The Political Economy Of Energy Subsidy Reform
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The Political Economy Of Energy Subsidy Reform
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Author : Gabriela Inchauste
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2017-03-22
The Political Economy Of Energy Subsidy Reform written by Gabriela Inchauste and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-22 with Business & Economics categories.
This book proposes a simple framework for understanding the political economy of subsidy reform and applies it to four in-depth country studies covering more than 30 distinct episodes of reform. Five key lessons emerge. First, energy subsidies often follow a life cycle, beginning as a way to stabilize prices and reduce exposure to price volatility for low-income consumers. However, as they grow in size and political power, they become entrenched. Second, subsidy reform strategies vary because the underlying political economy problems vary. When benefits are concentrated, satisfying (or isolating) interest groups with alternative policies is an important condition for effective reform. When benefits are diffuse, it can be much harder to identify and manage the political coalition needed for reform. Third, governments vary in their administrative and political capacities to implement difficult energy subsidy reforms. Fourth, improvements in social protection systems are often critical to the success of reforms because they make it possible to target assistance to those most in need. Finally, the most interesting cases involve governments that take a strategic approach to the challenges of political economy. In these settings, fixing energy subsidies is central to the governments’ missions of retaining political power and reorganizing how the government delivers benefits to the population. These cases are examples of “reform engineering,†? where governments actively seek to create the capacity to implement alternative policies, depoliticize tariffs, and build credibility around alternative policies. The most successful reforms involve active efforts by policy leaders to identify the political forces supporting energy subsidies and redirect or inoculate them.
The Economics And Political Economy Of Energy Subsidies
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Author : Jon Strand
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2016-07-29
The Economics And Political Economy Of Energy Subsidies written by Jon Strand and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-29 with Business & Economics categories.
The economic and political aspects of energy subsidies, viewed both theoretically and empirically, with a focus on fossil fuel subsidies in developing nations. Government subsidies to energy are widespread and represent a heavy burden on public budgets in many countries. Both producers and consumers may be subsidized; the most common subsidies are for motor fuel consumption and electricity production and consumption. The subsidies to consumers often prove particularly harmful because they result in increased energy consumption, increased carbon emissions, and distortionary effects on consumer behavior. This book fills a void in the literature by providing a first, broad and diverse, analysis of several aspects of the economic and political economy aspects of government energy subsidies. The contributors take both theoretical and empirical approaches, with most of the focus on subsidies to fuel and electricity in non-OECD countries. The chapters cover such topics as energy pricing, reelection incentives for politicians that may encourage excessive subsidies; political corruption and “bribing equilibria,” the the “resource curse” in developing countries when the gains from natural resource windfalls are largely wasted, the “entitlement” of energy subsidies in autocracies, and distributional issues when subsidies targeted to the poor are removed in high-income countries. One chapter discusses nonharmful subsidies: the potential economic effects of subsidizing the manufacturing and deployment of renewable energy. Contributors Carolyn Fischer, Mads Greaker, Mohammad Habibpour, Michelle Harding, Christina Kolerus, Christos Kotsogiannis, Jim Krane, Alber Touna Mama, Raffaele Miniaci, Marco Pani, Ian Parry, Carlo Perroni, Leonzio Rizzo, Knut Einar Rosendahl, Carlo Scarpa, Neda Seiban, Suphi Sen, Jon Strand, Paola Valbonesi, Herman Vollebergh
The Politics Of Fossil Fuel Subsidies And Their Reform
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Author : Jakob Skovgaard
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2018-08-23
The Politics Of Fossil Fuel Subsidies And Their Reform written by Jakob Skovgaard and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-23 with Business & Economics categories.
This comprehensive volume provides the first book-length account on the politics of fossil fuel subsidies. This title is also available as Open Access.
The Quest For Subsidy Reforms In The Middle East And North Africa Region
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Author : Paolo Verme
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-04-21
The Quest For Subsidy Reforms In The Middle East And North Africa Region written by Paolo Verme and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-21 with Political Science categories.
This book is an analysis of energy and food subsidies in the MENA region between 2010 and 2014. Using the World Bank’s proprietary SUBSIM model, the book studies the distribution of subsidies and the simulation of subsidy reforms across eight countries within in a partial equilibrium framework. The distributional analysis of subsidies provides information on who benefits from existing subsidies, while the simulations of subsidy reforms provide information on the outcomes of the reforms in terms of government budget, household welfare, poverty, inequality, and the trade-offs between these outcomes. This focus provides governments with the essential information they need to make decisions on subsidy reforms and consumers with a clear sense of which programs and reforms are successful. The book highlights the historical roots of subsidies, the real trigger of subsidy reforms, and the complexity of subsidy reforms. It discusses the pros and cons of radical and gradualist approaches to reforms, the use of compensation mechanisms and their implications, the advantages and disadvantages of public information campaigns, the political economy of targeting different economic populations, the political timing of reforms, and whether, overall, the reforms observed in the MENA region have been successful. The first book on subsidies in the MENA region that is based on primary micro data, this book is useful for researchers and graduate students studying political economy and working with microsimulation modelling instruments as well as government officials engaged in subsidies reforms, research institutes and private consulting groups advising governments on subsidy reforms.
Implementing Energy Subsidy Reforms
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Author : Maria Vagliasindi
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2012-11-01
Implementing Energy Subsidy Reforms written by Maria Vagliasindi and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Poorly implemented energy subsidies are economically costly to taxpayers and damage the environment. This book aims to provide lessons from a sample of twenty case studies to help policymakers address implementation challenges and overcome political economy and affordability constraints.
Energy Subsidies And Public Social Spending Theory And Evidence
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Author : Mr. Christian Ebeke
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2015-05-06
Energy Subsidies And Public Social Spending Theory And Evidence written by Mr. Christian Ebeke and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-06 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper shows that high energy subsidies and low public social spending can emerge as an equilibrium outcome of a political game between the elite and the middle-class when the provision of public goods is subject to bottlenecks, reflecting weak domestic institutions. We test this and other predictions of our model using a large cross-section of emerging markets and low-income countries. The main empirical challenge is that subsidies and social spending could be jointly determined (e.g., at the time of the budget), leading to a simultaneity bias in OLS estimates. To address this concern, we adopt an identification strategy whereby subsidies in a given country are instrumented by the level of subsidies in neighboring countries. Our Instrumental Variable (IV) estimations suggest that public expenditures in education and health were on average lower by 0.6 percentage point of GDP in countries where energy subsidies were 1 percentage point of GDP higher. Moreover, we find that the crowding-out was stronger in the presence of weak domestic institutions, narrow fiscal space, and among the net oil importers.
Fossil Fuel Subsidy Reforms
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Author : Jun Rentschler
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-04-27
Fossil Fuel Subsidy Reforms written by Jun Rentschler and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-27 with Political Science categories.
Countries around the world are spending up to $500 billion per year on subsidising fossil fuel consumption. By some estimates, the G20 countries alone are spending around another $450 billion on subsidising fossil fuel production. In addition, the indirect social welfare costs of these subsidies have been shown to be substantial – for instance due to air pollution, road congestion, climate change, and economic inefficiency, to name a few. Considering these numbers, there is no doubt that fossil fuel subsidies cause severe economic distortions that compromise countries’ prospects of achieving equitable and sustainable development. This book provides a guide to the complex challenge of designing, assessing, and implementing effective fossil fuel subsidy reforms. It shows that subsidy reform requires a careful balancing of complex economic and political trade-offs, as well as measures to mitigate adverse effects on vulnerable households and to assist firms with implementing efficiency enhancing measures. Going beyond the purely fiscal perspective, this book emphasises that smart subsidy reforms can contribute to all three dimensions of sustainable development – environment, society, and economy. Over the course of eight chapters, this book considers a wide range of agents and stakeholders, markets, and policy measures in order to distil the key principles of designing effective fossil fuel subsidy reforms. This book will be of great relevance to scholars and policy makers with an interest in energy economics and policy, climate change policy, and sustainable development more broadly.
Subsidy Reform And Sustainable Development
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Author : OECD Nuclear Energy Agency
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Subsidy Reform And Sustainable Development written by OECD Nuclear Energy Agency and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Agricultural subsidies categories.
Power Shift
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Author : Peter Newell
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2021-04-15
Power Shift written by Peter Newell and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-15 with Business & Economics categories.
A novel, interdisciplinary account of the global politics of producing, financing, governing and mobilising energy system transformation.
Problem Driven Political Economy Analysis
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Author : Verena Fritz
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2014-01-13
Problem Driven Political Economy Analysis written by Verena Fritz and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-13 with Business & Economics categories.
This volume presents eight good practice examples of problem-driven political economy analysis conducted at the World Bank, and reflect what the Bank has so far been able to achieve in mainstreaming this approach into its operations and policy dialogue.