The Shape Of Thought
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The Shape Of Thought
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Author : H. Clark Barrett
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2014-12-15
The Shape Of Thought written by H. Clark Barrett and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-15 with Psychology categories.
The Shape of Thought: How Mental Adaptations Evolve presents a road map for an evolutionary psychology of the twenty-first century. It brings together theory from biology and cognitive science to show how the brain can be composed of specialized adaptations, and yet also an organ of plasticity. Although mental adaptations have typically been seen as monolithic, hard-wired components frozen in the evolutionary past, The Shape of Thought presents a new view of mental adaptations as diverse and variable, with distinct functions and evolutionary histories that shape how they develop, what information they use, and what they do with that information. The book describes how advances in evolutionary developmental biology can be applied to the brain by focusing on the design of the developmental systems that build it. Crucially, developmental systems can be plastic, designed by the process of natural selection to build adaptive phenotypes using the rich information available in our social and physical environments. This approach bridges the long-standing divide between "nativist" approaches to development, based on innateness, and "empiricist" approaches, based on learning. It shows how a view of humans as a flexible, culturally-dependent species is compatible with a complexly specialized brain, and how the nature of our flexibility can be better understood by confronting the evolved design of the organ on which that flexibility depends.
The Shape Of Thought
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Author : H. Clark Barrett
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2015
The Shape Of Thought written by H. Clark Barrett and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Psychology categories.
The Shape of Thought: How Mental Adaptations Evolve presents a road map for an evolutionary psychology of the twenty-first century. It shows how the brain can be both a complexly specialized organ and a dynamic and flexible self-organizing system, shaped by learning and culture.
How Things Shape The Mind
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Author : Lambros Malafouris
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2016-02-12
How Things Shape The Mind written by Lambros Malafouris and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-12 with Psychology categories.
An account of the different ways in which things have become cognitive extensions of the human body, from prehistory to the present. An increasingly influential school of thought in cognitive science views the mind as embodied, extended, and distributed rather than brain-bound or “all in the head.” This shift in perspective raises important questions about the relationship between cognition and material culture, posing major challenges for philosophy, cognitive science, archaeology, and anthropology. In How Things Shape the Mind, Lambros Malafouris proposes a cross-disciplinary analytical framework for investigating the ways in which things have become cognitive extensions of the human body. Using a variety of examples and case studies, he considers how those ways might have changed from earliest prehistory to the present. Malafouris's Material Engagement Theory definitively adds materiality—the world of things, artifacts, and material signs—into the cognitive equation. His account not only questions conventional intuitions about the boundaries and location of the human mind but also suggests that we rethink classical archaeological assumptions about human cognitive evolution.
Mind In Motion
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Author : Barbara Tversky
language : en
Publisher: Basic Books
Release Date : 2019-05-21
Mind In Motion written by Barbara Tversky and has been published by Basic Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-21 with Psychology categories.
An eminent psychologist offers a major new theory of human cognition: movement, not language, is the foundation of thought When we try to think about how we think, we can't help but think of words. Indeed, some have called language the stuff of thought. But pictures are remembered far better than words, and describing faces, scenes, and events defies words. Anytime you take a shortcut or play chess or basketball or rearrange your furniture in your mind, you've done something remarkable: abstract thinking without words. In Mind in Motion, psychologist Barbara Tversky shows that spatial cognition isn't just a peripheral aspect of thought, but its very foundation, enabling us to draw meaning from our bodies and their actions in the world. Our actions in real space get turned into mental actions on thought, often spouting spontaneously from our bodies as gestures. Spatial thinking underlies creating and using maps, assembling furniture, devising football strategies, designing airports, understanding the flow of people, traffic, water, and ideas. Spatial thinking even underlies the structure and meaning of language: why we say we push ideas forward or tear them apart, why we're feeling up or have grown far apart. Like Thinking, Fast and Slow before it, Mind in Motion gives us a new way to think about how--and where--thinking takes place.
How The Body Shapes The Way We Think
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Author : Rolf Pfeifer
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2006-10-27
How The Body Shapes The Way We Think written by Rolf Pfeifer and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-10-27 with Computers categories.
An exploration of embodied intelligence and its implications points toward a theory of intelligence in general; with case studies of intelligent systems in ubiquitous computing, business and management, human memory, and robotics. How could the body influence our thinking when it seems obvious that the brain controls the body? In How the Body Shapes the Way We Think, Rolf Pfeifer and Josh Bongard demonstrate that thought is not independent of the body but is tightly constrained, and at the same time enabled, by it. They argue that the kinds of thoughts we are capable of have their foundation in our embodiment—in our morphology and the material properties of our bodies. This crucial notion of embodiment underlies fundamental changes in the field of artificial intelligence over the past two decades, and Pfeifer and Bongard use the basic methodology of artificial intelligence—"understanding by building"—to describe their insights. If we understand how to design and build intelligent systems, they reason, we will better understand intelligence in general. In accessible, nontechnical language, and using many examples, they introduce the basic concepts by building on recent developments in robotics, biology, neuroscience, and psychology to outline a possible theory of intelligence. They illustrate applications of such a theory in ubiquitous computing, business and management, and the psychology of human memory. Embodied intelligence, as described by Pfeifer and Bongard, has important implications for our understanding of both natural and artificial intelligence.
Beyond Human Nature
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Author : Jesse J Prinz
language : en
Publisher: Penguin UK
Release Date : 2012-01-26
Beyond Human Nature written by Jesse J Prinz and has been published by Penguin UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-26 with Philosophy categories.
In this provocative, revelatory tour de force, Jesse Prinz reveals how the cultures we live in - not biology - determine how we think and feel. He examines all aspects of our behaviour, looking at everything from our intellects and emotions, to love and sex, morality and even madness. This book seeks to go beyond traditional debates of nature and nurture. He is not interested in finding universal laws but, rather, in understanding, explaining and celebrating our differences. Why do people raised in Western countries tend to see the trees before the forest, while people from East Asia see the forest before the trees? Why, in South East Asia, is there a common form of mental illness, unheard of in the West, in which people go into a trancelike state after being startled? Compared to Northerners, why are people in the American South more than twice as likely to kill someone over an argument? And, above all, just how malleable are we? Prinz shows that the vast diversity of our behaviour is not engrained. He picks up where biological explanations leave off. He tells us the human story.
Beyond The Brain
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Author : Louise Barrett
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2015-03-22
Beyond The Brain written by Louise Barrett and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-22 with Psychology categories.
A new approach to understanding animal and human cognition When a chimpanzee stockpiles rocks as weapons or when a frog sends out mating calls, we might easily assume these animals know their own motivations--that they use the same psychological mechanisms that we do. But as Beyond the Brain indicates, this is a dangerous assumption because animals have different evolutionary trajectories, ecological niches, and physical attributes. How do these differences influence animal thinking and behavior? Removing our human-centered spectacles, Louise Barrett investigates the mind and brain and offers an alternative approach for understanding animal and human cognition. Drawing on examples from animal behavior, comparative psychology, robotics, artificial life, developmental psychology, and cognitive science, Barrett provides remarkable new insights into how animals and humans depend on their bodies and environment—not just their brains—to behave intelligently. Barrett begins with an overview of human cognitive adaptations and how these color our views of other species, brains, and minds. Considering when it is worth having a big brain—or indeed having a brain at all—she investigates exactly what brains are good at. Showing that the brain's evolutionary function guides action in the world, she looks at how physical structure contributes to cognitive processes, and she demonstrates how these processes employ materials and resources in specific environments. Arguing that thinking and behavior constitute a property of the whole organism, not just the brain, Beyond the Brain illustrates how the body, brain, and cognition are tied to the wider world.
Shape
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Author : Jordan Ellenberg
language : en
Publisher: Penguin
Release Date : 2021-05-25
Shape written by Jordan Ellenberg and has been published by Penguin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-25 with Mathematics categories.
An instant New York Times Bestseller! “Unreasonably entertaining . . . reveals how geometric thinking can allow for everything from fairer American elections to better pandemic planning.” —The New York Times From the New York Times-bestselling author of How Not to Be Wrong—himself a world-class geometer—a far-ranging exploration of the power of geometry, which turns out to help us think better about practically everything. How should a democracy choose its representatives? How can you stop a pandemic from sweeping the world? How do computers learn to play Go, and why is learning Go so much easier for them than learning to read a sentence? Can ancient Greek proportions predict the stock market? (Sorry, no.) What should your kids learn in school if they really want to learn to think? All these are questions about geometry. For real. If you're like most people, geometry is a sterile and dimly remembered exercise you gladly left behind in the dust of ninth grade, along with your braces and active romantic interest in pop singers. If you recall any of it, it's plodding through a series of miniscule steps only to prove some fact about triangles that was obvious to you in the first place. That's not geometry. Okay, it is geometry, but only a tiny part, which has as much to do with geometry in all its flush modern richness as conjugating a verb has to do with a great novel. Shape reveals the geometry underneath some of the most important scientific, political, and philosophical problems we face. Geometry asks: Where are things? Which things are near each other? How can you get from one thing to another thing? Those are important questions. The word "geometry"comes from the Greek for "measuring the world." If anything, that's an undersell. Geometry doesn't just measure the world—it explains it. Shape shows us how.
The Shape Of Ancient Thought
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Author : Thomas McEvilley
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008-09-30
The Shape Of Ancient Thought written by Thomas McEvilley and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-09-30 with Philosophy, Ancient categories.
This unparalleled comparative study of early Eastern and Western philosophy challenges every existing belief about the philosophical foundations of Western civilization. Spanning thirty years of intense intellectual inquiry and research, the author proves what many scholars before him have sensed but couldn't empirically explain: that the seemingly autonomous and separate metaphysical schemes of Greek and Indian cultures have mutually influenced each other over a long period of time, to the point that today's Western world must be considered the product of both Eastern and Western thought. The author's groundbreaking research systematically unveils striking similarities between the early metaphysical ideas central to Eastern and Western philosophies. Thomas McEvilley explores the key philosophical paradigms of these cultures, such as monism, the doctrine of reincarnation in India and Egypt, and early pluralism in Greece and India, to show how trade, imperialism, and migration currents have allowed these ideas to circulate and intermingle freely throughout India, Greece, and the Near East. This sweeping inter-disciplinary study will captivate students and scholars of philosophy, cultural studies, and classics, who will find that their field has been put on an entirely new footing.
The Shape Of Revelation
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Author : Zachary Braiterman
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2007
The Shape Of Revelation written by Zachary Braiterman and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Philosophy categories.
The Shape of Revelation highlights the image of form-creation, sheer presence, lyric pathos, rhythmic repetition, open spatial dynamism, and erotic pulse unique in the work of Martin Buber, Franz Rosenzweig, and German Expressionism in order to explore the overlap between revelation and aesthetic shape from the perspective of Judaism.