The Political Economy Of Rare Earth Elements
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The Political Economy Of Rare Earth Elements
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Author : Ryan David Kiggins
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-07-28
The Political Economy Of Rare Earth Elements written by Ryan David Kiggins and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-28 with Political Science categories.
The contributors argue that rare earths are essential to the information technology revolution on which humans have come to depend for communication, commerce, and, increasingly, engage in conflict. They demonstrate that rare earths are a strategic commodity over which political actors will and do struggle for control.
China And The Geopolitics Of Rare Earths
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Author : Sophia Kalantzakos
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018
China And The Geopolitics Of Rare Earths written by Sophia Kalantzakos and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Business & Economics categories.
Resource competition, mineral scarcity, and economic statecraft -- What are rare earths? -- Salt and oil : strategic parallels -- How China came to dominate the rare earth industry
China S Rare Earth Industry And Export Regime
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Author : Wayne M. Morrison
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2012-12-26
China S Rare Earth Industry And Export Regime written by Wayne M. Morrison and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-26 with China categories.
Over the past few years, the Chinese government has implemented a number of policies to tighten its control over the production and export of "rare earths"-a unique group of 17 metal elements on the periodic table that exhibit a range of special properties, such as magnetism, luminescence, and strength. Rare earths are important to a number of high technology industries, including renewable energy and various defense systems.
China S Rare Earth Industry And Export Regime
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Author : Wayne M. Morrison
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012-11-17
China S Rare Earth Industry And Export Regime written by Wayne M. Morrison and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-17 with categories.
Rare Earth Frontiers
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Author : Julie Michelle Klinger
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2018-01-15
Rare Earth Frontiers written by Julie Michelle Klinger and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-15 with Political Science categories.
Owing to their unique magnetic, phosphorescent, and catalytic properties, rare earths are the elements that make possible teverything from the miniaturization of electronics, to the enabling of green energy and medical technologies, to supporting essential telecommunications and defense systems. An iPhone uses eight rare earths for everything from its colored screen, to its speakers, to the miniaturization of the phone?s circuitry. On the periodic table rare earth elements comprise a set of seventeen chemical elements (the fifteen lanthanides plus scandium and yttrium). There would be no Pokémon Go without rare earths. Rare Earth Frontiers is a work of human geography. Klinger looks historically and geographically at the ways rare earth elements in three discrete but representative and contested sites are given meaning.
Wind Energy Deployment And The Relevance Of Rare Earths
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Author : Anja Brumme
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2014-01-27
Wind Energy Deployment And The Relevance Of Rare Earths written by Anja Brumme and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-27 with Science categories.
The worldwide deployment of wind power plants is soaring. Yet the availability of their construction materials could be a potential bottleneck. As rare earth elements represent the most critical materials, Anja Brumme provides a market analysis of rare earths, ascertaining that geological scarcity is not the main problem. Instead, the author identifies four kinds of market failure: market power, co-production, by-production and negative externalities. It becomes apparent that the market for rare earth metals is in a state of severe disequilibrium. Subsequently, her estimate of future rare earth demand patterns based on the wind power industry by 2050 reveals that the current level of supply is unlikely to be sufficient in the long run. To allow for a more elaborate analysis, the author suggests two options of including a rare earth side condition in an integrated assessment model.
The Political Economy Of The Space Age
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Author : Andrea Sommariva
language : en
Publisher: Vernon Press
Release Date : 2018-02-28
The Political Economy Of The Space Age written by Andrea Sommariva and has been published by Vernon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-28 with Business & Economics categories.
This book provides answers to the questions of why human-kind should go into space, and on the relative roles of governments and markets in the evolution of the space economy. It adopts an interdisciplinary approach to answer those questions. Science and technology define the boundaries of what is possible. The realization of the possible depends on economic, institutional, and political factors. The book thus draws from many different academic areas such as physical science, astronomy, astronautics, political science, economics, sociology, cultural studies, and history. In the literature, the space economy has been analyzed using different approaches from science and technology to the effects of public expenditures on economic growth and to medium term effects on productivity and growth. This book brings all these aspects together following the evolutionary theory of economic change. It studies processes that transform the economy through the interactions among diverse economic agents, governments, and the extra-systemic environment in which governments operate. Its historical part helps to better understand motivations and constraints - technical, political, and economical - that shaped the growth of the space economy. In the medium term, global issues - such as population changes, critical or limited natural resources, and environmental damages – and technological innovations are the main drivers for the evolution of the space economy beyond Earth orbit. In universities, this book can be used: as a reference by historians of astronautics; for researchers in the field of astronautics, international political economy, and legal issues related to the space economy. In think tanks and public institutions, both national and international, this book provides an input to the ongoing debate on the collaboration among space agencies and the role of private companies in the development of the space economy. Finally, this book will help the educated general public to orient himself in the forest of stimuli, news, and solicitations to which he is daily subjected by the media, television and radio, and to react in less passive ways to those stimuli.
The Rare Metals War
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Author : Guillaume Pitron
language : en
Publisher: Scribe Publications
Release Date : 2020-08-04
The Rare Metals War written by Guillaume Pitron and has been published by Scribe Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-04 with Nature categories.
The resources race is on. Powering our digital lives and green technologies are some of the Earth’s most precious metals — but they are running out. And what will happen when they do? The green-tech revolution has been lauded as the silver bullet to a new world. One that is at last free of oil, pollution, shortages, and cross-border tensions. Drawing on six years of research across a dozen countries, this book cuts across conventional green thinking to probe the hidden, dark side of green technology. By breaking free of fossil fuels, we are in fact setting ourselves up for a new dependence — on rare metals such as cobalt, gold, and palladium. They are essential to electric vehicles, wind turbines, solar panels, our smartphones, computers, tablets, and other everyday connected objects. China has captured the lion’s share of the rare metals industry, but consumers know very little about how they are mined and traded, or their environmental, economic, and geopolitical costs. The Rare Metals War is a vital exposé of the ticking time-bomb that lies beneath our new technological order. It uncovers the reality of our lavish and ambitious environmental quest that involves risks as formidable as those it seeks to resolve.
Rare Earth Elements
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Author : Marc Humphries
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2010-11
Rare Earth Elements written by Marc Humphries and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-11 with Science categories.
Contents: (1) Intro.; (2) What are Rare Earth Elements (REE)?; (3) Major End Uses and Applications: Demand for REE; The Application of REE in National Defense; (4) Rare Earth Resources and Production Potential; Supply Chain Issues; Role of China; (5) Rare Earth Legislation in the 111th Congress: H.R. 4866, and S. 3521, the Rare Earths Supply-Chain Technology and Resources Transformation Act of 2010; H.R. 5136, the FY 2011 Nat. Defense Authorization Act; P.L. 111-84, the FY 2010 Nat. Defense Authorization Act; (6) Possible Policy Options: Authorize and Appropriate Funding for a USGS Assessment; Support and Encourage Greater Exploration for REE; Challenge China on Its Export Policy; Establish a Stockpile. Illustrations.
Minerals Critical Minerals And The U S Economy
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2008-03-11
Minerals Critical Minerals And The U S Economy written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-03-11 with Political Science categories.
Minerals are part of virtually every product we use. Common examples include copper used in electrical wiring and titanium used to make airplane frames and paint pigments. The Information Age has ushered in a number of new mineral uses in a number of products including cell phones (e.g., tantalum) and liquid crystal displays (e.g., indium). For some minerals, such as the platinum group metals used to make cataytic converters in cars, there is no substitute. If the supply of any given mineral were to become restricted, consumers and sectors of the U.S. economy could be significantly affected. Risks to minerals supplies can include a sudden increase in demand or the possibility that natural ores can be exhausted or become too difficult to extract. Minerals are more vulnerable to supply restrictions if they come from a limited number of mines, mining companies, or nations. Baseline information on minerals is currently collected at the federal level, but no established methodology has existed to identify potentially critical minerals. This book develops such a methodology and suggests an enhanced federal initiative to collect and analyze the additional data needed to support this type of tool.