The Philosophy Of Expertise
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The Routledge Handbook Of Philosophy Of Skill And Expertise
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Author : Ellen Fridland
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-08-20
The Routledge Handbook Of Philosophy Of Skill And Expertise written by Ellen Fridland and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-20 with Philosophy categories.
Philosophical questions surrounding skill and expertise can be traced back as far as Ancient Greece, China, and India. In the twentieth century, skilled action was an important factor in the work of phenomenologists such as Heidegger and Merleau-Ponty and analytic philosophers including Gilbert Ryle. However, as a subject in its own right it has, until now, remained largely in the background. The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Skill and Expertise is an outstanding reference source and the first major collection of its kind, reflecting the explosion of interest in the topic in recent years. Comprising thirty-nine chapters written by leading international contributors, the Handbook is organized into six clear parts: • Skill in the history of philosophy (East and West) • Skill in epistemology • Skill, intelligence, and agency • Skill in perception, imagination, and emotion • Skill, language, and social cognition • Skill and expertise in normative philosophy. Essential reading for students and researchers in philosophy of mind and psychology, epistemology, and ethics, The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Skill and Expertise is also suitable for those in related disciplines such as social psychology and cognitive science. It is also relevant to those who are interested in conceptual issues underlying skill and expertise in fields such as sport, the performing arts, and medicine.
The Philosophy Of Expertise
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Author : Evan Selinger
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2006
The Philosophy Of Expertise written by Evan Selinger and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Philosophy categories.
From the use of expert testimony in the courtroom to the advice we rely on to solve key economic, political, and social problems, expertise is an essential part of our decision-making process. However, the extent to which experts can be trusted is a subject of persistent and contentious debate. The Philosophy of Expertise is the first collection to explore the fundamental philosophical issues surrounding these authorities and their expert knowledge. Part 1 considers the problems surrounding the issue of trust and deference; part 2 launches a phenomenological clarification of expertise that pinpoints the universal structures embodied in cognition and affect; and part 3 examines the consequences of the social and technical externalization of expertise. Contributors including Edward Said, Alvin Goldman, Peter Singer, Hubert Dreyfus, Julia Annas, Harry Collins, and Don Ihde draw on a number of intellectual approaches to explore the justification of expert authority, the potentially dangerous role of expertise in a liberal democratic society, how laypeople can critique experts, and the social and ideological character of expert advice. The contributors also discuss the reasoning process of judges and juries, the ancient Greek view of moral conduct, and the incorporation of experts into governmental bureaucracy. By honestly tackling the legitimacy and consistency of various positions, this volume sheds much-needed light on the theoretical dimensions of a controversial and pervasive practice. Contributors: Alvin I. Goldman, Don Ihde, Edward Said, Evan Selinger and John Mix, Evan Selinger and Robert P. Crease, H. M. Collins and Robert Evans, Hélène Mialet, Hubert Dreyfus, John Hardwig, Julia Annas, Paul Feyerabend, Peter Singer, Scott Brewer, Steve Fuller, Steven Turner
A History And Philosophy Of Expertise
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Author : Jamie Carlin Watson
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2021-11-18
A History And Philosophy Of Expertise written by Jamie Carlin Watson and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-18 with Philosophy categories.
In this comprehensive tour of the long history and philosophy of expertise, from ancient Greece to the 20th century, Jamie Carlin Watson tackles the question of expertise and why we can be skeptical of what experts say, making a valuable contribution to contemporary philosophical debates on authority, testimony, disagreement and trust. His review sketches out the ancient origins of the concept, discussing its early association with cunning, skill and authority and covering the sort of training that ancient thinkers believed was required for expertise. Watson looks at the evolution of the expert in the middle ages into a type of “genius” or “innate talent” , moving to the role of psychological research in 16th-century Germany, the influence of Darwin, the impact of behaviorism and its interest to computer scientists, and its transformation into the largely cognitive concept psychologists study today.
The Cambridge Handbook Of Expertise And Expert Performance
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Author : K. Anders Ericsson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018-05-17
The Cambridge Handbook Of Expertise And Expert Performance written by K. Anders Ericsson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-17 with Business & Economics categories.
In this book, some of the world's foremost 'experts on expertise' provide scientific knowledge on expertise and expert performance.
Politics And Expertise
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Author : Zeynep Pamuk
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2021-12-21
Politics And Expertise written by Zeynep Pamuk and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-21 with Philosophy categories.
A new model for the relationship between science and democracy that spans policymaking, the funding and conduct of research, and our approach to new technologies Our ability to act on some of the most pressing issues of our time, from pandemics and climate change to artificial intelligence and nuclear weapons, depends on knowledge provided by scientists and other experts. Meanwhile, contemporary political life is increasingly characterized by problematic responses to expertise, with denials of science on the one hand and complaints about the ignorance of the citizenry on the other. Politics and Expertise offers a new model for the relationship between science and democracy, rooted in the ways in which scientific knowledge and the political context of its use are imperfect. Zeynep Pamuk starts from the fact that science is uncertain, incomplete, and contested, and shows how scientists’ judgments about what is significant and useful shape the agenda and framing of political decisions. The challenge, Pamuk argues, is to ensure that democracies can expose and contest the assumptions and omissions of scientists, instead of choosing between wholesale acceptance or rejection of expertise. To this end, she argues for institutions that support scientific dissent, proposes an adversarial “science court” to facilitate the public scrutiny of science, reimagines structures for funding scientific research, and provocatively suggests restricting research into dangerous new technologies. Through rigorous philosophical analysis and fascinating examples, Politics and Expertise moves the conversation beyond the dichotomy between technocracy and populism and develops a better answer for how to govern and use science democratically.
Democratization Of Expertise
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Author : Sabine Maasen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2005
Democratization Of Expertise written by Sabine Maasen and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Philosophy categories.
This collection of essays explores the interface between science and politics using the instruments of social studies of science, and provides new insights into their re-alignment under a new régime of governance that requires participation and accountability.
Philosophy Of Information
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2008-11-10
Philosophy Of Information written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-11-10 with Mathematics categories.
Information is a recognized fundamental notion across the sciences and humanities, which is crucial to understanding physical computation, communication, and human cognition. The Philosophy of Information brings together the most important perspectives on information. It includes major technical approaches, while also setting out the historical backgrounds of information as well as its contemporary role in many academic fields. Also, special unifying topics are high-lighted that play across many fields, while we also aim at identifying relevant themes for philosophical reflection. There is no established area yet of Philosophy of Information, and this Handbook can help shape one, making sure it is well grounded in scientific expertise. As a side benefit, a book like this can facilitate contacts and collaboration among diverse academic milieus sharing a common interest in information.• First overview of the formal and technical issues involved in the philosophy of information• Integrated presentation of major mathematical approaches to information, form computer science, information theory, and logic• Interdisciplinary themes across the traditional boundaries of natural sciences, social sciences, and humanities.
The Death Of Expertise
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Author : Tom Nichols
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2017-02-01
The Death Of Expertise written by Tom Nichols and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-01 with Political Science categories.
Technology and increasing levels of education have exposed people to more information than ever before. These societal gains, however, have also helped fuel a surge in narcissistic and misguided intellectual egalitarianism that has crippled informed debates on any number of issues. Today, everyone knows everything: with only a quick trip through WebMD or Wikipedia, average citizens believe themselves to be on an equal intellectual footing with doctors and diplomats. All voices, even the most ridiculous, demand to be taken with equal seriousness, and any claim to the contrary is dismissed as undemocratic elitism. Tom Nichols' The Death of Expertise shows how this rejection of experts has occurred: the openness of the internet, the emergence of a customer satisfaction model in higher education, and the transformation of the news industry into a 24-hour entertainment machine, among other reasons. Paradoxically, the increasingly democratic dissemination of information, rather than producing an educated public, has instead created an army of ill-informed and angry citizens who denounce intellectual achievement. When ordinary citizens believe that no one knows more than anyone else, democratic institutions themselves are in danger of falling either to populism or to technocracy or, in the worst case, a combination of both. An update to the 2017breakout hit, the paperback edition of The Death of Expertise provides a new foreword to cover the alarming exacerbation of these trends in the aftermath of Donald Trump's election. Judging from events on the ground since it first published, The Death of Expertise issues a warning about the stability and survival of modern democracy in the Information Age that is even more important today.
Knowledge And The State Of Nature
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Author : Edward Craig
language : en
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Release Date : 1991-01-03
Knowledge And The State Of Nature written by Edward Craig and has been published by Clarendon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-01-03 with Philosophy categories.
The standard philosophical project of analysing the concept of knowledge has radical defects in its arbitrary restriction of the subject matter, and its risky theoretical presuppositions. Edward Craig suggests a more illuminating approach, akin to the `state of nature' method found in political theory, which builds up the concept from a hypothesis about the social function of knowledge and the needs it fulfils. Light is thrown on much that philosophers have written about knowledge, about its analysis and the obstacles to its analysis (such as the counter-examples of Edmund Gettier), and on the debate over scepticism. It becomes apparent why many languages not only have such constructions as `knows whether' and `knows that', but also have equivalents of `knows how to' and `know' followed by a direct object. Thus the inquiry is both broadened in scope and made theoretically less fragile.
Understanding Expertise
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Author : Fernand Gobet
language : en
Publisher: Red Globe Press
Release Date : 2016
Understanding Expertise written by Fernand Gobet and has been published by Red Globe Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Psychology categories.
What makes an expert? Do gifted children really exist? How do musicians differ from non-musicians? In exploring questions like these, Gobet provides a comprehensive overview of the field of expertise. With research from psychology, neuroscience, sociology, artificial intelligence and philosophy, this is the best possible guide to the subject.