Thermal Processes Using Attosecond Laser Pulses

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Thermal Processes Using Attosecond Laser Pulses

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Author : Miroslaw Kozlowski
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2006-09-27

Thermal Processes Using Attosecond Laser Pulses written by Miroslaw Kozlowski and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-09-27 with Science categories.

This book is based on the results of our interest in the ?eld of ultrashort laser pulses interaction with matter. The aim of our monograph was to build the balanced description of the thermal transport phenomena generated by laser pulses shorter than the characteristic relaxation time. In the book we explore the matter on the quark, nuclear as well atomic scales. Also on the cosmic scale (Planck Era) the thermal disturbance shorter than the Planck time creates the new picture of the Universe. The mathematics, especially PDE, are the main tool in the description of the ultrashort thermal phenomena. Two types of the PDE: parabolic and hyperbolic partial di?erential equations are of special interest in the study of the thermal processes. We assume a moderate knowledge of basic Fourier and d’Alembert eq- tions. The scope of the book is deliberately limited to the background of the quantum mechanics equations: Schr ̈ odinger and Klein-Gordon. In this book the attosecond laser pulses are the main source of the dist- bance of the thermal state of the matter. Recently, the attosecond laser pulses constitute a novel tool for probing processes taking place on the time scale of electron motion inside atoms. The research presented in this book appears to provide the basic tools and concepts for attosecond thermal dynamics. Nevertheless much research is still needed to make this emerging ?eld routinely applicable for a broad range of processes on atomic and subatomic scales.

Light Driven Alignment

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Author : Boris P. Antonyuk
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009

Light Driven Alignment written by Boris P. Antonyuk and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Science categories.

This book deals with influencing the properties of solids by light-driven electron transport. The theoretical basis of these effects, light-driven ordering and self-organisation, as well as optical motors are presented. With light as a tool, new ways to produce materials are opened.

Optical Microresonators

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Author : John Heebner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008

Optical Microresonators written by John Heebner and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Science categories.

Optical Micro-Resonators are an exciting new field of research that has gained prominence in the past few years due to the emergence of new fabrication technologies. This book is the first detailed text on the theory, fabrication, and applications of optical micro-resonators, and will be found useful by both graduate students and researchers in the field.

Light Scattering By Systems Of Particles

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Author : Adrian Doicu
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2006-10-19

Light Scattering By Systems Of Particles written by Adrian Doicu and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-10-19 with Science categories.

This book develops the theory of the null-field method (also called T-matrix method), covering almost all aspects and current applications. This book also incorporates FORTRAN programs and simulation results. Worked examples of the application of the FORTRAN programs show readers how to adapt or modify the programs for their specific application.

Wavelength Filters In Fibre Optics

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Author : Herbert Venghaus
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2006-09-21

Wavelength Filters In Fibre Optics written by Herbert Venghaus and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-09-21 with Science categories.

Information and communication technologies have been growing and - veloping steadily for as long as any of us can remember. Growth was p- ticularly strong in the last few decades, and fibre optic communication s- tems have become predominant whenever information is to be transmitted over medium or long distances. Even when the ‘telecommunication bubble’ burst at the beginning of the new millennium, the only thing which vanished was the expectation of making a fortune by buying and reselling telecom device and equipment manufacturing companies; the upgrading of existing fibre optic links and the deployment of new ones continued unabated. The reason for the predominance of communication via optical fibres is the vast amount of information a single fibre can carry. However, in order to take advantage of this potential, it is mandatory to transmit different wavelength channels simultaneously over a single optical fibre, and the handling of these wavelength channels requires wavelength selective - vices or wavelength filters. Among the functionalities optical filters have to accomplish are the selection of single or several channels out of a larger number of channels, the separation of one channel wavelength from - wanted spurious noise at different wavelengths, filters have to support routing, enable the lossless (or low loss) combination of wavelengths, and they have to compensate for wavelength dispersion effects.

Engineering Optics

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Author : Keigo Iizuka
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-04-01

Engineering Optics written by Keigo Iizuka and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-04-01 with Science categories.

Engineering Optics is a book for students who want to apply their knowledge of optics to engineering problems, as well as for engineering students who want to acquire the basic principles of optics. It covers such important topics as optical signal processing, holography, tomography, holographic radars, fiber optical communication, electro- and acousto-optic devices, and integrated optics (including optical bistability). Practical examples, such as the video disk, the Fresnel zone plate, and many more, appear throughout the text, together with numerous solved exercises. There is an entirely new section in this updated edition on 3-D imaging.

Pulsed Laser Ablation Of Solids

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Author : Mihai Stafe
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-09

Pulsed Laser Ablation Of Solids written by Mihai Stafe and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-09 with Science categories.

The book introduces ‘the state of the art' of pulsed laser ablation and its applications. It is based on recent theoretical and experimental studies. The book reaches from the basics to advanced topics of pulsed laser ablation. Theoretical and experimental fundamental phenomena involved in pulsed laser ablation are discussed with respect to material properties, laser wavelength, fluence and intensity regime of the light absorbed linearly or non-linearly in the target material. The energy absorbed by the electrons leads to atom/molecule excitation, ionization and/or direct chemical bond breaking and is also transferred to the lattice leading to material heating and phase transitions. Experimental non-invasive optical methods for analyzing these phenomena in real time are described. Theoretical models for pulsed laser ablation and phase transitions induced by laser beams and laser-vapour/plasma interaction during the plume expansion above the target are also presented. Calculations of the ablation speed and dimensions of the ablated micro- and nano-structures are performed. The validity and required refinement of different models in different experimental conditions is provided. The pulsed laser deposition process which bases on collecting the ablated particles on a surface is analyzed in terms of efficiency and quality of the deposited films as a function of ambient conditions, target material, laser parameters and substrate characteristics. The interaction between the incident laser and the ablation plasma is analyzed with respect to its influence on the structures of the deposited films and its capacity to generate high harmonics and single attosecond pulses which are highly desirable in pump-probe experiments.

Developments In Surface Contamination And Cleaning Volume 7

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Author : Rajiv Kohli
language : en
Publisher: William Andrew
Release Date : 2014-11-18

Developments In Surface Contamination And Cleaning Volume 7 written by Rajiv Kohli and has been published by William Andrew this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-18 with Technology & Engineering categories.

As device sizes in the semiconductor industries are shrinking, they become more vulnerable to smaller contaminant particles, and most conventional cleaning techniques employed in the industry are not as effective at smaller scales. The book series Developments in Surface Contamination and Cleaning as a whole provides an excellent source of information on these alternative cleaning techniques as well as methods for characterization and validation of surface contamination. Each volume has a particular topical focus, covering the key techniques and recent developments in the area. The chapters in this Volume address the sources of surface contaminants and various methods for their collection and characterization, as well as methods for cleanliness validation. Regulatory aspects of cleaning are also covered. The collection of topics in this book is unique and complements other volumes in this series. Edited by the leading experts in small-scale particle surface contamination, cleaning and cleaning control, these books will be an invaluable reference for researchers and engineers in R&D, manufacturing, quality control and procurement specification situated in a multitude of industries such as: aerospace, automotive, biomedical, defense, energy, manufacturing, microelectronics, optics and xerography. Provides a state-of-the-art survey and best-practice guidance for scientists and engineers engaged in surface cleaning or handling the consequences of surface contamination Addresses the continuing trends of shrinking device size and contamination vulnerability in a range of industries, spearheaded by the semiconductor industry and others Includes new regulatory aspects

Particles On Surfaces Detection Adhesion And Removal Volume 9

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Author : Kash L. Mittal
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2006-06-01

Particles On Surfaces Detection Adhesion And Removal Volume 9 written by Kash L. Mittal and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-06-01 with Science categories.

This volume chronicles the proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Particles on Surfaces: Detection, Adhesion and Removal held in Philadelphia, PA, June 2004. The study of particles on surfaces is crucially important in a legion of diverse technological areas, ranging from microelectronics to biomedical to space. This volume contains a to

Particles On Surfaces Detection Adhesion And Removal

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Author : Kash L. Mittal
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2006-05-29

Particles On Surfaces Detection Adhesion And Removal written by Kash L. Mittal and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-05-29 with Science categories.

This volume chronicles the proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Particles on Surfaces: Detection, Adhesion and Removal held in Philadelphia, PA, June 2004. The study of particles on surfaces is crucially important in a legion of diverse technological areas, ranging from microelectronics to biomedical to space. This volume contains a total of 21 papers covering many ramifications of particles on surfaces, ranging from detection to removal. All manuscripts were rigorously peer-reviewed and revised, and properly edited before inclusion in this book. The topics covered include: imaging and analysis of macro and nanosize particles and surface features; determination of particles on surfaces; laser inactivation on surfaces; laser-assisted nanofabrication on surfaces; post-CMP cleaning process; pre-gate cleaning; solar panel obscuration in the Martian atmosphere; adhesion and friction of microsized particles; microroughness of textile fibers and capture of particles; factors affecting particle adhesion and removal; various techniques for cleaning or removal of particles from different substrates including laser, combination of laser-induced shockwave and explosive vaporization of liquid, attenuated total internal reflection of laser light, CO2 snow, use of dense phase fluids, use of surfactants and impinging air jet; and removal of sub-100-nm particles.