Theories Of Probability An Examination Of Logical And Qualitative Foundations
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Theories Of Probability An Examination Of Logical And Qualitative Foundations
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Author : Louis E Narens
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2007-08-13
Theories Of Probability An Examination Of Logical And Qualitative Foundations written by Louis E Narens and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-08-13 with Mathematics categories.
Standard probability theory has been an enormously successful contribution to modern science. However, from many perspectives it is too narrow as a general theory of uncertainty, particularly for issues involving subjective uncertainty. This first-of-its-kind book is primarily based on qualitative approaches to probabilistic-like uncertainty, and includes qualitative theories for the standard theory as well as several of its generalizations.One of these generalizations produces a belief function composed of two functions: a probability function that measures the probabilistic strength of an uncertain event, and another function that measures the amount of ambiguity or vagueness of the event. Another unique approach of the book is to change the event space from a boolean algebra, which is closely linked to classical propositional logic, to a different event algebra that is closely linked to a well-studied generalization of classical propositional logic known as intuitionistic logic. Together, these new qualitative theories succeed where the standard probability theory fails by accounting for a number of puzzling empirical findings in the psychology of human probability judgments and decision making.
Theories Of Probability
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Author : Terrence L. Fine
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1973
Theories Of Probability written by Terrence L. Fine and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with Mathematics categories.
Statistical Mechanics And The Physics Of Many Particle Model Systems
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Author : Alexander Leonidovich Kuzemsky
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2017-02-24
Statistical Mechanics And The Physics Of Many Particle Model Systems written by Alexander Leonidovich Kuzemsky and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-24 with Science categories.
The book is devoted to the study of the correlation effects in many-particle systems. It presents the advanced methods of quantum statistical mechanics (equilibrium and nonequilibrium), and shows their effectiveness and operational ability in applications to problems of quantum solid-state theory, quantum theory of magnetism and the kinetic theory. The book includes description of the fundamental concepts and techniques of analysis following the approach of N N Bogoliubov's school, including recent developments. It provides an overview that introduces the main notions of quantum many-particle physics with the emphasis on concepts and models.This book combines the features of textbook and research monograph. For many topics the aim is to start from the beginning and to guide the reader to the threshold of advanced researches. Many chapters include also additional information and discuss many complex research areas which are not often discussed in other places. The book is useful for established researchers to organize and present the advanced material disseminated in the literature. The book contains also an extensive bibliography.The book serves undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate students, as well as researchers who have had prior experience with the subject matter at a more elementary level or have used other many-particle techniques.
Human And Artificial Rationalities Advances In Cognition Computation And Consciousness
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Author : Jean Baratgin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2025-03-25
Human And Artificial Rationalities Advances In Cognition Computation And Consciousness written by Jean Baratgin and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-03-25 with Computers categories.
This book constitutes the proceedings of the Third International Conference on Human and Artificial Rationalities, HAR 2024, which took place in Paris, France, in September 2024. The 19 full papers and 4 short papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 52 submissions. They are organized under the following topical sections: Artificial reasoning and models; Moral reasoning; Artificial intelligence and cognition; Rationality and Dual Process; Reasoning and special needs; Education; Experimental procedures in cognition. * This book also contains one additional paper from the HAR 2023 conference.
Knowledge Structures Recent Developments In Theory And Application
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Author : Jurgen Heller
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2024-07-09
Knowledge Structures Recent Developments In Theory And Application written by Jurgen Heller and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07-09 with Mathematics categories.
Founded in 1985 by Jean-Claude Falmagne and Jean-Paul Doignon, Knowledge Structure Theory (KST) constitutes a rigorous and current mathematical theory for the representation and the assessment of human knowledge. The seminal work of these authors initiated a highly active research strand with an ever-growing literature, mostly scattered across various technical journals.Starting from a concise but comprehensive introduction to its foundations, this volume provides a state-of-the-art review of KST. For the first time the volume brings together the most important theoretical developments and extensions of the last decade and presents new areas of application beyond education, with contributions by key researchers in the field.Among the important advances covered by this book are (1) a comprehensive treatment of probabilistic models in KST; (2) polytomous extensions of the theory; (3) KST-based psychological diagnostics and neuropsychological assessment; (4) the representation and assessment of cognitive skills in problem solving, as well as procedural skills. In addition, this book also includes an overview of available software for the application of KST.
Descriptive And Normative Approaches To Human Behavior
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Author : Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2012
Descriptive And Normative Approaches To Human Behavior written by Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Mathematics categories.
The aim of the book is to present side-by-side representative and cutting-edge samples of work in mathematical psychology and the analytic philosophy with prominent use of mathematical formalisms.
The Economics Of The Global Environment
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Author : Graciela Chichilnisky
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-05-18
The Economics Of The Global Environment written by Graciela Chichilnisky and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-18 with Business & Economics categories.
This is the first book combining research on the Global Environment, Catastrophic Risks and Economic Theory and Policy. Modern economic theory originated in the middle of the twentieth century when industrial expansion coupled with population growth led to a voracious use of natural resources and global environmental concerns. It is uncontested that, for the first time in recorded history, humans dominate the planet, changing the planet's atmosphere, its bodies of water, and the complex web of species that makes life on earth. This radical change in circumstances led to rethinking of the foundations of human organization and, in particular, the industrial economy and the economic theory behind it. This book brings together new approaches on multiple levels: environmental sustainability requires rethinking in terms of economic theory and policy as well as the considerations of catastrophic risk and extremal events. Leading experts address questions of economic governance, risk management, policy decision making and distribution across time and space.
Probabilistic Lattices With Applications To Psychology
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Author : Louis E Narens
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2014-12-30
Probabilistic Lattices With Applications To Psychology written by Louis E Narens and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-30 with Mathematics categories.
There are many books on lattice theory in the field, but none interfaces with the foundations of probability. This book does. It also develops new probability theories with rigorous foundations for decision theory and applies them to specific well-known problematic examples. There is only one other book that attempts this. It uses quantum probability theory from physics. The new probability theories developed in this book are different; they are not borrowed from physics but are explicitly designed for decision theory.
Measuring Statistical Evidence Using Relative Belief
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Author : Michael Evans
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2015-06-23
Measuring Statistical Evidence Using Relative Belief written by Michael Evans and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-23 with Mathematics categories.
This book provides an overview of recent work on developing a theory of statistical inference based on measuring statistical evidence. It attempts to establish a gold standard for how a statistical analysis should proceed. The book illustrates relative belief theory using many examples and describes the strengths and weaknesses of the theory. The author also addresses fundamental statistical issues, including the meaning of probability, the role of subjectivity, the meaning of objectivity, and the role of infinity and continuity.
The Geometry Of Uncertainty
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Author : Fabio Cuzzolin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-12-17
The Geometry Of Uncertainty written by Fabio Cuzzolin and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-17 with Computers categories.
The principal aim of this book is to introduce to the widest possible audience an original view of belief calculus and uncertainty theory. In this geometric approach to uncertainty, uncertainty measures can be seen as points of a suitably complex geometric space, and manipulated in that space, for example, combined or conditioned. In the chapters in Part I, Theories of Uncertainty, the author offers an extensive recapitulation of the state of the art in the mathematics of uncertainty. This part of the book contains the most comprehensive summary to date of the whole of belief theory, with Chap. 4 outlining for the first time, and in a logical order, all the steps of the reasoning chain associated with modelling uncertainty using belief functions, in an attempt to provide a self-contained manual for the working scientist. In addition, the book proposes in Chap. 5 what is possibly the most detailed compendium available of all theories of uncertainty. Part II, The Geometry of Uncertainty, is the core of this book, as it introduces the author’s own geometric approach to uncertainty theory, starting with the geometry of belief functions: Chap. 7 studies the geometry of the space of belief functions, or belief space, both in terms of a simplex and in terms of its recursive bundle structure; Chap. 8 extends the analysis to Dempster’s rule of combination, introducing the notion of a conditional subspace and outlining a simple geometric construction for Dempster’s sum; Chap. 9 delves into the combinatorial properties of plausibility and commonality functions, as equivalent representations of the evidence carried by a belief function; then Chap. 10 starts extending the applicability of the geometric approach to other uncertainty measures, focusing in particular on possibility measures (consonant belief functions) and the related notion of a consistent belief function. The chapters in Part III, Geometric Interplays, are concerned with the interplay of uncertainty measures of different kinds, and the geometry of their relationship, with a particular focus on the approximation problem. Part IV, Geometric Reasoning, examines the application of the geometric approach to the various elements of the reasoning chain illustrated in Chap. 4, in particular conditioning and decision making. Part V concludes the book by outlining a future, complete statistical theory of random sets, future extensions of the geometric approach, and identifying high-impact applications to climate change, machine learning and artificial intelligence. The book is suitable for researchers in artificial intelligence, statistics, and applied science engaged with theories of uncertainty. The book is supported with the most comprehensive bibliography on belief and uncertainty theory.