The Shadow Economy
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The Shadow Economy
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Author : Friedrich Schneider
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2013-02-14
The Shadow Economy written by Friedrich Schneider and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-14 with Business & Economics categories.
Illicit work, social security fraud, economic crime and other shadow economy activities are fast becoming an international problem. This second edition uses new data to reassess currency demand and the model approach to estimate the size of the shadow economy in 151 developing, transition, and OECD countries. This updated edition argues that during the 2000s the average size of the shadow economy varied from 19 per cent of GDP for OECD countries, to 30 per cent for transition countries, to 45 per cent for developing countries. It examines the causes and consequences of this development using an integrated approach to explain deviant behaviour that combines findings from economic, sociological, and psychological research. The authors suggest that increasing taxation and social security contributions, rising state regulatory activities, and the decline of the tax morale are all driving forces behind this growth, and they propose a reform of state public institutions in order to improve the dynamics of the official economy.
Handbook On The Shadow Economy
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Author : Friedrich Schneider
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2011
Handbook On The Shadow Economy written by Friedrich Schneider and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Business & Economics categories.
This original and insightful handbook presents the latest research on the size and development of the shadow economy (also known as the black or underground economy), an integral component of the most developing and many developed countries' economies.
The Shadow Economy A Critical Analysis
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Author : Dennis Ducke
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2010-02
The Shadow Economy A Critical Analysis written by Dennis Ducke and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-02 with categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - General, grade: 1,3, University of Applied Sciences Essen, language: English, abstract: According to the "Focus" magazine approximately 13 million Germans contributed to the shadow economy in 2006! The estimations of Friedrich Schneider, one distinguished expert in this area, showed that the extent of the shadow economy in Germany in 2007 was about 349 billion Euros, which equals to 14.7 percent of Germany's gross domestic product (GDP)! The scope of the present assignment is to provide an all-embracing and critical overview of the shadow economy, to introduce the main causes, effects and dimensions of the shadow economy and to find answer the question how shadow activities can be limited. In this context the hidden sector can be defined as all economic activities that are not recorded in the national accounts, but normally should be a part of them and be included in GDP. These actions can be on the one hand absolutely legal in the self-sufficient economy like do-it-your-self, neighbourhood help, but on the other hand completely illegal activities like dealing with drugs and smuggling as well as legal activities, which are illegally being carried out, e.g. tax evasion or illicit work. The main and most vital reasons for the existence and constant growth of the shadow economy are high taxes or social security contributions burden and the intensity of state regulations. But also sociological-psychological causes like subjective perception of tax burden, falling society values, a bad tax morale and declining loyalty towards the state can have a tremendous impact on the size of the hidden economy. But is the shadow economy a threat to the official sector? At first glance, the question whether the shadow economy is dangerous might appear strange. However, there are several controversial opinions about this matter. The analysis of the effects caused by the existence and the growth of the shadow economy i
Hiding In The Shadows
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Author : Mr.Friedrich Schneider
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2002-04-16
Hiding In The Shadows written by Mr.Friedrich Schneider and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-04-16 with Business & Economics categories.
Examines the role of the shadow, or underground, economy. Looks at ways of measuring it, the relationship between the shadow economy and the main stream economy, why it has been growing in size, and its effects on overall economic growth. How can states limit the size of the shadow economy, and does it matter that it exists?
Shadow Economies Around The World What Did We Learn Over The Last 20 Years
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Author : Leandro Medina
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2018-01-25
Shadow Economies Around The World What Did We Learn Over The Last 20 Years written by Leandro Medina and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-25 with Business & Economics categories.
We undertake an extended discussion of the latest developments about the existing and new estimation methods of the shadow economy. New results on the shadow economy for 158 countries all over the world are presented over 1991 to 2015. Strengths and weaknesses of these methods are assessed and a critical comparison and evaluation of the methods is carried out. The average size of the shadow economy of the 158 countries over 1991 to 2015 is 31.9 percent. The largest ones are Zimbabwe with 60.6 percent, and Bolivia with 62.3 percent of GDP. The lowest ones are Austria with 8.9 percent, and Switzerland with 7.2 percent. The new methods, especially the new macro method, Currency Demand Approach (CDA) and Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) in a structured hybrid-model based estimation procedure, are promising approaches from an econometric standpoint, alongside some new micro estimates. These estimations come quite close to others used by statistical offices or based on surveys.
The Shadow Economy
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Author : Friedrich Schneider
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2013-02-14
The Shadow Economy written by Friedrich Schneider and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-14 with Business & Economics categories.
This book presents new data to give an overview of shadow economies from OECD countries and propose solutions to prevent illicit work.
The Shadow Economy
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Author : Friedrich Schneider
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
The Shadow Economy written by Friedrich Schneider and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Informal sector (Economics) categories.
Measurement of the shadow ...
Explaining The Shadow Economy In Europe Size Causes And Policy Options
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Author : Mr.Ben Kelmanson
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2019-12-13
Explaining The Shadow Economy In Europe Size Causes And Policy Options written by Mr.Ben Kelmanson and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-13 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper examines the drivers, and reestimates the size of shadow economies in Europe, with a focus on the emerging economies, and recommends policies to increase formality. The size of shadow economies declined across Europe in recent years but remains significant, especially in Eastern Europe. In the emerging European economies, the key determinants of shadow economy size are regulatory quality, government effectiveness, and human capital. The paper argues that a comprehensive package of reforms, focused on country-specific drivers, is needed to successfully combat the shadow economy. The menu of policies most relevant for Europe’s emerging economies include: reducing regulatory and administrative burdens, promoting transparency and improving government effectiveness, as well as improving tax compliance, automating procedures, and promoting electronic payments.
Corruption Fraud Organized Crime And The Shadow Economy
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Author : Maximilian Edelbacher
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2015-10-15
Corruption Fraud Organized Crime And The Shadow Economy written by Maximilian Edelbacher and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-15 with Computers categories.
Fueled by corruption, fraud, and organized crime, the shadow economyalso known as the informal, black market, illegal, or underground economyis currently on the rise worldwide. Corruption, Fraud, Organized Crime, and the Shadow Economy addresses shadow economies and the players involved by examining various aspects of criminal law and prosecution
Entrepreneurship And The Shadow Economy
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Author : Arnis Sauka
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2016-05-28
Entrepreneurship And The Shadow Economy written by Arnis Sauka and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-28 with Business & Economics categories.
The shadow economy has become the focus of policy makers around the world. This timely book explores the relationship between entrepreneurship and the shadow economy by reviewing how to measure, explain and tackle this hidden enterprise culture. The editors bring together leading authorities in the field to examine existing methods to measure the shadow economy, explore entrepreneurship and shadow economy practices in various contexts, and provide policy suggestions for decreasing the shadow economy. It concludes by encouraging further research in this ever-growing field.