Theorists Models In Action
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Theorists Models In Action
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Author : Marvin Alkin
language : en
Publisher: Jossey-Bass
Release Date : 2005-08-11
Theorists Models In Action written by Marvin Alkin and has been published by Jossey-Bass this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-08-11 with Education categories.
This volume analyzes how evaluation theorists apply their approach in practice. A scenario of a situation at an elementary school is presented to four prominent theorists, who describe how they would design and conduct an evaluation of the school's program. The editors consider the theorists' proposed evaluations, as well as their subsequent comments, to develop themes related to the influence of theory and context on practice. They also provide a comparative analysis of the theorists' evaluation approaches in relation to the context of evaluation case presented. Evaluation theorists seem to be quite good at propounding on how they think the evaluation world ought to work. Yet do we really know that what theorists say they would do in practice is indeed what they would actually do? Evaluation, after all, is situational. Each context offers its own constituency, set of values, programmatic elements, bureaucratic hurdles, and other variables. This volume demonstrates why evaluators need to adapt their point of view to a particular situation, and provides much-needed study and analysis on the way in which they make those adaptations. This is the 106th volume of the Jossey-Bass quarterly report series New Directions for Evaluation.
Game Theory In Action
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Author : Stephen Schecter
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2016-04-05
Game Theory In Action written by Stephen Schecter and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-05 with Business & Economics categories.
The essential textbook for learning game theory strategies Game Theory in Action is a textbook about using game theory across a range of real-life scenarios. From traffic accidents to the sex lives of lizards, Stephen Schecter and Herbert Gintis show students how game theory can be applied in diverse areas including animal behavior, political science, and economics. The book's examples and problems look at such fascinating topics as crime-control strategies, climate-change negotiations, and the power of the Oracle at Delphi. The text includes a substantial treatment of evolutionary game theory, where strategies are not chosen through rational analysis, but emerge by virtue of being successful. This is the side of game theory that is most relevant to biology; it also helps to explain how human societies evolve. Aimed at students who have studied basic calculus and some differential equations, Game Theory in Action is the perfect way to learn the concepts and practical tools of game theory. Aimed at students who have studied calculus and some differential equations Examples are drawn from diverse scenarios, ranging from traffic accidents to the sex lives of lizards A substantial treatment of evolutionary game theory Useful problem sets at the end of each chapter
Toward A Structural Theory Of Action
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Author : Peter H. Rossi
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Toward A Structural Theory Of Action written by Peter H. Rossi and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Social Science categories.
Toward a Structural Theory of Action: Network Models of Social Structure, Perception, and Action centers on the concept of social structure, perceptions, and actions, as well as the strategies through which these concepts guide empirical research. This book also proposes a model of status/role-sets as patterns of relationships defining positions in the social topology. This text consists of nine chapters separated into three parts. Chapter 1 introduces the goals and organization of the book. Chapters 2-4 provide analytical synopsis of available network models of social differentiation, and then use these models in describing actual stratification. Chapter 5 presents a model in which actor interests are captured. Subsequent chapter assesses the empirical adequacy of the two predictions described in this book. Then, other chapters provide a network model of constraint and its empirical adequacy. This book will be valuable to anthropologists, economists, political scientists, and psychologists.
Social Psychology In Action
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Author : Kai Sassenberg
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-07-01
Social Psychology In Action written by Kai Sassenberg and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-01 with Psychology categories.
This timely and applied textbook brings together leading scientists to illustrate how key theories and concepts in social psychology help to predict and explain behavior, and can be successfully applied to benefit social and practical problems. It focuses on robust theories and models known for their successful applications and covers a diverse range of settings—spanning classroom interventions, health behavior, financial decision making, climate change and much more. Each chapter comprises of a theoretical section to define the key concepts and summarize the theory, providing evidence for its reliability and limitations from basic research, as well as an application section that summarizes research in an applied context and provides details about a particular study including the respective application setting. The textbook expertly shows how theory can make meaningful predictions for real world contexts, and isn’t afraid to explain the potential hurdles and pitfalls when applying atheory and its underlying set of concepts in a certain context. Crucially, this format moves towards theory testing in applied contexts, enabling a closer examination of why and under what circumstances interventions may be successful in obtaining a desired behavioral or psychological end-state. Among the topics explored: Mindset theory of action phases and if-then planning Quality of motivation in self-determination theory The focus theory of normative conduct Social identity theory and intergroup contact theory Intergroup forgiveness Social Psychology in Action is a critical resource for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in social and cultural psychology, as well as students of behavioral economics seeking to develop a deeper understanding of major theories and applications of the fields. Practitioners working in the areas of organizational behavior and management, health communication, social work, and educational science and pedagogy will also find the volume pertinent to their work.
Advances In Artificial Intelligence Theories Models And Applications
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Author : Stasinos Konstantopoulos
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-04-23
Advances In Artificial Intelligence Theories Models And Applications written by Stasinos Konstantopoulos and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-23 with Computers categories.
This volume constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th Hellenic Conference on Artificial Intelligence, SETN 2010, held in Athens, Greece, in May 2010. The 28 revised full papers and 22 revised short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 83 submissions. The topics include but are not restricted to adaptive systems; AI and creativity; AI architectures; artificial life; autonomous systems; data mining and knowledge discovery; hybrid intelligent systems & methods; intelligent agents, multi-agent systems; intelligent distributed systems; intelligent information retrieval; intelligent/natural interactivity, intelligent virtual environments; knowledge representation and reasoning, logic programming; knowledge-based systems; machine learning, neural nets, genetic algorithms; natural language processing; planning and scheduling; problem solving, constraint satisfaction; robotics, machine vision, machine sensing.
Artificial Intelligence Theories Models And Applications
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Author : John Darzentas
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2008-09-22
Artificial Intelligence Theories Models And Applications written by John Darzentas and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-09-22 with Computers categories.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a dynamic field that is constantly expanding into new application areas, discovering new research challenges and facilitating the devel- ment of innovative products. Today’s information overload and rapid technological advancement raise needs for effective management of the complexity and heteroge- ity of knowledge, for intelligent and adaptable man–machine interfaces and for pr- ucts and applications that can learn and take decisions by themselves. Although the mystery of human-level intelligence has just started to be uncovered in various int- disciplinary fields, AI is inspired by the respective scientific areas to explore certain theories and models that will provide the methods and techniques to design and - velop human-centered applications that address the above-mentioned needs. This volume contains papers selected for presentation at the 5th Hellenic Conference on Artificial Intelligence (SETN 2008), the official meeting of the Hellenic Society for Artificial Intelligence (EETN). Previous conferences were held at the University of Piraeus (1996), at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (2002), at the University of the Aegean (2004) and at the Institute of Computer Science at FORTH (Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas) and the University of Crete (2006).
Diffusion And Adoption Of Information Technology
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Author : Karlheinz Kautz
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1996-04-30
Diffusion And Adoption Of Information Technology written by Karlheinz Kautz and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-04-30 with Computers categories.
It. is well known that t.he introduction of a new technology in one organization not always produces the intended benefits (Levine, 1994). In many cases, either the receivers do not reach the intended level of use or simply the technology is rejected because it does not match with the expectations (true or false) and the accepted psychological effort to use it. The case of formal methods is a paradigmatic example of continual failures. The published cases with problems or failures only constitute the visible part of a large iceberg of adoption cases. It. is difficult to get companies to openly express the problems they had; however, from the experience of the author, failure cases are very common and they include any type of company. Many reasons to explain the failures (and in some cases the successes) could be postulated; however, the experiences are not structured enough and it is difficult to extract from them useful guidelines for avoiding future problems. Generally speaking, there is a trend to find the root of the problems in the technol ogy itself and in its adequacy with the preexistent technological context. Technocratic technology transfer models describe the problems in terms of these aspects. Although it is true that those factors limit the probability of success, there is another source of explanations linked to the individuals and working teams and how they perceive the technology.
Integral Theory In Action
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Author : Sean Esbjörn-Hargens
language : en
Publisher: State University of New York Press
Release Date : 2010-08-01
Integral Theory In Action written by Sean Esbjörn-Hargens and has been published by State University of New York Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-08-01 with Psychology categories.
In a world as complex as ours, an integral approach is needed to help sort through a dynamic landscape and respond effectively to individual and collective challenges. Integral Theory in Action provides the first multi-authored overview of such an approach. Integral Theory is the result of 30 years of research and is being applied in over 35 distinct disciplines. This volume brings together two dozen leading scholar-practitioners who are actively applying integral principles and who address a range of issues from an integral perspective including: climate change, embodiment, feminist aesthetics, community discourse, treatment of depression, developmental theory, and global ethics. The strengths, limitations, and potential of Integral Theory and Ken Wilber's AQAL model are weighed by each contributor. This collection pushes the field of Integral Theory in new ways and new directions, and provides a comprehensive overview that makes it an invaluable resource for any integral effort.
The Russian Theory Of Activity
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Author : Gregory Bedny
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-02-25
The Russian Theory Of Activity written by Gregory Bedny and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-25 with Psychology categories.
The opening of the former Soviet Union to the West has provided an opportunity to describe Russian human factors/ergonomics and to compare American theories and methods with it. Although this book is principally dedicated to describing the theory of activity as it applies to issues of design and training, it is also offered to a general audience of psychologists and interested lay readers. This theory studies the goal-directed behavior of man and attempts to integrate the cognitive, motivational, and behavioral aspects of activity into a holistic system. Such fundamental notions as goal, action, and self-regulation are described and analyzed from totally different theoretical points of view. This is the first comprehensive, systematic description of the theory of activity in the English language. Existing attempts to translate the theory of activity into English suffer from certain limitations. Among them, the theory of activity -- considered one of the more important accomplishments of Soviet psychological science -- has an extensive history dating back to the work of Vygotsky and his students. Subsequent development of the theory by other well-known Soviet psychologists and psychophysiologists took place within different schools with some significant differences. In the former Soviet Union, psychological theory could not be advanced unconnected to Marxist-Leninist ideology. Accordingly, theoretical formulations were subject to their own version of "political correctness." Books published in this field were addressed only to other scientists with backgrounds in the field. Moreover, the translation of the technical terms in Russian psychology frequently resist translation in the absence of the context of the debates in which they were being used. Thus, simple translation of books in this field as they were written in a specialized and politicized environment for Russian audiences is really not a particularly sensible or worthwhile undertaking. This book is addressed in the first instance to Western psychologists. It compares, among other things, analyses of work from the former Soviet Union with the work from the West. Applications of activity theory to design and learning were paramount in the Soviet Union. Using their own theoretical perspective, the authors provide a comparative analysis of the various schools working in activity theory. They hope that this book may facilitate the exchange of ideas between Russian psychological scientists and Western psychologists working in ergonomics, human factors, industrial/organizational psychology, education, learning, and related areas where the theory of activity may find general application. This book's authors attempt to provide a contribution not only to science but also to history. Western researchers have strongly influenced Russian work, but because of negative political pressure in the former USSR, the flow of concepts was one-sided. Russian ergonomists received so much from American and Western sources that it is now important to give something back. Despite the considerable similarity between Russian and American theories and methods, the special "spin" the former put on their work may stimulate new thinking on the part of their American colleagues.
Reasoning Action And Interaction In Ai Theories And Systems
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Author : Oliviero Stock
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-09-04
Reasoning Action And Interaction In Ai Theories And Systems written by Oliviero Stock and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-09-04 with Computers categories.
The present book is a festschrift in honor of Luigia Carlucci Aiello. The 18 articles included are written by former students, friends, and international colleagues, who have cooperated with Luigia Carlucci Aiello, scientifically or in AI boards or committees. The contributions by reputed researchers span a wide range of AI topics and reflect the breadth and depth of Aiello's own work.