The Son Of God In The Roman World
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The Son Of God In The Roman World
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Author : Michael Peppard
language : en
Publisher: OUP USA
Release Date : 2011-08-29
The Son Of God In The Roman World written by Michael Peppard and has been published by OUP USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-29 with Bibles categories.
Examines the social and political meaning of divine sonship in the Roman Empire and offers new interpretations of the Christian theological metaphors of "begotten" and "adoptive" sonship.
When Jesus Became God
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Author : Richard E. Rubenstein
language : en
Publisher: HMH
Release Date : 2013-08-16
When Jesus Became God written by Richard E. Rubenstein and has been published by HMH this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-16 with Religion categories.
“[A] panoramic view of early Christianity as it developed against the backdrop of the Roman Empire of the fourth century” (Publishers Weekly). The story of Jesus is well known, as is the story of Christian persecutions during the Roman Empire. The history of fervent debate, civil strife, and bloody riots within the Christian community as it was coming into being, however, is a side of ancient history rarely described. Richard E. Rubenstein takes the reader to the streets of the Roman Empire during the fourth century, when a fateful debate over the divinity of Jesus Christ is being fought. Ruled by a Christian emperor, followers of Jesus no longer fear for the survival of their monotheistic faith. But soon, they break into two camps regarding the direction of their worship: Is Jesus the son of God and therefore not the same as God? Or is Jesus precisely God on earth and therefore equal to Him? The vicious debate is led by two charismatic priests. Arius, an Alexandrian priest and poet, preaches that Jesus, though holy, is less than God. Athanasius, a brilliant and violent bishop, sees any diminution of Jesus’s godhead as the work of the devil. Between them stands Alexander, the powerful Bishop of Alexandria, who must find a resolution that will keep the empire united and the Christian faith alive. With thorough historical, religious, and social research, Rubenstein vividly recreates one of the most critical moments in the history of religion. “A splendidly dramatic story . . . Rubenstein has turned one of the great fights of history into an engrossing story.” —Jack Miles, The Boston Globe; author of God: A Biography
Son Of God
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Author : Bryan
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2022-11-18
Son Of God written by Bryan and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-18 with Bible categories.
What do Christians mean when they call Jesus "son of God"? In this study of the phrase "son of God" as applied to Jesus of Nazareth, Christopher Bryan examines the testimony of various New Testament witnesses who used this expression to speak of him, and asks where they got it, what they meant by it, and how it might have been understood. In Bryan's view, any attempt to address these questions stands self-condemned if it does not point to both the words and works of Jesus himself in the memory of early Christians, and the Torah of Israel as then understood, centering on Israel's Scriptures. Of course Paul and his fellow believers did not proclaim Jesus in a vacuum. They proclaimed Jesus in the Roman Empire during the decades following the death of Augustus. With regard to the meaning of the phrase "son of God," what becomes clear, Bryan argues, is that whereas "Lord" (another expression frequently used in the New Testament for Jesus of Nazareth) reflects believers' sense of Jesus' relationship to them, "son of God" reflects their sense of his relationship to God. It is a title that reflects their consciousness of Jesus' holiness-that is, his "set-apartness," his consecration, and even his divinity. Readers of Son of God will gain a well-rounded understanding of classic and recent research in Christology and the New Testament, as well as an in-depth, historically situated view of the evidence that paints a clearer picture of what New Testament witnesses meant when they called Jesus "son of God."
The City Of God
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Author : Saint Augustine of Hippo
language : en
Publisher: Aeterna Press
Release Date : 1950
The City Of God written by Saint Augustine of Hippo and has been published by Aeterna Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1950 with Religion categories.
The glorious city of God is my theme in this work, which you, my dearest son Marcellinus, suggested, and which is due to you by my promise. I have undertaken its defence against those who prefer their own gods to the Founder of this city,—a city surpassingly glorious, whether we view it as it still lives by faith in this fleeting course of time, and sojourns as a stranger in the midst of the ungodly, or as it shall dwell in the fixed stability of its eternal seat, which it now with patience waits for, expecting until “righteousness shall return unto judgment,” and it obtain, by virtue of its excellence, final victory and perfect peace. A great work this, and an arduous; but God is my helper. Aeterna Press
The Resurrection Of The Son Of God
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Author : Tom Wright
language : en
Publisher: SPCK
Release Date : 2012-06-07
The Resurrection Of The Son Of God written by Tom Wright and has been published by SPCK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-07 with Religion categories.
N.T. Wright takes us on a fascinating journey through ancient beliefs about life after death, from the shadowy figures who inhabit Homer's Hades, through Plato's hope for a blessed immortality, to the first century, where the Greek and Roman world (apart from the Jews) consistently denied any possibility of resurrection. We then examine ancient Jewish beliefs on the same subject, from the Bible to the Dead Sea Scrolls and beyond. This sets the scene for a full-scale examination of early Christian beliefs about resurrection in general and that of Jesus in particular, beginning with Paul and working through to the start of the third century. Wright looks at all the evidence, and asks: Why did the Christians agree with Jewish resurrection belief while introducing into it - across the board - significant modifications? To answer this question we come to the strange and evocative Easter stories in the gospels and asks whether they can have been late inventions. Wright seeks the best historical conclusions about the empty tomb and the belief that Jesus really did rise bodily from the dead, recognizing that it was this belief that caused early Christians to call Jesus 'Son of God'. In doing so, they posed a political challenge as well as a theological one. These challenges retain their power in the twenty-first century.
Jesus Christ S Competitors
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Author : Charles River Charles River Editors
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2018-04-15
Jesus Christ S Competitors written by Charles River Charles River Editors and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-15 with categories.
*Includes pictures *Includes ancient accounts *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading In the 1st century CE there lived a man named Jesus in Judea, a Roman province at the time. The humble peasant was considered by some to be a prophet, others saw him as a madman, and some considered him as a threat to the safety of the land. In his last days he preached in Jerusalem about the imminent destruction of the Holy City and its temple. He gained notoriety and his warning had an eerie feel about it. His prophecy included parabolic language. Jesus spoke, according to sources, about the wind that carried signs, possibly echoing the words of the prophet Isaiah, and enigmatic parables about the wedding groom and his bride. Some people found his words offensive, and had him arrested and flogged. Unsure what to do with him, the temple authorities handed him over to the Roman procurator. When Jesus was before him, Rome's governor questioned him and asked him what was all that he was prophesying about, but the prisoner did not utter a single word. The procurator had him whipped again, but Jesus did not complain or shed a tear. He did not curse the guards who made fun of him and beat his crushed body. Jesus lamented once again for the fate of the people of Jerusalem, and it was there, not far from the temple, that he was killed by a catapult. There are no other details about Jesus, the son of Ananias, or Jesus ben Ananias, who died near the temple of Jerusalem in 70 AD when a stone thrown by a Roman ballista hit him in the head, except that his last words were "Woe to me!." This doomed prophet was active four decades after a much more famous predecessor, Jesus of Nazareth, who was not knocked down by a stone near the temple but crucified outside the city around 30 AD. It's even possible that both individuals once crossed paths when the son of Ananias was a boy and the Nazarene was already an influential prophet. Maybe the latter was inspired by the Galilean. Historians will likely never know for sure because his disciples, if he had any, did not preserve his words or remember his deeds. Indeed, this Jesus may have been forgotten altogether if not for the Jewish historian Flavius Josephus recounting his strange story The Jewish Wars, written five years after the event. The former anecdote is, above all, great evidence that Jesus of Nazareth, the Christian messiah, was not the only charismatic prophet in Judea, not even in his native Galilee, which was populated by prophets and rebels. Jesus of Nazareth was not the only Jew of his time to be considered a son of God with power to perform miracles, and he was certainly not the only one to be called the messiah during the years of Roman occupation. Like him, other Galileans were executed by the imperial forces under charges of sedition ("This is the king of the Jews"). Indeed, the founder of Christianity lived in a province and a time where others like him blossomed, spiritual men who claimed to carry a divine message or mission from the heavenly Father for the redemption of his children, Israel. For the most part forgotten, they were "the other" prophets, miracle workers and messiahs - in some cases acclaimed as kings - and they were certainly contemporaries of Jesus of Nazareth. The New Testament does not deny the existence of such characters; in fact, it gives subtle but unequivocal clues to their presence. Like Jesus, other prophets, miracle-makers and aspiring messiahs were active in Judea under Herod and his sons, and then under Rome ́s prefects, like Pilate. They felt that the authority of the Highest was with them; they proclaimed that there was no other king but God, and they promised their followers they would see miraculous signs and God's deliverance if they only resisted just a little longer.
Son Of God
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Author : Garrick V. Allen
language : en
Publisher: Penn State Press
Release Date : 2019-02-08
Son Of God written by Garrick V. Allen and has been published by Penn State Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-08 with Religion categories.
In antiquity, “son of god”—meaning a ruler designated by the gods to carry out their will—was a title used by the Roman emperor Augustus and his successors as a way to reinforce their divinely appointed status. But this title was also used by early Christians to speak about Jesus, borrowing the idiom from Israelite and early Jewish discourses on monarchy. This interdisciplinary volume explores what it means to be God’s son(s) in ancient Jewish and early Christian literature. Through close readings of relevant texts from multiple ancient corpora, including the Hebrew Bible, the New Testament, the Dead Sea Scrolls, Greco-Roman texts and inscriptions, early Christian and Islamic texts, and apocalyptic literature, the chapters in this volume engage a range of issues including messianism, deification, eschatological figures, Jesus, interreligious polemics, and the Roman and Jewish backgrounds of early Christianity and the authors of the Dead Sea Scrolls. The essays in this collection demonstrate that divine sonship is an ideal prism through which to better understand the deep interrelationship of ancient religions and their politics of kingship and divinity. In addition to the editors, the contributors to this volume include Richard Bauckham, Max Botner, George J. Brooke, Jan Joosten, Menahem Kister, Reinhard Kratz, Mateusz Kusio, Michael A. Lyons, Matthew V. Novenson, Michael Peppard, Sarah Whittle, and N. T. Wright.
Metamorphosis
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Author : Russell M. Lawson
language : en
Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers
Release Date : 2019-09-10
Metamorphosis written by Russell M. Lawson and has been published by Wipf and Stock Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-10 with Religion categories.
This book is the culmination of many years spent addressing two questions: Why did Christ come when He did? And what happened as a result? The first question has exercised the minds of countless theologians, philosophers, and historians, those who assume through faith that the Son of God could determine whence He appeared among humans. Why during the Roman Empire? Why during the reign of Herod the Great or his successor Herod Archelaus? Why not centuries earlier, or centuries later? Why at this particular time, two thousand years ago? Such answers as have been proposed—that He arrived as the Messiah to fulfill God's promise to the Jews; that He arrived when the Pax Romana provided the stability and continuity necessary for the spread of Christianity throughout the Mediterranean region; that He arrived when humans needed Him most—are sufficient, if not wholly satisfactory, answers to the question. One way to approach the question, Why did Christ come when He did?, is to ask the corollary, And what happened as a result?, which provides a host of new possibilities. He came to establish the Church; He came to replace the Old Testament Law, the old covenant, with a new covenant; He came to inaugurate the Great Commission, to spread His Word throughout the world; He came to save the world; He inaugurated the greatest revolution in thought, culture, and society, the world has ever seen before and since. Which one is true? What is the answer?
The Grammar Of Messianism
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Author : Matthew V. Novenson
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2017
The Grammar Of Messianism written by Matthew V. Novenson and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Religion categories.
"This book is a scholarly treatment of messianism in ancient Judaism and Christianity. In particular, and in contrast to other recent treatments, it is a study of what we might call the grammar of messianism, that is, the patterns of language inherited from the Hebrew Bible that all ancient messiah texts, Jewish and Christian, use. It makes the point that all ancient messiah texts are creative efforts at negotiating a shared set of linguistic possibilities and limitations inherited from the Hebrew Bible. The distinguishing features of the book are several: First, breaking with an ideologically loaded tradition, it incorporates both Jewish and Christian texts as evidence for this discursive practice. Second, rather than drawing up a taxonomy of types of ancient messiah figures, it analyzes a range of other more specific issues raised by the texts themselves. Third, it cuts the Gordian knot of the longstanding question of the prominence of messianism in antiquity, suggesting that that question is ultimately unanswerable but also entirely unnecessary for an understanding of the pertinent texts"--
Roman Gods Goddesses
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Author : Britannica Educational Publishing
language : en
Publisher: Britannica Educational Publishing
Release Date : 2014-01-01
Roman Gods Goddesses written by Britannica Educational Publishing and has been published by Britannica Educational Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-01 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
While the ancient Roman pantheon in many ways resembles that of ancient Greece, there is much that sets apart Roman mythology. Romans also borrowed from the religions of ancient Egypt, Asia Minor, and the Middle East, and legendary figures such as Romulus and Remus, tied closely to the history of Rome, feature prominently in ancient stories. The major and lesser figures of Roman mythology are presented in this vibrant volume with sidebars spotlighting related facts and concepts about Roman mythology and religion.