The Roots Of Rural Capitalism
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The Roots Of Rural Capitalism
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Author : Christopher Clark
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2019-06-30
The Roots Of Rural Capitalism written by Christopher Clark and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-30 with History categories.
Between the late colonial period and the Civil War, the countryside of the American northeast was largely transformed. Rural New England changed from a society of independent farmers relatively isolated from international markets into a capitalist economy closely linked to the national market, an economy in which much farming and manufacturing output was produced by wage labor. Using the Connecticut Valley as an example, The Roots of Rural Capitalism demonstrates how this important change came about. Christopher Clark joins the active debate on the "transition to capitalism" with a fresh interpretation that integrates the insights of previous studies with the results of his detailed research. Largely rejecting the assumption of recent scholars that economic change can be explained principally in terms of markets, he constructs a broader social history of the rural economy and traces the complex interactions of social structure, household strategies, gender relations, and cultural values that propelled the countryside from one economic system to another. Above all, he shows that people of rural Massachusetts were not passive victims of changes forced upon them, but actively created a new economic world as they tried to secure their livelihoods under changing demographic and economic circumstances. The emergence of rural capitalism, Clark maintains, was not the result of a single "transition"; rather, it was an accretion of new institutions and practices that occurred over two generations, and in two broad chronological phases. It is his singular contribution to demonstrate the coexistence of a family-based household economy (persisting well into the nineteenth century) and the market-oriented system of production and exchange that is generally held to have emerged full-blown by the eighteenth century. He is adept at describing the clash of values sustaining both economies, and the ways in which the rural household-based economy, through a process he calls "involution," ultimately gave way to a new order. His analysis of the distinctive role of rural women in this transition constitutes a strong new element in the study of gender as a factor in the economic, social, and cultural shifts of the period. Sophisticated in argument and engaging in presentation, this book will be recognized as a major contribution to the history of capitalism and society in nineteenth-century America.
The Agrarian Origins Of American Capitalism
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Author : Allan Kulikoff
language : en
Publisher: University of Virginia Press
Release Date : 1992
The Agrarian Origins Of American Capitalism written by Allan Kulikoff and has been published by University of Virginia Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Business & Economics categories.
Allan Kulikoff's book aims to trace the rural origins and growth of capitalism in America, challenging earlier scholarship and aiming to chart a new course for future studies in history and economics. Kulikoff argues that long before the explosive growth of cities and big factories, capitalism in the countryside changes our society - the ties between men and women, the relations between different social classes, the rhetoric of the yeomanry, slave migration and frontier settlement.
The Countryside In The Age Of Capitalist Transformation
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Author : Steven Hahn
language : en
Publisher: UNC Press Books
Release Date : 1985
The Countryside In The Age Of Capitalist Transformation written by Steven Hahn and has been published by UNC Press Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with History categories.
This volume represents one of the first efforts to harvest the rapidly emerging scholarship in the field of American rural history. Building on the insights and methodologies that social historians have directed toward urban life, the contributors explore
Agrarian Capitalism In Theory And Practice
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Author : Susan Archer Mann
language : en
Publisher: UNC Press Books
Release Date : 2017-10-10
Agrarian Capitalism In Theory And Practice written by Susan Archer Mann and has been published by UNC Press Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-10 with Business & Economics categories.
Susan Mann focuses on a longstanding controversy in sociological theory: why has agriculture been traditionally resistant to wage labor? Capitalist develoment has been slower and more uneven in agriculture than in other spheres of production, and major parts of the rural economy remain almost preindustrial in their reliance on family labor, lack of separation between industry and household, and failure to develop a highly specialized division of labor. Emphasizing the agriculture of the American South, Mann adopts an interdisciplinary approach, drawing insights from history and economics as well as sociology. Mann points out that most theories of agrarian capitalism -- both Marxist and non-Marxist -- ignore the implications of agriculture as a production process centered in nature, with natural features that cannot be synchronized easily into the tempos required by industrial production. She argues that various natural and technical features of agricultural production, such as the relatively lengthy production time of certain crops and the irregular labor requirements imposed by seasonal production, make some types of farming particularly risky avenues for capitalist investment. To test this pioneering theory of natural obstacles to rural capitalist development, Mann creatively combines diverse research methodologies. Analyzing U.S. Agricultural Census data, she shows the correlations between type of agricultural commodity or crop produced, the natural and technical features of these rural commodities, and the use of wage labor. Using an historical-comparative approach, she investigates the persistence of nonwage labor in American cotton production after the Civil War. She examines why sharecropping, rather than wage labor, replaced slavery in the older cotton-producing regions of the southeastern United States. She then discusses the domestic and international factors that finally led to the demise of sharecropping and the rise of wage labor in the decades following the Great Depression. In this historical study of the rise and demise of sharecropping, the interplay between nature, gender, race, and class is highlighted. By closely examining both natural and social obstacles to wage labor within the context of a global economy, Mann presents not only an intriguing analysis of agrarian capitalist development but also an entirely new framework for examining the social history of the American South. Originally published in 1990. A UNC Press Enduring Edition -- UNC Press Enduring Editions use the latest in digital technology to make available again books from our distinguished backlist that were previously out of print. These editions are published unaltered from the original, and are presented in affordable paperback formats, bringing readers both historical and cultural value.
The Development Of Agrarian Capitalism
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Author : Jane Whittle
language : en
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Release Date : 2000-05-11
The Development Of Agrarian Capitalism written by Jane Whittle and has been published by Clarendon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-05-11 with History categories.
This is an important new scholarly study of the roots of capitalism. Jane Whittle's penetrating examination of rural England in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries asks how capitalist it was, and how and why it changed over the century and a half under scrutiny. Her book intelligently relates ideas of peasant society and capitalism to a local study of north-east Norfolk, a county that was to become one of the crucibles of the so-called agrarian revolution. Dr Whittle uses the rich variety of historical sources produced by this precocious commercialized locality to examine a wide range of topics from the manorial system and serfdom, rights to land and the level of rent, the land market and inheritance, to the distribution of land and wealth, the numbers of landless, wage-earners, and rural craftsmen, servants, and the labour laws.
The Land Question In China
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Author : Shaohua Zhan
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019
The Land Question In China written by Shaohua Zhan and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with History categories.
This book interrogates the inevitability and practicability of full-scale, land-intensive capitalist agriculture in China, whilst analyzing the labor-intensive industrious revolution as an alternative rural development path. It presents a critical account of the recent rise of agrarian capitalism as a force that would undermine hundreds of millions of people's livelihoods in the populous country. The Land Question in China traces the roots of the industrious revolution in China back to the eighteenth century, drawing comparisons between contemporary rural development and economic prosperity in the mid-Qing dynasty. In the context of neoliberal restructuring, it argues that vigorous rural development with broad access to land offers a solution to mitigate precarious urban employment and population pressure, while the transfer of land from villagers to large producers and urban investors will exacerbate these problems. Comparisons with South Africa and the East Asian economies of Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan further illustrate this and help to develop a new interpretation of the industrious revolution and its contemporary relevance. Providing a critical examination of the "new land reform" in China from a world historical perspective, this book will be useful to students and scholars of sociology, economics, and development, as well as Chinese Studies.
Peasants Into Farmers
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Author : P. C. M. Hoppenbrouwers
language : en
Publisher: Brepols Publishers
Release Date : 2001
Peasants Into Farmers written by P. C. M. Hoppenbrouwers and has been published by Brepols Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Business & Economics categories.
Since his first article in 1976 the American historian Robert P. Brenner has tried to come to terms with an issue first raised two centuries ago: how can we explain the differences in growth-patterns of North Western European countries in the transition from feudalism to capitalism. In a frontal attack on both the '(homeostatic) demographic' and 'commercialisation' models, Brenner traced the roots of the divergent evolutions back to rural and feudal 'social-property relations'. In the debate that immediately followed Brenner's first article, and in subsequent exchanges, the Low Countries were significantly neglected, although areas such as Flanders and Holland played a decisive role in the economic development of Europe. This was partly because of too few publications in international languages on the relevant Dutch rural history. This important book, edited by two of the most respected Dutch rural historians, and with contributions by several distinguished historians, seeks to fill this lacuna. It draws upon substantial research, and confronts the Brenner thesis with new results and hypotheses; and it contains a powerful and detailed response by Brenner himself.
The Roots Of Rural Poverty In Central And Southern Africa
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Author : Robin H. Palmer
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 1977-01-01
The Roots Of Rural Poverty In Central And Southern Africa written by Robin H. Palmer and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
The Moral Economy Reconsidered
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Author : S. Wegren
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2005-08-19
The Moral Economy Reconsidered written by S. Wegren and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-08-19 with Political Science categories.
Sure to be controversial and spur debate, this book presents a powerful analysis of rural change to marketization and globalization. Using Russia as a case study, it examines the how the rural population responded to reform policies during the transition away from communism. Wegren draws upon extensive field work, survey data, interviews, and wide-ranging Russian language source material to investigate adaptive behaviours by different groups of the rural population. The differentiated and nuanced analysis sheds considerable light on debates over whether actors are motivated mainly by rational or moral considerations.
The Limits Of Rural Capitalism
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Author : Kenneth Michael Sylvester
language : en
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
Release Date : 2001-01-01
The Limits Of Rural Capitalism written by Kenneth Michael Sylvester and has been published by University of Toronto Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-01-01 with History categories.
Sylvester challenges the view in prairie historiography that agriculture had commercialized before the west was opened to settlement, and that ethnic communities alone resisted the market's potential.