacity And Economic Development
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Author : Mark Dincecco
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-10-26
State Capacity And Economic Development written by Mark Dincecco and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-26 with Political Science categories.
State capacity - the government's ability to accomplish its intended policy goals - plays an important role in market-oriented economic development today. Yet state capacity improvements are often difficult to achieve. This Element analyzes the historical origins of state capacity. It evaluates long-run state development in Western Europe - the birthplace of both the modern state and modern economic growth - with a focus on three key inflection points: the rise of the city-state, the nation-state, and the welfare state. This Element develops a conceptual framework regarding the basic political conditions that enable the state to take effective policy actions. This framework highlights the government's challenge to exert proper authority over both its citizenry and itself. It concludes by analyzing the European state development process relative to other world regions. This analysis characterizes the basic historical features that helped make Western Europe different. By taking a long-run approach, it provides a new perspective on the deep-rooted relationship between state capacity and economic development.
State Capacity Conflict And Development
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Author : Timothy Besley
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
State Capacity Conflict And Development written by Timothy Besley and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Economic development categories.
We report on an on-going project, which asks a number of questions relevant to the study of state capacity. What are the main economic and political determinants of the state's capacity to raise revenue and support private markets? How do risks of violent conflict affect the incentives to invest in state building? Does it matter whether conflicts are external or internal to the state? When are large states associated with higher income levels and growth rates than small states? What relations should we expect between resource rents, civil wars and economic development? The paper is organized into three main sections: 1. The origins of state capacity, 2. Sate capacity and the genius of taxation, and 3. State capacity and the strategy of conflict. Each of these begins with a specific motivation. A simple model is formulated to analyze the determinants of state capacity in the first section, and modified to address the new issues that arise in subsequent sections. The theoretical results are summarized in a number of propositions. We discuss the implications of the theory, comment on its relation to existing literature, and briefly mention some empiric applications.
State Building In Latin America
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Author : Hillel David Soifer
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2015-06-09
State Building In Latin America written by Hillel David Soifer and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-09 with Political Science categories.
State Building in Latin America explores why some countries in the region developed effective governance, while others did not. The argument focuses on political ideas, economic geography, public administration, to account for the development of public primary education, taxation, and military mobilization in Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru.
States In The Developing World
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Author : Miguel A. Centeno
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-02-27
States In The Developing World written by Miguel A. Centeno and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-27 with Business & Economics categories.
An exploration of how states address the often conflicting challenges of development, order, and inclusion.
Fragmented State Capacity
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Author : Marco Just Quiles
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-03-15
Fragmented State Capacity written by Marco Just Quiles and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-15 with Social Science categories.
Marco Just Quiles offers new perspectives on how domestic and external factors interact to shape variations in local state capacity. Using Bolivia as a case, he applies quantitative and qualitative methods to decode the nexus between global interdependencies, subnational bargaining processes, and diverging configurations of public service provision at the local level. Relying in part on newly compiled indicators, the author presents the ways in which shifting distributional coalitions between regional elites, central governments and their connections with international markets in different periods of the last century have produced the contemporary fragmentation of stateness in Bolivia.
Pillars Of Prosperity
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Author : Timothy Besley
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2011-08-28
Pillars Of Prosperity written by Timothy Besley and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-28 with Business & Economics categories.
How nations can promote peace, prosperity, and stability through cohesive political institutions "Little else is required to carry a state to the highest degree of opulence from the lowest barbarism, but peace, easy taxes, and a tolerable administration of justice; all the rest being brought about by the natural course of things." So wrote Adam Smith a quarter of a millennium ago. Using the tools of modern political economics and combining economic theory with a bird's-eye view of the data, this book reinterprets Smith's pillars of prosperity to explain the existence of development clusters—places that tend to combine effective state institutions, the absence of political violence, and high per-capita incomes. To achieve peace, the authors stress the avoidance of repressive government and civil conflict. Easy taxes, they argue, refers not to low taxes, but a tax system with widespread compliance that collects taxes at a reasonable cost from a broad base, like income. And a tolerable administration of justice is about legal infrastructure that can support the enforcement of contracts and property rights in line with the rule of law. The authors show that countries tend to enjoy all three pillars of prosperity when they have evolved cohesive political institutions that promote common interests, guaranteeing the provision of public goods. In line with much historical research, international conflict has also been an important force behind effective states by fostering common interests. The absence of common interests and/or cohesive political institutions can explain the existence of very different development clusters in fragile states that are plagued by poverty, violence, and weak state capacity.
The Long Term Persistence Of State Capacity And Its Origins In The British Empire Latin America Korea And Taiwan
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Author : CHIJIUN ALBERT CHANG
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
The Long Term Persistence Of State Capacity And Its Origins In The British Empire Latin America Korea And Taiwan written by CHIJIUN ALBERT CHANG and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
This dissertation examines the origins and persistence of state capacity in three regions: the former colonies of the British Empire, the former Japanese colonies of Korea and Taiwan, and Latin America. In all three regions, I find that countries differ significantly in state capacity, and that these differences are highly persistent. In the cases of the former British colonies, Korea, and Taiwan, I find that differences in state capacity were already well-established during the last few decades of colonial rule by Britain and Japan, respectively, in the mid-20th century. In the case of Latin America, I find that differences in state capacity were also highly apparent in the independent Latin American countries by the early 20th century, and that they have persisted up to the present day. This project shows the persistence of state capacity across the 20th century in these three regions and also suggests reasons for the origins of these differences in state capacity. First, I find that measures of state capacity in 38 former colonies of the British Empire at the time of independence strongly predict modern-day levels of GDP and HDI in the independent countries. Using three measures of colonial-state capacity - taxes collected per capita, the size of the colonial police force per capita, and extent of the British legal system - I find that all three variables strongly predict modern-day per capita income as well as educational and health indicators, after controlling for initial conditions, as well as geographical and other precolonial variables. The analysis also suggests that the reasons that the British established colonies with greater state capacity in some territories but not in others do not appear to be related to natural or geographical advantages that would predict modern-day economic performance, or even to how much economic potential they thought the territory might have. The British were more likely to establish an intense colonial administration where it was inexpensive to do so. In particular, it was less costly when there was little indigenous resistance to British colonization, and where there were no native polities through which they could rule indirectly. Next, I show how the state capacity developed under colonial rule in four Asian countries (Taiwan, South Korea, India, and Singapore), under two different colonial rulers (Japan and Britain), was maintained and affected policy-making and implementation in the first decade after independence. This chapter investigates the mechanisms through which state capacity developed under colonial rulers was maintained or undermined during the first decade after independence in South Korea, Taiwan, India, and Singapore. All of these countries maintained their colonial civil service after independence, but the penetration of the civil service to local levels of government was much higher in South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore than in India. South Korea, Taiwan, and India also had more well-qualified locals to replace departing British officials. Finally, the professionalism of the civil service in India was significantly undermined by patronage and the reservation system for certain ethnic and caste groups. Finally, I show that state capacity established after independence also strongly affected development outcomes in Latin America, the only large region in the developing world where most states were already independent by the early 20th century. Latin American states today show considerable variation in GDP and HDI levels. This chapter demonstrates that this variation can likewise be traced to a significant divergence in the levels of state capacity achieved by these states in the early 20th century. By the early 20th century, some Latin American states had achieved more state capacity than others, but significant investment in mass welfare of citizens had not yet occurred. Yet state capacity in early 20th-century Latin America is a strong determinant of levels of health and education in the present day. In addition, there is no relationship between the years that a state was ruled by a democratic or leftist regime, and its modern-day economic development, or its modern-day levels of health and education.