The Role Of Working Memory In Language Comprehension
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The Role Of Working Memory In Language Comprehension
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Author : Patricia Anderson Carpenter
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
The Role Of Working Memory In Language Comprehension written by Patricia Anderson Carpenter and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Reading comprehension categories.
This chapter provides an account of the transient computational and storage demands that typically arise during comprehension, and of the information management policies that attempt to satisfy those demands. The chapter describes a number of recent studies that examine the trading relation between computation and storage in working memory during language comprehension. Comprehension processes tends to minimize storage requirements by minimize the number of partial products that have to be stored. The minimization is accomplished by immediately digesting as much of the information from the text as possible (what we have called the immediacy of processing), rather than using a 'wait-and-see' strategy. A second focus is on the differences among individuals in their ability to maintain information in working memory during comprehension. We have that such individual differences in working memory capacity are closely related to large and stable individual differences in reading comprehension ability. Keywords: Working memory, Reading comprehension, Individual differences.
Working Memory And Language
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Author : Susan E. Gathercole
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-02-04
Working Memory And Language written by Susan E. Gathercole and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-04 with Psychology categories.
This book evaluates the involvement of working memory in five central aspects of language processing: vocabulary acquisition, speech production, reading development, skilled reading, and comprehension. The authors draw upon experimental, neuropsychological and developmental evidence in a wide-ranging evaluation of the contribution of two components of working memory to each aspect of language. The two components are the phonological loop, which is specialised for the processing and maintenance of verbal material, and the general-purpose processing system of the central executive. A full introduction to the application of the working memory model to normal adults, neuropsychological patients and children is provided in the two opening chapters. Non-experts within this area will find these chapters particularly useful in providing a clear statement of the current theoretical and empirical status of the working memory model. Each of the following chapters examines the involvement of working memory in one specialised aspect of language processing, in each case integrating the available experimental, neuropsychological and developmental evidence. The book will therefore be of direct relevance to researchers interested in both language processing and memory. Working Memory and Language is unique in that it draws together findings from normal adults, brain-damaged patients, and children. For each of these populations, working memory involvement in language processing ranging from the speech production to comprehension are evaluated. Working Memory and Language provides a comprehensive analysis of just what roles working memory does play in the processing of language.
The Cambridge Handbook Of Working Memory And Language
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Author : John W. Schwieter
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2022-07-21
The Cambridge Handbook Of Working Memory And Language written by John W. Schwieter and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-21 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Bringing together cutting-edge research, this Handbook is the first comprehensive text to examine the pivotal role of working memory in first and second language acquisition, processing, impairments, and training. Authored by a stellar cast of distinguished scholars from around the world, the Handbook provides authoritative insights on work from diverse, multi-disciplinary perspectives, and introduces key models of working memory in relation to language. Following an introductory chapter by working memory pioneer Alan Baddeley, the collection is organized into thematic sections that discuss working memory in relation to: Theoretical models and measures; Linguistic theories and frameworks; First language processing; Bilingual acquisition and processing; and Language disorders, interventions, and instruction. The Handbook is sure to interest and benefit researchers, clinicians, speech therapists, and advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students in linguistics, psychology, education, speech therapy, cognitive science, and neuroscience, or anyone seeking to learn more about language, cognition and the human mind.
The Role Of Working Memory In Second Language Reading Comprehension
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Author : Mohammadtaghi Shahnazari Dorcheh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
The Role Of Working Memory In Second Language Reading Comprehension written by Mohammadtaghi Shahnazari Dorcheh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with English language categories.
"This study examined the role of working memory capacity in the development of second language reading at beginning, intermediate and advanced levels. A total of 140 L1 Persian EFL learners at the beginning, intermediate and advanced levels participated in the study. They were all studying English as a foreign language in a private language school. All the participants completed an L1 reading span test based on Daneman & Carpenter's (1980), a math span test based on Robert and Gibson (2002) and Salthouse & Babcock (1991), and an English non-word recognition task adapted from Gathercole, Pickering, Hall, & Peaker (2001). The participants also completed measures of reading proficiency, including a cloze test, a short- answer comprehension test, and a reading recall (the texts were adjusted for different proficiency levels). Multiple regression analysis was applied to determine whether there was any significant relationship between working memory and reading at different levels of proficiency. The results of this study indicated a significant relationship between working memory capacity and L2 reading ability only among learners of lower proficiency, not for the intermediate and advanced levels. This suggests that working memory plays a diminishing role in discriminating performance on second language reading measures at higher levels of proficiency."--Abstract.
The Effects Of Verbal Working Memory Training On Language Comprehension In Older Adulthood
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
The Effects Of Verbal Working Memory Training On Language Comprehension In Older Adulthood written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Working Memory In Second Language Acquisition And Processing
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Author : Zhisheng Wen
language : en
Publisher: Multilingual Matters
Release Date : 2015
Working Memory In Second Language Acquisition And Processing written by Zhisheng Wen and has been published by Multilingual Matters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This unique volume offers a comprehensive discussion of essential theoretical and methodological issues concerning the pivotal role of working memory in second language learning and processing. The collection opens with a foreword and introductory theoretical chapters written by leading figures in the field of cognitive psychology. Following these are three research sections containing chapters providing original data and innovative insights into the dynamic and complex relationships between working memory and specific areas of second language processing, instruction, performance and development. Each section concludes with a commentary which is written by a noted SLA researcher and which charts the course for future research. This book provides a fascinating collection of perspectives on the relationship between working memory and second language learning and will appeal to those interested in the integration of cognitive psychology with SLA research.
Working Memory And Second Language Learning
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Author : Zhisheng (Edward) Wen
language : en
Publisher: Multilingual Matters
Release Date : 2016-06-06
Working Memory And Second Language Learning written by Zhisheng (Edward) Wen and has been published by Multilingual Matters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-06 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book introduces an approach to understanding and measuring working memory components and functions in second language learning, processing and development. It presents comprehensive, thorough and updated reviews of relevant literatures from cognitive sciences and applied linguistics. Drawing on multidisciplinary research, the book advocates a conceptual framework for integrating working memory theories with second language acquisition theories. An innovative theoretical model is also presented, which illuminates research studies investigating the distinctive roles of phonological and executive working memory as they relate to specific L2 learning domains, skills and processes. Theoretical and methodological implications of this integrative perspective are further elaborated and discussed within the specific realms of L2 task-based performance and language aptitude research.
Complex Information Processing
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Author : David Klahr
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2013-05-13
Complex Information Processing written by David Klahr and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-13 with Psychology categories.
Here, several leading experts in the area of cognitive science summarize their current research programs, tracing Herbert A. Simon's influence on their own work -- and on the field of information processing at large. Topics covered include problem- solving, imagery, reading, writing, memory, expertise, instruction, and learning. Collectively, the chapters reveal a high degree of coherence across the various specialized disciplines within cognition -- a coherence largely attributable to the initial unity in Simon's seminal and pioneering contributions.
Visuo Spatial Working Memory
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Author : Robert H. Logie
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-03-18
Visuo Spatial Working Memory written by Robert H. Logie and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-18 with Psychology categories.
Representation of the visual and spatial properties of our environment is a pivotal requirement of everyday cognition. We can mentally represent the visual form of objects. We can extract information from several of the senses as to the location of objects in relation to ourselves and to other objects nearby. For some of those objects we can reach out and manipulate them. We can also imagine ourselves manipulating objects in advance of doing so, or even when it would be impossible to do so physically. The problem posed to science is how these cognitive operations are accomplished, and proffered accounts lie in two essentially parallel research endeavours, working memory and imagery. Working memory is thought to pervade everyday cognition, to provide on-line processing and temporary storage, and to update, moment to moment, our representation of the current state of our environment and our interactions with that environment. There is now a strong case for the claims of working memory in the area of phonological and articulatory functions, all of which appear to contribute to everyday activities such as counting, arithmetic, vocabulary acquisition, and some aspects of reading and language comprehension. The claims for visual and spatial working memory functions are less convincing. Most notable has been the assumption that visual and spatial working memory are intimately involved in the generation, retention and manipulations of visual images. There has until recently been little hard evidence to justify that assumption, and the research on visual and spatial working memory has focused on a relatively restricted range of imagery tasks and phenomena. In a more or less independent development, the literature on visual imagery has now amassed a voluminous corpus of data and theory about a wide range of imagery phenomena. Despite this, few books on imagery refer to the concept of working memory in any detail, or specify the nature of the working memory system that might be involved in mental imagery. This essay follows a line of reconciliation and positive critiquing in exploring the possible overlap between mental imagery and working memory. Theoretical development in the book draws on data from both cognitive psychology and cognitive neuropsychology. The aim is to stimulate debate, to address directly a number of assumptions that hitherto have been implicit, and to assess the contribution of the concept of working memory to our understanding of these intriguing core aspects of human cognition.
Constraints On Language Aging Grammar And Memory
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Author : Susan Kemper
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-05-08
Constraints On Language Aging Grammar And Memory written by Susan Kemper and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-08 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Susan Kemper A debate about the role of working memory in language processing has become center-most in psycholinguistics (Caplan & Waters, in press; Just & Carpenter, 1992; Just, Carpenter, & Keller, 1996; Waters & Caplan, 1996). This debate concerns which aspects of language processing are vulnerable to working memory limitations, how working memory is best measured, and whether compensatory processes can offset working memory limitations. Age-comparative studies are particularly relevant to this debate for several reasons: difficulties with language and communication are frequently mentioned by older adults and signal the onset of Alzheimer's dementia and other pathologies associated with age; older adults commonly experience working memory limitations that affect their ability to perform everyday activities; the rapid aging of the United States population has forced psychologists and gerontologists to examine the effects of aging on cognition, drawing many investigators to the study of cognitive aging. Older adults constitute ideal population for studying how working memory limitations affect cognitive performance, particularly language and communication. Age-comparative studies of cognitive processes have advanced our understanding of the temporal dynamics of cognition as well as the working memory demands of many types of tasks (Kliegl, Mayr, & Krampe, 1994; Mayr & Kliegl, 1993). The research findings reviewed in this volume have clear implications - for addressing the practical problems of older adults as consumers of leisure ti- reading, radio and television broadcasts, as targets of medical, legal, and financial documents, and as participants in a web of service agencies and volunteer activities.