The Problems Of Protectionism And Measures To Reduce Obstacles To International Trade In Tourism Services
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The Problems Of Protectionism And Measures To Reduce Obstacles To International Trade In Tourism Services
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Author : World Tourism Organization
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
The Problems Of Protectionism And Measures To Reduce Obstacles To International Trade In Tourism Services written by World Tourism Organization and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Protectionism categories.
Tourism At The Crossroads Challenges To Developing Countries By The New World Trade Order
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: EQUATIONS
Release Date : 1999
Tourism At The Crossroads Challenges To Developing Countries By The New World Trade Order written by and has been published by EQUATIONS this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with categories.
The Collapse Of Global Trade Murky Protectionism And The Crisis
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Author : Richard E. Baldwin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011-03
The Collapse Of Global Trade Murky Protectionism And The Crisis written by Richard E. Baldwin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03 with Business & Economics categories.
The global financial crisis of 2008/9 is the Great Depression of the 21st century. For many though, the similarities stop at the Wall Street Crash as the current generation of policymakers have acted quickly to avoid the mistakes of the past. Yet the global crisis has made room for mistakes all of its own. While governments have apparently kept to their word on refraining from protectionist measures in the style of 1930s tariffs, there has been a disturbing rise in "murky protectionism." Seemingly benign, these crisis-linked policies are twisted to favour domestic firms, workers and investors. This book, first published as an eBook on VoxEU.org in March 2009, brings together leading trade policy practitioners and experts - including Australian Trade Minister Simon Crean and former Mexican President Ernesto Zedillo. Initially its aim was to advise policymakers heading in to the G20 meeting in London, but since the threat of murky protectionism persists, so too do their warnings.
Tourism And Borders
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Author : Helmut Wachowiak
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-02-24
Tourism And Borders written by Helmut Wachowiak and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-24 with Social Science categories.
Although globalization has led to increased cross-border traffic, there has been little examination of how crossing political boundaries affects tourism and vice versa. Bringing together case studies from Europe, the USA and Southern Africa, this volume discusses current issues and policies, destination management and communication, and planning in cross-border areas. Topics studied include borders as tourist attractions and destinations in their own right, as barriers to travel and the growth of tourism, boundaries as links of transit and the growth of supranationalism. The book concludes that the role of borders has changed dramatically in recent years. Many more borders that have traditionally hosted large-scale tourism are becoming more difficult to cross, primarily because of safety and immigration concerns. On the other hand, places that were once forbidden to foreigners are now opening up and new destinations are becoming more commonplace.
Tourism And Political Boundaries
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Author : Dallen J. Timothy
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2002-09-11
Tourism And Political Boundaries written by Dallen J. Timothy and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-09-11 with Business & Economics categories.
In light of today's political transformations and processes of globalisation, this book provides a systematic examination of the relationships between boundaries and tourism.
Environmental Goods And Services
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Author : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
language : en
Publisher: OECD
Release Date : 2001-07-31
Environmental Goods And Services written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and has been published by OECD this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-07-31 with Business & Economics categories.
To what extent are there trade impediments to the transfer and adoption of environmental goods and services? How can these be addressed by global trade negotiations? What is the role of complementary measures in order to ensure "win-win" benefits -- that is promoting both environmental protection and economic growth? And how can developing countries also benefit to ensure a triple -- "win-win-win" -- situation? This book addresses these questions. A key conclusion of the research is the need for policy settings to address both supply and demand-side factors. Indeed supply-side factors, including a diverse and cumulative range of trade barriers are more significant inhibitors of the deployment of technology and service-based solutions to global environmental challenges than has been assumed heretofore. As a new round of services trade negotiations gathers momentum at the World Trade Organisation, and efforts continue to launch a broader WTO Round encompassing tariff negotiations, it is hoped this volume makes a timely contribution to debate on how trade liberalisation can yield concrete results on the journey to sustainable development.
Incorporating Science Economics And Sociology In Developing Sanitary And Phytosanitary Standards In International Trade
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2000-05-31
Incorporating Science Economics And Sociology In Developing Sanitary And Phytosanitary Standards In International Trade written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-05-31 with Medical categories.
The rapid expansion of international trade has brought to the fore issues of conflicting national regulations in the area of plant, animal, and human health. These problems include the concern that regulations designed to protect health can also be used for protection of domestic producers against international competition. At a time when progressive tariff reform has opened up markets and facilitated trade, in part responding to consumer demands for access to a wide choice of products and services at reasonable prices, closer scrutiny of regulatory measures has become increasingly important. At the same time, there are clear differences among countries and cultures as to the types of risk citizens are willing to accept. The activities of this conference were based on the premise that risk analyses (i.e., risk assessment, management, and communication) are not exclusively the domain of the biological and natural sciences; the social sciences play a prominent role in describing how people in different contexts perceive and respond to risks. Any effort to manage sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) issues in international trade must integrate all the sciences to develop practices for risk assessment, management, and communication that recognize international diversity in culture, experience, and institutions. Uniform international standards can help, but no such norms are likely to be acceptable to all countries. Political and administrative structures also differ, causing differences in approaches and outcomes even when basic aims are compatible. Clearly there is considerable room for confusion and mistrust. The issue is how to balance the individual regulatory needs and approaches of countries with the goal of promoting freer trade. This issue arises not only for SPS standards but also in regard to regulations that affect other areas such as environmental quality, working conditions, and the exercise of intellectual property rights. This conference focused on these issues in the specific area of SPS measures. This area includes provisions to protect plant and animal health and life and, more generally, the environment, and regulations that protect humans from foodborne risks. The Society for Risk Analysis defines a risk as the potential for realization of unwanted, adverse consequences to human life, health, property, or the environment; estimation of risk is usually based on the expected value of the conditional probability of the event occurring times the consequence of the event given that it has occurred. The task of this conference and of this report was to elucidate the place of science, culture, politics, and economics in the design and implementation of SPS measures and in their international management. The goal was to explore the critical roles and the limitations of the biological and natural sciences and the social sciences, such as economics, sociology, anthropology, philosophy, and political science in the management of SPS issues and in judging whether particular SPS measures create unacceptable barriers to international trade. The conference's objective also was to consider the elements that would compose a multidisciplinary analytical framework for SPS decision making and needs for future research.
Structural Adjustment World Trade And Third World Tourism
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Structural Adjustment World Trade And Third World Tourism written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Economic stabilization categories.
A Handbook Of International Trade In Services
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Author : Aaditya Mattoo
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2008
A Handbook Of International Trade In Services written by Aaditya Mattoo and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Business & Economics categories.
This title provides a comprehensive introduction to the key issues in trade and liberalization of services. Providing a useful overview of the players involved, the barriers to trade, and case studies in a number of service industries, this is ideal for policymakers and students interested in trade.
Sustainable Tourism In Islands And Small States Issues And Policies
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Author : Lino Briguglio
language : en
Publisher: Burns & Oates
Release Date : 1996
Sustainable Tourism In Islands And Small States Issues And Policies written by Lino Briguglio and has been published by Burns & Oates this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Business & Economics categories.
This is one of a pair of volumes in a projected interdisciplinary series on islands and small states. This text presents a number of different concepts and policies concerning islands and island states. It deals with the economic viewpoint, alternative forms of tourism, the definition of sustainable tourism, size constraints, monitoring and control, implications of climate change and other topics.