The Uses Of Humans In Experiment
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The Uses Of Humans In Experiment
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2016-03-11
The Uses Of Humans In Experiment written by and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-11 with Science categories.
Ethics in human experimentation has a long history and The Uses of Humans in Experiment draws on examples from the early modern period to illustrate how humans have been both subjects and instruments over the past four centuries.
The Use Of Human Beings In Research
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Author : S.F. Spicker
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Use Of Human Beings In Research written by S.F. Spicker and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
This volume, which has developed from the Fourteenth Trans Disciplinary Symposium on Philosophy and Medicine, September 5-8, 1982, at Tel Aviv University, Israel, contains the contributions of a group of distinguished scholars who together examine the ethical issues raised by the advance of biomedical science and technology. We are, of course, still at the beginning of a revolution in our understanding of human biology; scientific medicine and clinical research are scarcely one hundred years old. Both the sciences and the technology of medicine until ten or fifteen years ago had the feeling of the 19th century about them; we sense that they belonged to an older time; that era is ending. The next twenty-five to fifty years of investigative work belong to neurobiology, genetics, and reproductive biology. The technologies of information processing and imaging will make diagnosis and treatment almost incomprehensible by my generation of physicians. Our science and technology will become so powerful that we shall require all of the art and wisdom we can muster to be sure that they remain dedicated, as Francis Bacon hoped four centuries ago, "to the uses of life." It is well that, as philosophers and physicians, we grapple with the issues now when they are relatively simple, and while the pace of change is relatively slow. We require a strategy for the future; that strategy must be worked out by scientists, philosophers, physicians, lawyers, theologians, and, I should like to add, artists and poets.
In The Name Of Science
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Author : Andrew Goliszek
language : en
Publisher: St. Martin's Press
Release Date : 2003-11-15
In The Name Of Science written by Andrew Goliszek and has been published by St. Martin's Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-11-15 with Science categories.
Science, as Andrew Goliszek proves in this compendious, chilling, and eye-opening book, has always had its dark side. Behind the bright promise of life-saving vaccines and life-enhancing technologies lies the true cost of the efforts to develop them. Knowledge has a price; often that price has been human suffering. The ethical limits governing use of the human body in experimentation have been breached, redefined, and breached again---from the moment the first plague-ridden corpse was heaved over the fortifications of a besieged medieval city to the use of cutting-edge gene therapy today. Those limits are in constant need of redefinition, for the goals and the techniques have become both more refined and more secretive. The German and Japanese human experiments of the 1930s and 1940s horrified the world when they came to light. These barbaric exercises in pseudoscience grew out of assumptions of racial superiority. The subjects were deemed subhuman; ordinary guidelines could therefore be suspended. What has happened in the decades since World War II has differed only in degree. Explicitly or implicitly, any organization or government that undertakes or sponsors scientific research applies some measure of human worth. Experimentation rests upon an equation that balances suffering against gain, the good of the collective against the rights of the individual, and the risk of unknown consequences against the rewards of scientific discovery. Everything depends upon who makes that equation. The sobering and gripping accumulation of evidence in this book proves exactly what has been justified in the name of science. The science of "eugenics" justified enforced sterilization. The need to gain an upper hand in the Cold War justified CIA experiments involving mind control and drugs. The desperate race to control nuclear proliferation was used to justify radiation experiments whose effects are still being felt today. Chemical warfare, gene therapy, molecular medicine: These subjects dominate headlines and even direct our government's foreign policy, yet the whole truth about the experimentation behind them has never been made public. Though not a cheering book, In the Name of Science is a crucially important one, and it deserves a wide audience. A biologist by training, Goliszek presents each topic clearly and explains fully its significance and implications. Connecting the history of scientific experimentation through time with the topics that are likely to dominate the future, he has performed an invaluable service. No other book on the market provides the research included here, or presents it with such persuasive force.
Use Of Laboratory Animals In Biomedical And Behavioral Research
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1988-02-01
Use Of Laboratory Animals In Biomedical And Behavioral Research written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988-02-01 with Science categories.
Scientific experiments using animals have contributed significantly to the improvement of human health. Animal experiments were crucial to the conquest of polio, for example, and they will undoubtedly be one of the keystones in AIDS research. However, some persons believe that the cost to the animals is often high. Authored by a committee of experts from various fields, this book discusses the benefits that have resulted from animal research, the scope of animal research today, the concerns of advocates of animal welfare, and the prospects for finding alternatives to animal use. The authors conclude with specific recommendations for more consistent government action.
Testing With Humans
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Author : Giff Constable
language : en
Publisher: Giff Constable
Release Date : 2018-10-15
Testing With Humans written by Giff Constable and has been published by Giff Constable this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-15 with categories.
Testing with Humans, the sequel to bestseller Talking to Humans, teaches entrepreneurs, innovation teams, and product teams how to run effective experiments. An experiment is a test designed to help you answer the questions
Experimenting With Humans And Animals
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Author : Anita Guerrini
language : en
Publisher: JHU Press
Release Date : 2003-07-02
Experimenting With Humans And Animals written by Anita Guerrini and has been published by JHU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-07-02 with History categories.
Ethical questions about the use of animals and humans in research remain among the most vexing within both the scientific community and society at large. These often rancorous arguments have gone on, however, with little awareness of their historical antecedents. Experimentation on animals and particularly humans is often assumed to be a uniquely modern phenomenon, but the ideas and attitudes that encourage the biological and medical sciences to experiment on living creatures date from the earliest expression of Western thought. Here, Anita Guerrini looks at the history of these practices from vivisection in ancient Alexandria to present-day battles over animal rights and medical research employing human subjects. Guerrini discusses key historical episodes, including the discovery of blood circulation, the development of smallpox and polio vaccines, and recent AIDS research. She also explores the rise of the antivivisection movement in Victorian England, the modern animal rights movement, and current debates over gene therapy.--From publisher description.
The Use Of Human Beings In Research
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Author : Stuart F. Spicker
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
The Use Of Human Beings In Research written by Stuart F. Spicker and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with categories.
Useful Bodies
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Author : Jordan Goodman
language : en
Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press+ORM
Release Date : 2004-12-01
Useful Bodies written by Jordan Goodman and has been published by Johns Hopkins University Press+ORM this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-12-01 with Science categories.
A collection of essays that offers “a significant contribution to our understanding of the role of the state in human subjects research” (Journal of the History of Biology). Though notoriously associated with Germany, human experimentation in the name of science has been practiced in other countries, as well, both before and after the Nazi era. The use of unwitting or unwilling subjects in experiments designed to test the effects of radiation and disease on the human body emerged at the turn of the twentieth century, when the rise of the modern, coercive state and the professionalization of medical science converged. Useful Bodies explores the intersection of government power and medical knowledge in revealing studies of human experimentation—germ warfare and jaundice tests in Great Britain; radiation, malaria, and hepatitis experiments in the U.S.; and nuclear fallout trials in Australia. These examples of medical abuse illustrate the extent to which living human bodies have been “useful” to democratic states and emphasize the need for intense scrutiny and regulation to prevent future violations. Contributors: Brian Balmer, University College London; Miriam Boleyn-Fitzgerald, University of Wisconsin; Rodney A. Hayward, University of Michigan; Joel D. Howell, University of Michigan; Margaret Humphreys, Duke University; David S. Jones, Massachusetts General Hospital; Robert L. Martensen, Tulane University School of Medicine; Glenn Mitchell, University of Wollongong; Jenny Stanton, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine; Gilbert Whittemore, independent scholar/attorney, Boston “Each chapter is a startling case study that examines the nature and degree of the state’s involvement in human experimentation.” —Issues in Law and Medicine “Well written and meticulously researched.” —Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences
What Will We Do If We Don T Experiment On Animals
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Author : Jean Swingle Greek
language : en
Publisher: Trafford Publishing
Release Date : 2004
What Will We Do If We Don T Experiment On Animals written by Jean Swingle Greek and has been published by Trafford Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Medical categories.
Drs. Greek have written 2 books on why using animals as models for humans is not the best way to conduct medical research and drug testing. During their lectures and debates, the most commonly asked question was, "Well. What will we use if we don't use animals?" What Will We Do If We Don't Experiment On Animals? Medical Research for the Twenty-first Century is the answer to that question. Drs. Greek explain briefly why one species cannot predict drug response for another and describe what research and testing methods should be used today instead of animals. They also describe where our biomedical research dollars should be spent if we are to have cures for cancer, AIDS, and Alzheimer's. This book will appeal to science-trained and general audiences, animal lovers and science readers, public policy analysts, students, patients and patient support groups, and government watchdog groups. What Will We Do If We Don't Experiment On Animals? Medical Research for the Twenty-first Century takes medical research out of the nineteenth and into the 21st century.
Research On Human Subjects
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Author : Bernard Barber
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-04-24
Research On Human Subjects written by Bernard Barber and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-24 with Medical categories.
The use of human subjects in biomedical research has increased rapidly with scientific discoveries. However, the failure to achieve the highest - or even adequate - standards of professional moral concern and behavior is a serious side effect. Research on Human Subjects is based on four years of intensive research in which two studies were completed - one on a nationally representative sample of biomedical research institutions, the second on a sample of 350 researchers who actually used human subjects. The authors explore prevalent ethical norms, the actual ethical behavior of scientists, and the dilemma between the values of humane therapy and scientific discovery. They document the inadequate training that biomedical researchers receive in the ethics of research on human subjects, not only in medical schools but in post-graduate training as well. This landmark work makes very specific suggestions for policy change and reform for the biomedical research profession and its employment of human subjects.