The Protective Effect Of Melanin Against Radiation
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The Protective Effect Of Melanin Against Radiation
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Author : George A. Swan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1976
The Protective Effect Of Melanin Against Radiation written by George A. Swan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1976 with categories.
Oxidation and reduction of autoxidative dopa-melanin were studied. Reduction with neither ascorbic acid nor sodium dithionite led to any overall increase in the number of 5,6-dihydroxyindole units in the melanin polymer. The melanin was oxidised using repsectivley potassium ferricyanide and ceric sulphate solutions but in neither case was the melanin e.s.r. signal diminished. The interaction of melanin's free radicals with cupric ions was shown not to be chemical in nature. The number of bound cupric ions was determined and the value used to calculate the number of free radicals in autoxidative dopa-melanin.
Radiobiology Of Malignant Melanoma
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Author : Sergio Fonseca
language : en
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2012
Radiobiology Of Malignant Melanoma written by Sergio Fonseca and has been published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
The goals of the present work are to evaluate the sensitizing/protective effect of melanin in the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of ionizing radiation, including induced oxidative stress modulation in malignant melanoma cells in presence and absence of melanin, and to interpret obtained results in the perspective of melanoma or other malignancies radiotherapy. The biological effects of ionizing radiation interaction are explored with special focus on the biologic effects of radiation in normal and melanoma cells and the interaction of melanin with the damage caused by ionizing radiation (IR). Melanin is a class of pigments present in almost all living beings. Melanin protection against UV radiation is widely acknowledged, but not completely understood; some recent studies claim that melanin can also play an in important role in protection against ionizing radiation. However, other studies evidenced that melanogenesis may be a source of reactive substances, some of them carcinogenic. This study is an attempt to clarify which behavior prevails in IR-exposed cells.
In The Light Of Evolution
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Author : National Academy of Sciences
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
In The Light Of Evolution written by National Academy of Sciences and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Science categories.
The Arthur M. Sackler Colloquia of the National Academy of Sciences address scientific topics of broad and current interest, cutting across the boundaries of traditional disciplines. Each year, four or five such colloquia are scheduled, typically two days in length and international in scope. Colloquia are organized by a member of the Academy, often with the assistance of an organizing committee, and feature presentations by leading scientists in the field and discussions with a hundred or more researchers with an interest in the topic. Colloquia presentations are recorded and posted on the National Academy of Sciences Sackler colloquia website and published on CD-ROM. These Colloquia are made possible by a generous gift from Mrs. Jill Sackler, in memory of her husband, Arthur M. Sackler.
Skin Cancer And Uv Radiation
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Author : Peter Altmeyer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Skin Cancer And Uv Radiation written by Peter Altmeyer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
UV radiation is recognized as the major risk factor for skin can cer. For the last three decades the incidence and mortality of skin cancer have been increasing steadily in almost all parts of the world. Unfortunately, there have been very few advances in the management and treatment of skin cancer. In comparison to other malignant tumors, skin cancer offers the unique opportuni ty to identify this tumor at an early stage. Thus, there is strong interest in preventing death by early diagnosis and prompt treat ment. The proceedings of the International Congress on Skin Cancer and UV Radiation which was held in Bochum Germany in October 1996, reflect the newest scientific standards in the field of skin cancer. The conference in Bochum was a platform for leading scientists from all over the world to discuss the complexity and diversity of UV radiation in its interaction with the skin. Starting with basic science like physiology, immunology, and molecular biochemistry of the skin as influenced by UV radiati on, the book presents a profound survey into the field of skin can cer by focusing on the latest scientific results in prevention, early detection, treatment, and epidemiology. The congress in Bochum in 1996 was organized to provide a starting point for coordinated European strategies against skin cancer with internationally renown scientists.
Sensing The Environment Regulation Of Local And Global Homeostasis By The Skin S Neuroendocrine System
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Author : Andrzej T. Slominski
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-06-02
Sensing The Environment Regulation Of Local And Global Homeostasis By The Skin S Neuroendocrine System written by Andrzej T. Slominski and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-02 with Medical categories.
The skin, the body’s largest organ, is strategically located at the interface with the external environment where it detects, integrates and responds to a diverse range of stressors, including solar radiation. It has already been established that the skin is an important peripheral neuroendocrine-immune organ that is closely networked with central regulatory systems. These capabilities contribute to the maintenance of peripheral homeostasis. Specifically, epidermal and dermal cells produce and respond to classical stress neurotransmitters, neuropeptides and hormones, production which is stimulated by ultraviolet radiation (UVR), biological factors (infectious and non-infectious) and other physical and chemical agents. Examples of local biologically active products are cytokines, biogenic amines (catecholamines, histamine, serotonin and N-acetyl-serotonin), melatonin, acetylocholine, neuropeptides including pituitary (proopiomelanocortin-derived ACTH, b-endorphin or MSH peptides, thyroid stimulating hormone) and hypothalamic (corticotropin-releasing factor and related urocortins, thyroid-releasing hormone) hormones, as well as enkephalins and dynorphins, thyroid hormones, steroids (glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, sex hormones, 7-δ steroids), secosteroids, opioids and endocannabinoids. The production of these molecules is hierarchical, organized along the algorithms of classical neuroendocrine axes such as the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HPA), hypothalamic-thyroid axis (HPT), serotoninergic, melatoninergic, catecholaminergic, cholinergic, steroid/secosteroidogenic, opioid and endocannabinoid systems. Disruptions of these axes or of communication between them may lead to skin and/or systemic diseases. These local neuroendocrine networks also serve to limit the effect of noxious environmental agents to preserve local and consequently global homeostasis. Moreover, the skin-derived factors/systems can also activate cutaneous nerve endings to alert the brain to changes in the epidermal or dermal environments, or alternatively to activate other coordinating centers by direct (spinal cord) neurotransmission without brain involvement. Furthermore, rapid and reciprocal communications between epidermal and dermal and adnexal compartments are also mediated by neurotransmission including antidromic modes of conduction. Lastly, skin cells and the skin as an organ coordinate and/or regulate not only peripheral but also global homeostasis.
Ultraviolet Light In Human Health Diseases And Environment
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Author : Shamim I. Ahmad
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-11-08
Ultraviolet Light In Human Health Diseases And Environment written by Shamim I. Ahmad and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-08 with Medical categories.
This book is about the roles and importance of Ultraviolet (UV) light from sun and from man-made UV lamps in our daily life, on health and diseases, also its application in sterilization and treatment. The key words are: reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, UV mutagenicity, skin cancers, polymorphous light eruption, Xeroderma pigmentosum, vitiligo, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndromes, cardiovascular diseases, dermatology, photobiology, photodermatosis, vitamin D synthesis, vitamin D efficiency, water sterilization, blood sterilization, phototherapies, skin tanning and UV dosimeter. The book starts with introduction to UV light and the history of development of UV lamps and its applications. It then moves to describing the interaction of this light with biological components and the production of reactive oxygen species, their roles in cell signaling, cellular defense from foreign invaders, in mutagenesis leading to skin diseases including vitiligo, polymorphous light eruption and various forms of skin cancer. Then it presents the synthesis and importance of UV light and diseases, induced due to the deficiency of vitamin D. Roles of UV light in sterilization, disinfection, phototherapies are depicted in the next part and finally use and abuse of UV light in tanning salon and the availability and importance of use of UV dosimeter are highlighted. The three main focuses of this book are: - Damage to biological systems by UV light leading to certain skin diseases; most importantly skin cancers. - Importance of UV light in the in vivo synthesis of vitamin D when human bodies are exposed to it. - Diseases caused due to the deficiency of vitamin D and the use of UV lamps in phototherapy and sterilization processes. The editor has considerable experience in publishing medical books and has used it critically selecting the matters which will attract the readers from many areas of medical and non-medical fields. It is hoped that the materials presented in this book will give great benefit and will stimulate both novice and expert researchers in the field. The book gives excellent overviews of the current status of research and pointers to the future research achievements. Clinicians, medical general practitioners, technicians and staff working in UV related industries and especially those working in tanning salon should benefit from the information presented in safe handling of this light.
Extremophiles Handbook
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Author : Koki Horikoshi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-12-08
Extremophiles Handbook written by Koki Horikoshi and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-08 with Science categories.
The Extremophiles Handbook brings together the rapidly growing and often scattered information on microbial life in the whole range of extreme environments. This book will be a useful reference for finding clues to the origin of life and for exploring the biotechnology potential of these fascinating organisms.
Vitamin C In Human Health And Disease
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Author : Wang Jae Lee
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-08-06
Vitamin C In Human Health And Disease written by Wang Jae Lee and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-06 with Medical categories.
This book presents the scientific evidence for the role of vitamin C in health and disease and offers new guidance on vitamin C intake in humans. The importance of vitamin C in preventing cancer and cardiovascular disease, its relevance to aging and stress, and its impacts on each of the human body systems are thoroughly assessed on the basis of the author’s extensive research and his deep understanding, as an anatomy professor, of the body as a whole. Findings published in the international scientific literature are fully taken into account, and due consideration is also given to empirical evidence, bearing in mind that mechanisms of action cannot always be precisely defined in the absence of human experiments. Beyond providing an up-to-date scientific perspective on the effects of vitamin C, the author hopes to promote human health worldwide by encouraging proper use of the vitamin. To this end, recommendations are made on the amount of vitamin C that should be taken daily and on the best way to take it. The book will be of interest to researchers, clinicians, and all others who wish to learn more about this vitamin and its significance.
Nuclear Science Abstracts
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1975
Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with Nuclear energy categories.
Handbook Of Particle Detection And Imaging
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Author : Claus Grupen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-01-08
Handbook Of Particle Detection And Imaging written by Claus Grupen and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-08 with Science categories.
The handbook centers on detection techniques in the field of particle physics, medical imaging and related subjects. It is structured into three parts. The first one is dealing with basic ideas of particle detectors, followed by applications of these devices in high energy physics and other fields. In the last part the large field of medical imaging using similar detection techniques is described. The different chapters of the book are written by world experts in their field. Clear instructions on the detection techniques and principles in terms of relevant operation parameters for scientists and graduate students are given.Detailed tables and diagrams will make this a very useful handbook for the application of these techniques in many different fields like physics, medicine, biology and other areas of natural science.