The Potential Use Of Rock Phosphate In Sudan For Sustainable Agricultural Production

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The Potential Use Of Rock Phosphate In Sudan For Sustainable Agricultural Production

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Author : Inaam Saad
language : en
Publisher: Page Publishing Inc
Release Date : 2022-01-25

The Potential Use Of Rock Phosphate In Sudan For Sustainable Agricultural Production written by Inaam Saad and has been published by Page Publishing Inc this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-25 with Science categories.

Agriculture is primarily the uppermost important sector in Sudan, contributing significantly to the country’s national economy. However, in spite of the country’s vast cultivated area, productivity remains very low. The declining agricultural production is indicative of the need for adopting sustainable agricultural development approaches to the achieve country’s food security. The attainment of sustainable agricultural production will require the proper use of all available resources such as land, water, and mineral resources, including the phosphate rock reserves. Rock phosphate deposits of potential economic value occur at more than a hundred locations in sub-Saharan African countries, including Sudan. Several geological surveys in Sudan have proven the occurrence of abundant resources of phosphate deposits in different locations in the country. For advocating the initiation of rock phosphate mining and phosphate fertilizer industry in Sudan, this book delivers sufficient and validated information on the underutilized resource of rock phosphate in Sudan and exposes its potential role in the development of sustainable agricultural production. The book presents an accurate image of the current status and prospective scenario in relation to rock phosphate deposits and the potential establishment of the fertilizer industry in Sudan. The book presents a comprehensive literature review on the history, advantages, and impacts of using rock phosphate. It also sheds light on the rock phosphate deposits in Sudan, their locations, and geological and agricultural quality as compared to rock phosphate from other global resources. The book presents two detailed case studies on assessing the agronomic value of Kurun and Uro rock phosphate rocks as fertilizers and their environmental impact assessment. The book then highlights the potential benefits of phosphate mining and the initiation of the phosphate fertilizer industry in Sudan, proposes a plan for achieving that goal, and presents recommendations to bring the Sudanese phosphate fertilizer industry to life.

The Potential Use Of Rock Phosphate In Sudan For Sustainable Agricultural Production

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Author : Inaam Saad
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021-12-07

The Potential Use Of Rock Phosphate In Sudan For Sustainable Agricultural Production written by Inaam Saad and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-07 with Science categories.

Agriculture is primarily the uppermost important sector in Sudan, contributing significantly to the country's national economy. However, in spite of the country's vast cultivated area, productivity remains very low. The declining agricultural production is indicative of the need for adopting sustainable agricultural development approaches to the achieve country's food security. The attainment of sustainable agricultural production will require the proper use of all available resources such as land, water, and mineral resources, including the phosphate rock reserves. Rock phosphate deposits of potential economic value occur at more than a hundred locations in sub-Saharan African countries, including Sudan. Several geological surveys in Sudan have proven the occurrence of abundant resources of phosphate deposits in different locations in the country. For advocating the initiation of rock phosphate mining and phosphate fertilizer industry in Sudan, this book delivers sufficient and validated information on the underutilized resource of rock phosphate in Sudan and exposes its potential role in the development of sustainable agricultural production. The book presents an accurate image of the current status and prospective scenario in relation to rock phosphate deposits and the potential establishment of the fertilizer industry in Sudan. The book presents a comprehensive literature review on the history, advantages, and impacts of using rock phosphate. It also sheds light on the rock phosphate deposits in Sudan, their locations, and geological and agricultural quality as compared to rock phosphate from other global resources. The book presents two detailed case studies on assessing the agronomic value of Kurun and Uro rock phosphate rocks as fertilizers and their environmental impact assessment. The book then highlights the potential benefits of phosphate mining and the initiation of the phosphate fertilizer industry in Sudan, proposes a plan for achieving that goal, and presents recommendations to bring the Sudanese phosphate fertilizer industry to life.

Alternative Farming Systems Economic Aspects

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Author : Karl Schneider
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996

Alternative Farming Systems Economic Aspects written by Karl Schneider and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Alternative agriculture categories.

Biostimulants In Agriculture Ii Towards A Sustainable Future

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Author : Maurizio Ruzzi
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2024-06-11

Biostimulants In Agriculture Ii Towards A Sustainable Future written by Maurizio Ruzzi and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-06-11 with Science categories.

Modern agriculture needs to review and broaden its practices and business models, by integrating opportunities coming from different adjacent sectors and value chains, including the bio-based industry, in a fully circular economy strategy. Searching for new tools and technologies to increase crop productivity under optimal and sub-optimal conditions and to improve resources use efficiency is crucial to ensure food security while preserving soil quality, microbial biodiversity, and providing business opportunities for farmers. Biostimulants based on microorganisms or organic substances obtained from renewable materials represent a sustainable, efficient technology or complement to synthetic counterparts, to improve nutrient use efficiency and secure crop yield stability. Under the new European Union Regulation 2019/1009, plant biostimulants were defined based on four agricultural functional claims as follows: Plant biostimulants are products that stimulate plant nutrition processes independently of the product's nutrient content with the sole aim of improving one or more of the following characteristics of the plant and/or the plant rhizosphere: 1) nutrient use efficiency, 2) tolerance resistance to (a)biotic stress, 3) quality characteristics or 4) availability of confined nutrients in the soil or rhizosphere’. Many diverse natural substances and chemical derivatives of natural or synthetic compounds, as well as beneficial microorganisms, are cataloged as plant biostimulants including i) humic substances, ii) plant or animal-based protein hydrolysates, iii) macro and micro-algal extracts, iv) silicon, v) arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and vi) plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) belonging to the Azotobacter, Azospirillum and Rhizobium genera.

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi In Sustainable Agriculture Inoculum Production And Application

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Author : Manoj Parihar
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2024-04-29

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi In Sustainable Agriculture Inoculum Production And Application written by Manoj Parihar and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This 2-volume book is an up-to-date overview of current progress in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal (AMF) technique development, inoculum production and its quality regulations, application in agriculture, horticulture, agroforestry, and other ecosystems, along with nutrient management for sustainable food production. It contains the current advancement in basic and molecular techniques, challenges, opportunities, and determinates of various AMF production methods and major tools and techniques for their field application. Production and development of AMF is rapidly evolving and requires a multidisciplinary approach with up-to-date knowledge to broaden and strengthen the perspective of researchers involved in this domain. The volumes offer new insight and cutting-edge information for novices and experts such as students, academicians, researchers, environmentalists, industrialists, and others interested in mycorrhiza. The first volume covers some basic isolation techniques, enumeration,and molecular studies with recent advances in various in-vitro and in-vivo production technologies, regulatory issues, and application methodologies for field inoculation. It also discusses AMF application in various agroecosystems for sustainable agricultural production and a healthier planet.

Potassium Solubilizing Microorganisms For Sustainable Agriculture

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Author : Vijay Singh Meena
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-06-27

Potassium Solubilizing Microorganisms For Sustainable Agriculture written by Vijay Singh Meena and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-27 with Technology & Engineering categories.

The potassium solubilizing microorganisms (KSMs) are a rhizospheric microorganism which solubilizes the insoluble potassium (K) to soluble forms of K for plant growth and yield. K-solubilization is carried out by a large number of saprophytic bacteria (Bacillus mucilaginosus, B. edaphicus, B. circulans, Acidothiobacillus ferrooxidans, Paenibacillus spp.) and fungal strains (Aspergillus spp. and Aspergillus terreus). Major amounts of K containing minerals (muscovite, orthoclase, biotite, feldspar, illite, mica) are present in the soil as a fixed form which is not directly taken up by the plant. Nowadays most of the farmers use injudicious application of chemical fertilizers for achieving maximum productivity. However, the KSMs are most important microorganisms for solubilizing fixed form of K in soil system. The KSMs are an indigenous rhizospheric microorganism which show effective interaction between soil-plant systems. The main mechanism of KSMs is acidolysis, chelation, exchange reactions, complexolysis and production of organic acid. According to the literature, currently negligible use of potassium fertilizer as chemical form has been recorded in agriculture for enhancing crop yield. Most of the farmers use only nitrogen and phosphorus and not the K fertilizer due to unawareness that the problem of K deficiency occurs in rhizospheric soils. The K fertilizer is also costly as compared to other chemical fertilizers.

Plant Microbiomes For Sustainable Agriculture

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Author : Ajar Nath Yadav
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-03-06

Plant Microbiomes For Sustainable Agriculture written by Ajar Nath Yadav and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book encompasses the current knowledge of plant microbiomes and their potential biotechnological application for plant growth, crop yield and soil health for sustainable agriculture. The plant microbiomes (rhizospheric, endophytic and epiphytic) play an important role in plant growth, development, and soil health. Plant and rhizospheric soil are a valuable natural resource harbouring hotspots of microbes, and it plays critical roles in the maintenance of global nutrient balance and ecosystem function. The diverse group of microbes is key components of soil–plant systems, where they are engaged in an intense network of interactions in the rhizosphere/endophytic/phyllospheric. The rhizospheric microbial diversity present in rhizospheric zones has a sufficient amount of nutrients release by plant root systems in form of root exudates for growth, development and activities of microbes. The endophytic microbes are referred to those microorganisms, which colonize in the interior of the plant parts, viz root, stem or seeds without causing any harmful effect on host plant. Endophytic microbes enter in host plants mainly through wounds, naturally occurring as a result of plant growth, or through root hairs and at epidermal conjunctions. Endophytes may be transmitted either vertically (directly from parent to offspring) or horizontally (among individuals). The phyllosphere is a common niche for synergism between microbes and plant. The leaf surface has been termed as phyllosphere and zone of leaves inhabited by microorganisms as phyllosphere. The plant part, especially leaves, is exposed to dust and air currents resulting in the establishments of typical flora on their surface aided by the cuticles, waxes and appendages, which help in the anchorage of microorganisms. The phyllospheric microbes may survive or proliferate on leaves depending on extent of influences of material in leaf diffuseness or exudates. The leaf diffuseness contains the principal nutrients factors (amino acids, glucose, fructose and sucrose), and such specialized habitats may provide niche for nitrogen fixation and secretions of substances capable of promoting the growth of plants. The microbes associated with plant as rhizospheric, endophytic and epiphytic with plant growth promoting (PGP) attributes have emerged as an important and promising tool for sustainable agriculture. PGP microbes promote plant growth directly or indirectly, either by releasing plant growth regulators; solubilization of phosphorus, potassium and zinc; biological nitrogen fixation or by producing siderophore, ammonia, HCN and other secondary metabolites which are antagonistic against pathogenic microbes. The PGP microbes belong to different phylum of archaea (Euryarchaeota); bacteria (Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Deinococcus-Thermus, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria) and fungi (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota), which include different genera namely Achromobacter, Arthrobacter, Aspergillus, Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Bacillus, Beijerinckia, Burkholderia, Enterobacter, Erwinia, Flavobacterium, Gluconoacetobacter, Haloarcula, Herbaspirillum, Methylobacterium, Paenibacillus, Pantoea, Penicillium, Piriformospora, Planomonospora, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Serratia and Streptomyces. These PGP microbes could be used as biofertilizers/bioinoculants at place of chemical fertilizers for sustainable agriculture. The aim of “Plant Microbiomes for Sustainable Agriculture” is to provide the current developments in the understanding of microbial diversity associated with plant systems in the form of rhizospheric, endophytic and epiphytic. The book is useful to scientist, research and students related to microbiology, biotechnology, agriculture, molecular biology, environmental biology and related subjects.

New And Future Developments In Microbial Biotechnology And Bioengineering

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Author : Ali Asghar Rastegari
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2020-05-16

New And Future Developments In Microbial Biotechnology And Bioengineering written by Ali Asghar Rastegari and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-16 with Technology & Engineering categories.

New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Trends of Microbial Biotechnology for Sustainable Agriculture and Biomedicine Systems: Diversity and Functional Perspectives describes how specific techniques can be used to generalize the metabolism of bacteria that optimize biologic improvement strategies and bio-transport processes. Microbial biotechnology focuses on microbes of agricultural, environmental, industrial, and clinical significance. This volume discusses several methods based on molecular genetics, systems, and biology of synthetic, genomic, proteomic, and metagenomics. Recent developments in our understanding of the role of microbes in sustainable agriculture and biotechnology have created a highly potential research area. The soil and plant microbiomes have a significant role in plant growth promotion, crop yield, soil health and fertility for sustainable developments. The microbes provide nutrients and stimulate plant growth through different mechanisms, including solubilization of phosphorus, potassium, and zinc; biological nitrogen fixation; production of siderophore, ammonia, HCN and other secondary metabolites which are antagonistic against pathogenic microbes. This new book provides an indispensable reference source for engineers/bioengineers, biochemists, biotechnologists, microbiologists, agrochemists, and researchers who want to know about the unique properties of this microbe and explore its sustainable agriculture future applications. - Introduces the principles of microbial biotechnology and its application in plant growth and soil health for sustainable agriculture - Explores various plant microbiomes and their beneficial impact on plant growth for crop improvement - Explains the mechanisms of plant-microbe interaction and plant growth promotion - Includes current applications of microbial consortium for enhance production of crop in eco-friendly manners

Advances In Organic Farming

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Author : Sanchita Brahma
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2024-11-22

Advances In Organic Farming written by Sanchita Brahma and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-11-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Organic agriculture contributes significantly to environmental safety and sustainability of land productivity worldwide. This new book provides an understanding of organic farming, discussing the nutritional importance of organic foods, the effect of climate change on organic agriculture, crop management practices, soil and nutrient management, organic seed production and pest and disease management in organic farming. Some specific topics include the economics of organic farming, strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, integrated organic farming systems, biofortification in organic farming, water and weed management, holistic plant breeding, biofertilizers and vermicomposting, organic seed production, and much more. Bridging the gap between literature and practical applications, this comprehensive book provides a plethora of information for academicians, scientists, researchers, students, farmers, NGOs, agriculture entrepreneurs, and progressive farmers in developing a sound knowledge base on organic farming.

Nutrient Use Efficiency From Basics To Advances

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Author : Amitava Rakshit
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-12-26

Nutrient Use Efficiency From Basics To Advances written by Amitava Rakshit and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-26 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book addresses in detail multifaceted approaches to boosting nutrient use efficiency (NUE) that are modified by plant interactions with environmental variables and combine physiological, microbial, biotechnological and agronomic aspects. Conveying an in-depth understanding of the topic will spark the development of new cultivars and strains to induce NUE, coupled with best management practices that will immensely benefit agricultural systems, safeguarding their soil, water, and air quality. Written by recognized experts in the field, the book is intended to provide students, scientists and policymakers with essential insights into holistic approaches to NUE, as well as an overview of some successful case studies. In the present understanding of agriculture, NUE represents a question of process optimization in response to the increasing fragility of our natural resources base and threats to food grain security across the globe. Further improving nutrient use efficiency is a prerequisite to reducing production costs, expanding crop acreage into non-competitive marginal lands with low nutrient resources, and preventing environmental contamination. The nutrients most commonly limiting plant growth are N, P, K, S and micronutrients like Fe, Zn, B and Mo. NUE depends on the ability to efficiently take up the nutrient from the soil, but also on transport, storage, mobilization, usage within the plant and the environment. A number of approaches can help us to understand NUE as a whole. One involves adopting best crop management practices that take into account root-induced rhizosphere processes, which play a pivotal role in controlling nutrient dynamics in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. New technologies, from basic tools like leaf color charts to sophisticated sensor-based systems and laser land leveling, can reduce the dependency on laboratory assistance and manual labor. Another approach concerns the development of crop plants through genetic manipulations that allow them to take up and assimilate nutrients more efficiently, as well as identifying processes of plant responses to nutrient deficiency stress and exploring natural genetic variation. Though only recently introduced, the ability of microbial inoculants to induce NUE is gaining in importance, as the loss, immobilization, release and availability of nutrients are mediated by soil microbial processes.