The Roles Of Immigrants And Foreign Students In Us Science Innovation And Entrepreneurship
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The Roles Of Immigrants And Foreign Students In Us Science Innovation And Entrepreneurship
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Author : Ina Ganguli
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2020-02-19
The Roles Of Immigrants And Foreign Students In Us Science Innovation And Entrepreneurship written by Ina Ganguli and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-19 with Business & Economics categories.
The number of immigrants in the US science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workforce and among recipients of advanced STEM degrees at US universities has increased in recent decades. In light of the current public debate about immigration, there is a need for evidence on the economic impacts of immigrants on the STEM workforce and on innovation. Using new data and state-of-the-art empirical methods, this volume examines various aspects of the relationships between immigration, innovation, and entrepreneurship, including the effects of changes in the number of immigrants and their skill composition on the rate of innovation; the relationship between high-skilled immigration and entrepreneurship; and the differences between immigrant and native entrepreneurs. It presents new evidence on the postgraduation migration patterns of STEM doctoral recipients, in particular the likelihood these graduates will return to their home country. This volume also examines the role of the US higher education system and of US visa policy in attracting foreign students for graduate study and retaining them after graduation.
The Roles Of Immigrants And Foreign Students In Us Science Innovation And Entrepreneurship
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Author : Ina Ganguli
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2020-02-19
The Roles Of Immigrants And Foreign Students In Us Science Innovation And Entrepreneurship written by Ina Ganguli and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-19 with Business & Economics categories.
The number of immigrants in the US science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workforce and among recipients of advanced STEM degrees at US universities has increased in recent decades. In light of the current public debate about immigration, there is a need for evidence on the economic impacts of immigrants on the STEM workforce and on innovation. Using new data and state-of-the-art empirical methods, this volume examines various aspects of the relationships between immigration, innovation, and entrepreneurship, including the effects of changes in the number of immigrants and their skill composition on the rate of innovation; the relationship between high-skilled immigration and entrepreneurship; and the differences between immigrant and native entrepreneurs. It presents new evidence on the postgraduation migration patterns of STEM doctoral recipients, in particular the likelihood these graduates will return to their home country. This volume also examines the role of the US higher education system and of US visa policy in attracting foreign students for graduate study and retaining them after graduation.
Inventor Data For Research On Migration And Innovation A Survey And A Pilot
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Author : World Intellectual Property Organization
language : en
Publisher: WIPO
Release Date :
Inventor Data For Research On Migration And Innovation A Survey And A Pilot written by World Intellectual Property Organization and has been published by WIPO this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Law categories.
This paper discusses the existing literature on migration and innovation, with special emphasis on empirical studies based on patent and inventor data. Other sources of micro-data are examined, too, for comparative purposes. A pilot database, based on patent filings at the European Patent Office is presented. It contains information on individual inventors, including their country of residence and of origin. Preliminary evidence suggests that immigrant inventors contribute to innovation not only in the United States, but also in selected European countries, where they often rank among the most productive individuals.
The Conflicted Superpower
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Author : Andrew Kennedy
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2018-05-22
The Conflicted Superpower written by Andrew Kennedy and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-22 with Political Science categories.
For decades, leadership in technological innovation has sustained U.S. power worldwide. Today, however, processes that undergird innovation increasingly transcend national borders. Cross-border flows of brainpower have reached unprecedented heights, while multinationals invest more and more in high-tech facilities abroad. In this new world, U.S. technological leadership increasingly involves collaboration with other countries. China and India have emerged as particularly prominent partners, most notably as suppliers of intellectual talent to the United States. In The Conflicted Superpower, Andrew Kennedy explores how the world’s most powerful country approaches its growing collaboration with these two rising powers. Whereas China and India have embraced global innovation, policy in the United States is conflicted. Kennedy explains why, through in-depth case studies of U.S. policies toward skilled immigration, foreign students, and offshoring. These make clear that U.S. policy is more erratic than strategic, the outcome of domestic battles between competing interests. Pressing for openness is the “high-tech community”—the technology firms and research universities that embody U.S. technological leadership. Yet these pro-globalization forces can face resistance from a range of other interests, including labor and anti-immigration groups, and the nature of this resistance powerfully shapes just how open national policy is. Kennedy concludes by asking whether U.S. policies are accelerating or slowing American decline, and considering the prospects for U.S. policy making in years to come.
The Immigrant Exodus
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Author : Vivek Wadhwa
language : en
Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press
Release Date : 2012-10-02
The Immigrant Exodus written by Vivek Wadhwa and has been published by University of Pennsylvania Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-02 with Business & Economics categories.
A 2012 ECONOMIST BOOK OF THE YEAR Many of the United States' most innovative entrepreneurs have been immigrants, from Andrew Carnegie, Alexander Graham Bell, and Charles Pfizer to Sergey Brin, Vinod Khosla, and Elon Musk. Nearly half of Fortune 500 companies and one-quarter of all new small businesses were founded by immigrants, generating trillions of dollars annually, employing millions of workers, and helping establish the United States as the most entrepreneurial, technologically advanced society on earth. Now, Vivek Wadhwa, an immigrant tech entrepreneur turned academic with appointments at Duke, Stanford, Emory, and Singularity Universities, draws on his new Kauffman Foundation research to show that the United States is in the midst of an unprecedented halt in high-growth, immigrant-founded start-ups. He argues that increased competition from countries like China and India and US immigration policies are leaving some of the most educated and talented entrepreneurial immigrants with no choice but to take their innovation elsewhere. The consequences to our economy are dire; our multi-trillion dollar loss will be the gain of our global competitors. With his signature fearlessness and clarity, Wadhwa offers a concise framework for understanding the Immigrant Exodus and offers a recipe for reversal and rapid recovery.
High Skilled Migration
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Author : Mathias Czaika
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018
High Skilled Migration written by Mathias Czaika and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Business & Economics categories.
Political and scientific debates on migration policies have mostly focused on governments' efforts to control or reduce low-skilled, asylum, and irregular migration or to encourage the return migration of these categories. Less research and constructive discourse has been conducted on the role and effectiveness of policies to attract or retain high-skilled workers. An improved understanding of the drivers and dynamics of high-skilled migration is essential for effective policy-making, as most highly developed and emerging economies experience growing shortages of high-skilled labour supply in certain occupations and sectors, and skilled immigration is often viewed as one way of addressing these. Simplistic assumptions that high-skilled migrants are primarily in pursuit of higher wages raise the expectation that policies which open channels for high-skilled immigration are generally successful. Although many countries have introduced policies aimed at attracting and facilitating the recruitment of high-skilled workers, not all recruitment efforts have had the desired effects, and anecdotal evidence on the effectiveness of these programmes is rather mixed. The reason is that the rather narrow focus on migration policy coincides with a lack of systematic and rigorous consideration of other economic, social, and political drivers of migration, which may be equally - or sometimes even more - important than migration policies per se. A better understanding of migration policies, their making, consequences and limitations, requires a systematic knowledge of the broader economic, social and political structures and their interaction in both origin and destination countries. This book enhances this vibrant field of social scientific enquiry by providing a systematic, multidisciplinary, and global analysis of policies driving international high-skilled migration processes in their interaction with other migration drivers at the individual, city, national, and international level.
The Gift Of Global Talent
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Author : William R. Kerr
language : en
Publisher: Stanford Business Books
Release Date : 2019
The Gift Of Global Talent written by William R. Kerr and has been published by Stanford Business Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Business & Economics categories.
Introduction : why global talent matters to you -- Talent on the move -- The economics of talent clusters -- Innovation in the United States -- Points versus firms -- The education pathway -- Talent clusters to rule them all -- The new HR challenge -- Global diffusion remade -- Revenge of the nerds -- Conclusions : fragile U.S. leadership
Measuring The International Mobility Of Inventors A New Database
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Author : Ernest Miguelez
language : en
Publisher: WIPO
Release Date : 2013
Measuring The International Mobility Of Inventors A New Database written by Ernest Miguelez and has been published by WIPO this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Law categories.
This paper has two objectives. First, it describes a new database mapping migratory patterns of inventors, extracted from information included in patent applications filed under the Patent Cooperation Treaty. It explains in detail the information contained in the database and discusses the usefulness and reliability of the underlying data. Second, the paper provides a descriptive overview of inventor migration patterns, based on the information contained in the newly constructed database.
Congressional Record
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Author : United States. Congress
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Congressional Record written by United States. Congress and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Law categories.