The Siege Of Masada 73 Ce
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The Siege Of Masada 73 Ce
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Author : Patrick Hunt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023-04-30
The Siege Of Masada 73 Ce written by Patrick Hunt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-30 with categories.
The Siege Of Masada
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Author : Charles River Editors
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017-01-26
The Siege Of Masada written by Charles River Editors and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-26 with categories.
*Includes pictures *Includes ancient historians' accounts of the siege *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading "Since we long ago resolved never to be servants to the Romans, nor to any other than to God Himself, Who alone is the true and just Lord of mankind, the time is now come that obliges us to make that resolution true in practice ... We were the very first that revolted, and we are the last to fight against them; and I cannot but esteem it as a favor that God has granted us, that it is still in our power to die bravely, and in a state of freedom." - Elazar ben Yair Many Westerners have never even heard of the Siege of Masada, and those who have may simply know it as an obscure reference to a minor battle fought in a remote location of the Roman world. By contrast, virtually all Israeli school children know the story of Masada as a premier example of nationalistic pride. The heroic story of a small band of fighters facing incalculable odds has many elements that are reminiscent of both the Battle of Thermopylae and the Battle of the Alamo. The refrain "Masada shall not fall again," coined in a poem on the subject by Yitzak Lamdan, became a cry of resolve in battle for Israeli soldiers in the 20th century, just as the cry of "Remember the Alamo" had galvanized Americans. For decades the Israelite military used the site of Masada as the location for swearing in their new recruits; the choice of the site was designed to evoke within the new soldiers a deep sense of connection with their national history. The Siege of Masada was the final battle in a long series of fights that constituted the First Jewish-Roman War. The Roman Empire had established control over the region in the 1st century BCE, when the Roman proconsul Pompey the Great took control of Jerusalem and ceremonially defiled their temple by entering it. This mix of political control and religious desecration was a contentious issue for the Judeans throughout the Roman period, and militant activists opposed to Roman rule, often espousing strongly held religious beliefs, frequently developed large followings to challenge the Roman authorities. This led to multiple violent clashes between the Judeans and the Romans, and the First Jewish-Roman War (66-73 CE) was one such clash (albeit on a larger scale than most). The Roman troops marched through and made their military might felt, first in the northern region of Galilee, then down the coast where they finally laid siege to the capital city of Jerusalem. This left three Roman fortress outposts, including Masada, that had been built by Herod the Great but had been taken over by various Judean factions. Masada was the last of these fortresses that the Romans attacked and proved the most difficult for them to seize, but seize it they did. However, what made this battle qualitatively different from most was not just the difficulty Rome had in retaking control of it with incredibly disproportional military equipment and numbers, but also the actions of the Judean defenders. In the final hours of the battle, just as the Romans were about to breach the walls of the city, the defenders gathered together and committed mass suicide, rather than being killed or taken captive by the Romans. Josephus, a contemporary historian of the era, vividly described the mass suicide. The Siege of Masada: The History and Legacy of the Battle that Ended the First Jewish-Roman War looks at the background that led to the siege and its notorious end. Along with pictures of important people, places, and events, you will learn about the siege of Masada like never before.
The Siege Of Masada
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Author : Charles River Charles River Editors
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017-01-26
The Siege Of Masada written by Charles River Charles River Editors and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-26 with categories.
*Includes pictures of Masada and other important places and events *Includes a table of contents *Includes a bibliography of other books about Masada "Since we long ago resolved never to be servants to the Romans, nor to any other than to God Himself, Who alone is the true and just Lord of mankind, the time is now come that obliges us to make that resolution true in practice ... We were the very first that revolted, and we are the last to fight against them; and I cannot but esteem it as a favor that God has granted us, that it is still in our power to die bravely, and in a state of freedom." - Elazar ben Yair Many Westerners have never even heard of the Siege of Masada, and those who have may simply know it as an obscure reference to a minor battle fought in a remote location of the Roman world. By contrast, virtually all Israeli school children know the story of Masada as a premier example of nationalistic pride. According to historian Klara Palotai, "Masada became a symbol for a heroic 'last stand' for the State of Israel and played a major role for Israel in forging national identity" Indeed, the heroic story of a small band of fighters facing incalculable odds has many elements that are reminiscent of both the Battle of Thermopylae and the Battle of the Alamo. The refrain "Masada shall not fall again," coined in a poem on the subject by Yitzak Lamdan, became a cry of resolve in battle for Israeli soldiers in the 20th century, just as the cry of "Remember the Alamo" had galvanized Americans. For decades, the Israelite military used the site of Masada as the location for swearing in their new recruits, and the choice of the site was obviously designed to evoke within the new soldiers a deep sense of connection with their national history. The Siege of Masada was the final battle in a long series of fights that constituted the First Jewish-Roman War. The Roman Empire had established control over the region in the 1st century BCE, when the Roman proconsul Pompey the Great took control of Jerusalem and ceremonially defiled their temple by entering it. This mix of political control and religious desecration was a contentious issue for the Judeans throughout the Roman period, and militant activists opposed to Roman rule, often espousing strongly held religious beliefs, frequently developed large followings to challenge the Roman authorities. This led to multiple violent clashes between the Judeans and the Romans, and the First Jewish-Roman War (66-73 CE) was one such clash (albeit on a larger scale than most). The Roman troops marched through and made their military might felt, first in the northern region of Galilee, then down the coast where they finally laid siege to the capital city of Jerusalem. This left three Roman fortress outposts, including Masada, that had been built by Herod the Great but had been taken over by various Judean factions. Masada was the last of these fortresses that the Romans attacked and proved the most difficult for them to seize, but seize it they did. However, what made this battle qualitatively different from most was not just the difficulty Rome had in retaking control of it with incredibly disproportional military equipment and numbers, but also the actions of the Judean defenders. In the final hours of the battle, just as the Romans were about to breach the walls of the city, the defenders gathered together and committed mass suicide, rather than being killed or taken captive by the Romans. The Siege of Masada: A Historical Drama of the Famous Battle Between the Jews and Romans is a historical drama that portrays the famous battle from the standpoint of a fictional survivor.
Masada
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Author : Jodi Magness
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2021-06-08
Masada written by Jodi Magness and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-08 with History categories.
The dramatic story of the last stand of a group of Jewish rebels who held out against the Roman Empire, as revealed by the archaeology of its famous site Two thousand years ago, 967 Jewish men, women, and children—the last holdouts of the revolt against Rome following the fall of Jerusalem and the destruction of the Second Temple—reportedly took their own lives rather than surrender to the Roman army. This dramatic event, which took place on top of Masada, a barren and windswept mountain overlooking the Dead Sea, spawned a powerful story of Jewish resistance that came to symbolize the embattled modern State of Israel. Incorporating the latest findings, Jodi Magness, an archaeologist who has excavated at Masada, explains what happened there—and what it has come to mean since. Featuring numerous illustrations, this is an engaging exploration of an ancient story that continues to grip the imagination today.
The Story Of The Last Days Of Jerusalem And The Fall Of Masada
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Author : Alfred J. Church
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023-05-23
The Story Of The Last Days Of Jerusalem And The Fall Of Masada written by Alfred J. Church and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-05-23 with categories.
"For those seeking a heroic story, an expression of idealism, self-sacrifice, and resistance against tyranny, the story of the fall of Jerusalem and Masada remain two of history's epic events." - from the new introduction. A dramatic and engrossing English prose retelling of the story of two pivotal events on Jewish history-the sieges of Jerusalem and Masada during the Roman-Jewish War (66-73 CE)-drawn directly from the Latin original written by the famous historian Flavius Josephus. Josephus-a Jewish rebel leader captured and "turned" by the Romans, is the only historian to have recorded in detail the events surrounding these two earthshaking events. The first part, prepared by famous English historian Alfred J. Church, deals with the events leading up to the siege and fall of Jerusalem, and the second part, newly prepared by New York scholar Brian Hirsch, deals with the events immediately afterward, including the siege and fall of Masada. The Great Jewish Revolt had its origins in protests against Roman taxation. After the Romans responded to the unrest by looting the Temple in Jerusalem, a full-scale uprising broke out, which led to the massacre of both the Roman garrison and a legion dispatched from Syria. After the Roman-appointed King Herod was forced to flee, a Jewish government was established. Wracked by internal dissension, and facing a mighty foe, the Jewish forces fought desperately to defend their newly-established state-but in vain. Under the command of Vespasian, then his son Titus, and finally the legate General Silva, Roman forces overcame the Jewish strongholds one by one. Finally, only two major strongholds remained: Jerusalem, held by the Sadducee Jerusalemites and the Zealots, and the mountaintop fortress of Masada, held by the Sicarii. It took the Romans more than a year to overcome the defenses of Jerusalem and Masada. Jerusalem was razed to the ground, and its inhabitants massacred. At Masada, the Romans built a mighty ramp up the mountain, only to be greeted by the sight of the mass suicide of the 960 defenders. Contents Preface by Alfred J Church Preface by Brian Hirsch PART I: THE FALL OF JERUSALEM Chapter I: Of the Beginnings of the Jewish War Chapter II: Of the Doings of Cestius Chapter III: Of Josephus and the Besieging of Jotapata Chapter IV: Of the Marvellous Escape of Josephus, and of the War in Galilee Chapter V: Of the Troubles in Jerusalem Chapter VI: Of the First Coming of the Romans Chapter VII: The Beginning of the Siege Chapter VIII: Of the Walls of Jerusalem Chapter IX: The Siege Chapter X: The Siege (Continued) Chapter XI: The Siege (Continued) Chapter XII: The Taking of the City Chapter XIII: The End PART II: THE ROAD TO MASADA Chapter I: Aftermath of the Fall of Jerusalem Chapter II: The Siege of Macherus Chapter III: Concerning the Fortress of Masada Chapter IV: Concerning the Sicarii and their Occupation of Masada Chapter V: The Romans Lay Siege to Masada Chapter VI: Eleazar's Speech to the Defenders of Masada Chapter VII: The Mass Suicide at Masada Chapter VIII: The End of the War
Text And Artifact In The Religions Of Mediterranean Antiquity
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Author : Stephen G. Wilson
language : en
Publisher: Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press
Release Date : 2006-01-01
Text And Artifact In The Religions Of Mediterranean Antiquity written by Stephen G. Wilson and has been published by Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-01 with Religion categories.
Can archaeological remains be made to “speak” when brought into conjunction with texts? Can written remains, on stone or papyrus, shed light on the parables of Jesus, or on the Jewish view of afterlife? What are the limits to the use of artifactual data, and when is the value overstated? Text and Artifact addresses the complex and intriguing issue of how primary religious texts from the ancient Mediterranean world are illuminated by, and in turn illuminate, the ever-increasing amount of artifactual evidence available from the surrounding world. The book honours Peter Richardson, and the first two chapters offer appreciations of this scholarship and teaching. The remaining chapters focus on early Christianity, late-antique Judaism and topics germane to the Roman world at large. Many of the essays relate to features of Jewish life — the epigraphic evidence for gentile converts to Judaism or for Jewish defectors, ancient accounts of the Essenes or of the siege of Masada, and the material context of the first great rabbinic work, the Mishnah. Other essays connect early Christian texts with the social and cultural realia of their day — modes of travel, notions of gender, patronage and benefaction, the relation of tenants and owners — or reflect on the aesthetics of Christian architecture and the relation between building and ritual in Constantinian churches. One study relates the writing of the famous novelist Apuleius to a household mithraeum in Ostia, while another explores the changing appropriation of religious realia as the Roman world became Christian. These wide-ranging and original studies demonstrate clearly that texts and artifacts can be mutually supportive. Equally, they point to ways in which artifacts, no less than texts, are inherently ambiguous and teach us to be cautious in our conclusions.
Masada Myth
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Author : Nachman Ben-Yehuda
language : en
Publisher: Univ of Wisconsin Press
Release Date : 1996-01-01
Masada Myth written by Nachman Ben-Yehuda and has been published by Univ of Wisconsin Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-01-01 with Social Science categories.
In 73 A.D., legend has it, 960 Jewish rebels under siege in the ancient desert fortress of Masada committed suicide rather than surrender to a Roman legion. Recorded in only one historical source, the story of Masada was obscure for centuries. In The Masada Myth, Israeli sociologist Nachman Ben-Yehuda tracks the process by which Masada became an ideological symbol for the State of Israel, the dramatic subject of movies and miniseries, a shrine venerated by generations of Zionists and Israeli soldiers, and the most profitable tourist attraction in modern Israel. Ben-Yehuda describes how, after nearly 1800 years, the long, complex, and unsubstantiated narrative of Josephus Flavius was edited and augmented in the twentieth century to form a simple and powerful myth of heroism. He looks at the ways this new mythical narrative of Masada was created, promoted, and maintained by pre-state Jewish underground organizations, the Israeli army, archaeological teams, mass media, youth movements, textbooks, the tourist industry, and the arts. He discusses the various organizations and movements that created “the Masada experience” (usually a ritual trek through the Judean desert followed by a climb to the fortress and a dramatic reading of the Masada story), and how it changed over decades from a Zionist pilgrimage to a tourist destination. Placing the story in a larger historical, sociological, and psychological context, Ben-Yehuda draws upon theories of collective memory and mythmaking to analyze Masada’s crucial role in the nation-building process of modern Israel and the formation of a new Jewish identity. An expert on deviance and social control, Ben-Yehuda looks in particular at how and why a military failure and an enigmatic, troubling case of mass suicide (in conflict with Judaism’s teachings) were reconstructed and fabricated as a heroic tale.
T T Clark Encyclopedia Of Second Temple Judaism Volume Two
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Author : Loren T. Stuckenbruck
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2019-12-26
T T Clark Encyclopedia Of Second Temple Judaism Volume Two written by Loren T. Stuckenbruck and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-26 with History categories.
The T&T Clark Encyclopedia of Second Temple Judaism provides a comprehensive reference resource of over 600 scholarly articles aimed at scholars and students interested in Judaism of the Second Temple Period. The two-volume work is split into four parts. Part One offers a prolegomenon for the contemporary study and appreciation of Second Temple Judaism, locating the discipline in relation to other relevant fields (such as Hebrew Bible, Rabbinics, Christian Origins). Beginning with a discussion of terminology, the discussion suggests ways the Second Temple period may be described, and concludes by noting areas of study that challenge our perception of ancient Judaism. Part Two presents an overview of respective contexts of the discipline set within the broad framework of historical chronology corresponding to a set of full-colour, custom-designed maps. With distinct attention to primary sources, the author traces the development of historical, social, political, and religious developments from the time period following the exile in the late 6th century B.C.E. through to the end of the Bar Kokhba revolt (135 C.E.). Part Three focuses specifically on a wide selection of primary-source literature of Second Temple Judaism, summarizing the content of key texts, and examining their similarities and differences with other texts of the period. Essays here include a brief introduction to the work and a summary of its contents, as well as examination of critical issues such as date, provenance, location, language(s), and interpretative matters. The early reception history of texts is also considered, and followed by a bibliography specific to that essay. Numerous high-resolution manuscript images are utilized to illustrate distinct features of the texts. Part Four addresses topics relevant to the Second Temple Period such as places, practices, historical figures, concepts, and subjects of scholarly discussion. These are often supplemented by images, maps, drawings, or diagrams, some of which appear here for the first time. Copiously illustrated, carefully researched and meticulously referenced, this resource provides a reliable, up-to-date and complete guide for those studying early Judaism in its literary and historical settings.
Conflict In Ancient Greece And Rome 3 Volumes
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Author : Sara Elise Phang
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Release Date : 2016-06-27
Conflict In Ancient Greece And Rome 3 Volumes written by Sara Elise Phang and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-27 with History categories.
The complex role warfare played in ancient Greek and Roman civilizations is examined through coverage of key wars and battles; important leaders, armies, organizations, and weapons; and other noteworthy aspects of conflict. Conflict in Ancient Greece and Rome: The Definitive Political, Social, and Military Encyclopedia is an outstandingly comprehensive reference work on its subject. Covering wars, battles, places, individuals, and themes, this thoroughly cross-referenced three-volume set provides essential support to any student or general reader investigating ancient Greek history and conflicts as well as the social and political institutions of the Roman Republic and Empire. The set covers ancient Greek history from archaic times to the Roman conquest and ancient Roman history from early Rome to the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 CE. It features a general foreword, prefaces to both sections on Greek history and Roman history, and maps and chronologies of events that precede each entry section. Each section contains alphabetically ordered articles—including ones addressing topics not traditionally considered part of military history, such as "noncombatants" and "war and gender"—followed by cross-references to related articles and suggested further reading. Also included are glossaries of Greek and Latin terms, topically organized bibliographies, and selected primary documents in translation.
Apocalypse
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Author : Neil Faulkner
language : en
Publisher: Amberley Publishing Limited
Release Date : 2011-10-15
Apocalypse written by Neil Faulkner and has been published by Amberley Publishing Limited this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-15 with History categories.
If you want a gripping, well-written, detailed story of insurrection against Rome, supported by splendid illustrations, start here.?The Sunday Telegraph