The Quebec Liberation Front Flq As An Insurgency
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The Quebec Liberation Front Flq As An Insurgency
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Author : L. T. C. Alain Carrier
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010-08-04
The Quebec Liberation Front Flq As An Insurgency written by L. T. C. Alain Carrier and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-08-04 with categories.
The Quebec Liberation Front (FLQ) as an Insurgency by LTC Alain Carrier, Canadian Military Engineers, 54 pages. This monograph demonstrates that the FLQ was an insurgency through the verification of four characteristics common to five insurgency definitions. The Canadian government's initiatives and actions simply kept the FLQ insurgency from moving past the proto-insurgency stage. Theorists like Bard E. O'Neill argue that governments hold the advantage while an insurgency remains only in the making. However, O'Neill also states that governments show complacency judging an insurgency at the proto-insurgency stage too small to warrant any immediate action. The Canadian government avoided that road and chose a more proactive approach to the FLQ. The FLQ insurgency failed to grow pass the proto-insurgency stage. Conditions created and actions taken by the government made organizing, self-sustainment, and growing, impossible for the FLQ. As a result, the FLQ insurgency failed. Studying insurgencies at the proto-insurgency level reveals a lot about what an insurgency is and how a government can influence its growth. A study case like the FLQ further highlights how the odds of a government defeating an insurgency become higher, when the insurgency's identification and understanding happen early. However, the government must apply proactive actions and show the willingness to take some risks, including the consideration of an appropriate use of coercive countermeasures, to improve the odds in its favor.
The Front De Lib Ration Du Qu Bec Flq And The Efficacy Of Terrorism
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Author : Michael Kennedy
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2014-02-12
The Front De Lib Ration Du Qu Bec Flq And The Efficacy Of Terrorism written by Michael Kennedy and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-12 with Political Science categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2013 in the subject Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict, Security, grade: A, Webster University, language: English, abstract: During the 1960‟s and early 1970‟s, a rise in Quebec nationalism led to an independence movement through violent means. Although violence was characteristic of a relatively small group of individuals compared with the moderately supportive general public, the Front de Libération du Québec (FLQ) was successful in eliciting public support for its cause. However, due to a series of responses by the Quebec provincial government and Canadian federal government, public support quickly declined following the implementation of the War Measures Act in October 1970. Although a risky decision on the part of the federal government, the War Measures Act successfully halted violent terrorist tactics in the name of Quebec sovereignty. This furthermore produced a foundation for Quebec separatists, moderates and FLQ members alike, to vote on independence through legitimate means. The growth and effectiveness of domestic political terrorism can be analyzed through theoretical frameworks. Furthermore, the actions of target groups to combat terrorist objectives are also important in understanding the ability of whether a terrorist organization will succeed or not. The need to understand the cause of terrorism also aids in understanding whether it can be successfully eliminated. Through the lens of Nicholas O. Berry‟s (1987) Theories on the efficacy of terrorism, this paper examines the Quebec separatist movement and the rise and fall of the Front de Libération du Québec terrorist group.
Managing Terrorism And Insurgency
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Author : Cameron I. Crouch
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2009-09-10
Managing Terrorism And Insurgency written by Cameron I. Crouch and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-10 with History categories.
This book examines how governments can weaken the regenerative capabilities of terrorist and insurgent groups. The exploration of this question takes the form of a two-tier examination of three insurgent actors whose capacity to regenerate weakened in the past: the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) of Canada, the Movimiento de Liberación Nacional - Tupamaros (MLN-T) of Uruguay and the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) of Northern Ireland during the mid-1970s. At the first level of its examination, the book investigates the extent to which the regenerative capacities of the FLQ, MLN-T, and PIRA weakened because of an increase in attrition and a decrease in recruitment. The primary objectives of this analysis are to uncover whether a declining intake of recruits played a lesser, equal, or greater role than a burgeoning loss of personnel in weakening the capacities to regenerate of the three insurgent actors; and, in turn, to shed greater light on the broader validity of the prevailing view in conflict studies that a decrease in recruitment is more important than an increase in attrition in effecting the corrosion of an insurgent actor's capacity to regenerate. At the second level of its exploration, the book assesses the effectiveness of five of the most prominent policy prescriptions in the literature and insurgent recruitment and attrition: ameliorating grievances, selective repression, discrediting insurgent ideology, improving intelligence collection, and restricting civil liberties This book will be of much interest to students of terrorism and counter-terrorism, conflict studies, strategic studies and security studies in general. Cameron Crouch is currently an Analyst at Allen Consulting Group, an Australian economics and public policy consulting firm. He has a PhD from the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre at The Australian National University.
Venezuelan Insurgency 1960 1968
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Author : H. Micheal Tarver
language : en
Publisher: Xlibris Corporation
Release Date : 2001-10-12
Venezuelan Insurgency 1960 1968 written by H. Micheal Tarver and has been published by Xlibris Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-10-12 with History categories.
Venezuelan Insurgency, 1960-1968: A Successful Failure examines and analyzes the Venezuelan Extreme Left and its activities from the first serious uprising against the government of Venezuelan President Rmulo Betancourt in April 1960 through the Venezuelan national elections of December 1968. As background, an examination of Venezuelan politics begins with the 1899 introduction to power by President Cipriano Castro in order to provide a framework to the development of the political environment from which the prominent insurgency and government leaders emerged. In addition, a summary examination of contemporary global insurgency and terrorism introduces the specific examination of the Venezuelan Extreme Left and the reasons why it viewed guerrilla warfare and urban terrorism as the paths necessary to achieve its goals. The work also undertakes an assessment of the Venezuelan peasantry in order to shed light on the reasons that, in general, they remained loyal to the Venezuelan government rather than support the Left. Finally, the present work presents some conclusions concerning the political impact of the insurgency movement on the Venezuelan democratic process.
Global Terrorism
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Author : James M. Lutz
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2004
Global Terrorism written by James M. Lutz and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Security, International categories.
This textbook is a comprehensive introduction to global terrorism helping students to understand the history, politics, ideologies and strategies of both contemporary and older terrorist groups. Written in a clear and accessible style, each chapter explains a different aspect of terrorism and illustrates this with a wide variety of case studies from across the world. Topics covered include: * definitions and typology of terrorism * classifications of groups, weapons and techniques * religious terrorism * ethnic disputes * left wing and right wing extremism * state-sponsored terrorism * techniques for countering terrorism * future development of terrorist activity Case studies include: * Terror in the French Revolution * The Zealots * Irish Republicanism * The Italian Red Brigades * American militias * Columbia * Ethnic cleansing in Bosnia-Herzegovina * SriLanka * Al-Qeada . PLO The unique combination of a genuinely historical focus and truly global coverage make this the ideal introductory textbook for anyone studying terrorism or for the general reader with an interest in the key issue facing 21st Century society.
Anti American Terrorism From Eisenhower To Trump A Chronicle Of The Threat And Response Volume I The Eisenhower Through Carter Administrations
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Author : Dennis A Pluchinsky
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2020-03-23
Anti American Terrorism From Eisenhower To Trump A Chronicle Of The Threat And Response Volume I The Eisenhower Through Carter Administrations written by Dennis A Pluchinsky and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-23 with Political Science categories.
'Pluchinsky's first volume focusing on anti-American terrorism is a densely packed and comprehensive look at one of the most complex US national security challenges our nation faces. It reflects the evolving nature of terrorism that has changed with the politics, technology, and media during this tumultuous period in US history. The book is also a thorough accounting of how US policymakers attempt to find solutions to address this dynamic issue. A broad spectrum of terrorism experts, policymakers, and casual reads will undoubtedly find noteworthy facts about terrorist attacks that targeted US interest abroad and at home in this volume. Pluchinsky's level of detail and strong qualitative methodology makes this work an essential desk reference for any serious terrorism scholar.'Studies in Intelligence 'This is a truly magisterial work of scholarship. By pulling all this material together in one place, and by organizing it so accessibly, Pluchinsky has performed an invaluable service for researchers and counter-terrorism practitioners alike … the real selling point is the factual content. Pluchinsky has written the definitive contextual history of US counter-terrorism policy and these volumes, and I confidently expect the two companion volumes still to come, deserve a place in every serious library of terrorism.'Critical Studies on TerrorismOne of the major international security concerns that surfaced in the post-World War II period was the emergence and evolution of international terrorism. The dominant theme in the evolution of this threat has been anti-American terrorism. No other country in the world has had its overseas interests subjected to the level, lethality, diversity, and geographic scope of international terrorist activity than the United States. This four-volume work recounts the development of this threat through 12 US presidential administrations over a 70-year period. It assesses the terrorist threat in the US and overseas and how the government has responded with counter-terrorism policies, strategies, programs, organizations, legislation, international conventions, executive orders, special operations units, and actions. The evolution of the field of terrorism in academia, think tanks, institutes, and the private sector over these 12 administrations is also chronicled.
The Routledge Handbook Of Terrorism Research
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Author : Alex P. Schmid
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2011-02-25
The Routledge Handbook Of Terrorism Research written by Alex P. Schmid and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-02-25 with Political Science categories.
This major new Handbook synthesises more than two decades of scholarly research, and provides a comprehensive overview of the field of terrorism studies. The content of the Handbook is based on the responses to a questionnaire by nearly 100 experts from more than 20 countries as well as the specific expertise and experience of the volume editor and the various contributors. Together, they guide the reader through the voluminous literature on terrorism, and propose a new consensus definition of terrorism, based on an extensive review of existing conceptualisations. The work also features a large collection of typologies and surveys a wide range of theories of terrorism. Additional chapters survey terrorist databases and provide a guide to available resources on terrorism in libraries and on the Internet. It also includes the most comprehensive World Directory of Extremist, Terrorist and other Organizations associated with Guerrilla Warfare, Political Violence, Protest and Organized- and Cyber-Crime. The Routledge Handbook of Terrorism Research will be an essential work of reference for students and researchers of terrorism and political violence, security studies, criminology, political science and international relations, and of great interest to policymakers and professionals in the field of counter-terrorism.
Modern Insurgencies And Counter Insurgencies
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Author : Ian F. W. Beckett
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2001-07-26
Modern Insurgencies And Counter Insurgencies written by Ian F. W. Beckett and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-07-26 with History categories.
Modern Insurgencies and Counter-Insurgencies explores how unconventional warfare tactics have opposed past and present governments all over the world, from eighteenth-century guerrilla warfare to the urban terrorism of today. Insurgency remains one of the most prevalent forms of conflict and presents a crucial challenge to the international communi
Quotations On Terrorism
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Author : Harry Kawilarang
language : en
Publisher: Trafford Publishing
Release Date : 2004
Quotations On Terrorism written by Harry Kawilarang and has been published by Trafford Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Political Science categories.
The year 2000 showed that terrorism continues to pose a clear and present danger to the international community. Terrorism is becoming a strategy that has a long history, but one that took on a particularly deadly caste beginning in the 21th century. The leaders of some of the most dangerous terrorist groups to emerge in the past decade have headquarters or major offices in Afghanistan, and their associates threaten stability in many real and potential trouble spots around the globe - from Indonesia to the Balkans, Central Asia to the Persian Gulf, Western China to Somalia, and Western Europe to South Asia. Terrorists attempt not only to sow panic but also to undermine confidence in the government and political leadership of their target country. Terrorism is therefore designed to have psychological effects that reach far beyond its impact on the immediate victims or object of an attack. Terrorists mean to frighten and thereby intimidate a wider audience, such as a rival ethnic or religious group, an entire country and its political leadership, or the international community as a whole. All terrorist acts involve violence or "equally important" the threat of violence. These violent acts are committed by nongovernmental groups or individuals that is, by those who are neither part of nor officially serving in the military forces, law enforcement agencies, intelligence services, or other governmental agencies of an established nation-state. Terrorism has occurred throughout history for a variety of reasons. It causes can be historical, cultural, political, social, psychological, economic, or religious, or any combination of these. Some countries have proven to be particularly susceptible to terrorism at certain times, as Italy and West Germany were during the 1970s. Terrorist violence escalated precipitously in those two countries for a decade before declining equally dramatically. Other countries, such as Canada and The Netherlands, have proven to be more resistant, and have experienced only a few isolated terrorist incidents. In general, democratic countries have provided more fertile ground for terrorism because of the open nature of their societies. In such societies citizens have fundamental rights, civil liberties are legally protected, and government control and constant surveillance of its citizens and their activities is absent. By the same token, repressive societies, in which the government closely monitors citizens and restricts their speech and movement, have often provided more difficult environments for terrorists. But even police states have not been immune to terrorism, despite limiting civil liberties and forbidding free speech and rights of assembly. Examples include Russia under tsarist rule and the Communist-ruled Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, as well as the People's Republic of China, Myanmar, and Laos. The author expressed it all through quotations which was compiled from public figures, authors, poets, scholars, experts, professionals, statements, and the common people, and collected from books, newspapers, news-weeklies, poems, speeches, oral conversations, etc from all part of the world in connecting with the content of this book since 1980.
How Terrorist Groups End
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Author : Seth G. Jones
language : en
Publisher: Rand Corporation
Release Date : 2008
How Terrorist Groups End written by Seth G. Jones and has been published by Rand Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Political Science categories.
How terrorist groups end -- Policing and Japan's Aum Shinrikyo -- Politics and the FMLN in El Salvador -- Military force and Al Qa'ida in Iraq -- The limits of America's Al Qa'ida strategy -- Ending the 'war' on terrorism.