Thinking About Reasons
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Thinking About Reasons
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Author : David Bakhurst
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2013-08-01
Thinking About Reasons written by David Bakhurst and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-01 with Philosophy categories.
Thinking about Reasons is a collection of fourteen new essays on topics in ethics and the philosophy of action, inspired in one way or another by the work of Jonathan Dancy—one of his generation's most influential moral philosophers. Many of the most influential living thinkers in the area are contributors to this collection, which also contains an autobiographical afterword by Dancy himself. Topics discussed in this volume include: · the idea that the facts that explain action are non-psychological ones · buck passing theories of goodness and rightness · the idea that some moral reasons justify action without requiring it · the particularist idea that there are no true informative moral principles · the idea that egoism and impartial consequentialism are self-defeating · the idea that moral reasons are dependent on either impersonal value, or benefits to oneself, or benefits to those with whom one has some special connection, but not on deontological constraints · the idea that we must distinguish between reasons and enablers, disablers, intensifiers, and attenuators of reasons · the idea that, although the lived ethical life is shaped by standing commitments, uncodifable judgement is at least sometimes needed to resolve what to do when these commitments conflict · the idea that the value of a whole need not be a mathematical function of the values of the parts of that whole · the idea that practical reasoning is based on inference the idea that there cannot be irreducibly normative properties.
Thinking About Causes
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Author : Peter Machamer
language : en
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Pre
Release Date : 2010-06-15
Thinking About Causes written by Peter Machamer and has been published by University of Pittsburgh Pre this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-06-15 with Philosophy categories.
Emerging as a hot topic in the mid-twentieth century, causality is one of the most frequently discussed issues in contemporary philosophy. Causality has been a central concept in philosophy as well as in the sciences, especially the natural sciences, dating back to its beginning in Greek thought. David Hume famously claimed that causality is the cement of the universe. In general terms, it links eventualities, predicts the consequences of action, and is the cognitive basis for the acquisition and the use of categories and concepts in the child. Indeed, how could one answer why-questions, around which early rational thought begins to revolve, without hitting on the relationships between reason and consequence, cause and effect, or without drawing these distinctions? But a comprehensive definition of causality has been notoriously hard to provide, and virtually every aspect of causation has been subject to much debate and analysis.Thinking About Causes brings together top philosophers from the United States and Europe to focus on causality as a major force in philosophical and scientific thought. Topics addressed include: ancient Stoicism and moral philosophy; the case of sacramental causality; traditional causal concepts in Descartes; Kant on transcendental laws; the influence of J. S. Mill's politics on his concept of causation; plurality in causality; causality in modern physics; causality in economics; and the concept of free will.Taken together, the essays in this collection from the Pittsburgh -Konstanz series provide the best current thinking about causality, especially as it relates to the philosophy of science.
Giving Reasons
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Author : David R. Morrow
language : en
Publisher: Hackett Publishing Company
Release Date : 2017
Giving Reasons written by David R. Morrow and has been published by Hackett Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Critical thinking categories.
Giving Reasons prepares students to think independently, evaluate information, and reason clearly across disciplines. Accessible to students and effective for instructors, it provides plain-English exercises, helpful appendices, and a variety of online supplements.
Are You Thinking Clearly
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Author : Matt Warren
language : en
Publisher: Hachette UK
Release Date : 2022-08-11
Are You Thinking Clearly written by Matt Warren and has been published by Hachette UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-11 with Psychology categories.
'An endlessly fascinating tour of the many different factors influencing our decision-making and reasoning' David Robson, author of The Expectation Effect 'An eye-opening and engaging richness of information that gives us a detailed insight into the strengths and weaknesses of human behaviour' Melissa Hogenboom, author of The Motherhood Complex Do emotions really cloud your thinking? Are habits holding you back? Is AI manipulating your mind? Does IQ help you think better? Every one of our thoughts, actions, moods and decisions is shaped by a whole array of factors, most of which we don't pay any attention to. From culture, time and language to genetics, technology and the microorganisms living inside us - even our own unconscious routines and habits - it's clear that we aren't always in the driving seat. The good news is that by better understanding the external and internal forces at work, we can minimise their impact on our lives. Drawing on rigorous interdisciplinary research, leading science journalists Miriam Frankel and Matt Warren bring us extraordinary stories and studies that open our eyes to the inner workings of the mind, challenge our thought processes and improve our decision-making. Most of all, Are You Thinking Clearly? is a rallying cry to know yourself, think broadly, think boldly - and to listen. 'Essential reading for anyone who wants to understand why their beliefs, mistakes, emotions and intuitions are the way they are' Richard Gray, BBC Future
Think Better
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Author : Ulrich L. Lehner
language : en
Publisher: Baker Academic
Release Date : 2021-11-16
Think Better written by Ulrich L. Lehner and has been published by Baker Academic this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-16 with Religion categories.
In a world dominated by half-truths, illogic, and intellectual laziness, Think Better helps readers understand what reason is and how to use it well. Reason is a powerful tool not only for finding our way in an increasingly complex world but also for growing intellectually and emotionally. This short, accessible volume unlocks the dynamics of human reason, helping readers to think critically and to use reason confidently to solve problems. It enables readers to think more clearly and precisely about the world, and it tackles a number of profound philosophical questions without getting bogged down with jargon. Topics include knowledge, identity, leadership, creativity, and empathy. Written in an accessible style that integrates philosophy, illustrations, personal anecdotes, and statistical data, this book is well suited for use in undergraduate, classical school, and home school contexts. It is an invaluable guide for anyone interested in gaining better reasoning skills and a more rational approach to life.
Seeing Reason
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Author : Keith Stenning
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2002
Seeing Reason written by Keith Stenning and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Philosophy categories.
This title includes the following features: A new volume in the renowned Oxford Cognitive Science Series; Presents important new findings on human reasoning and reasoning skills; Explores the relationship between cognitive and social aspects of communication and reasoning; Trulyinterdisciplinary - accessible to both psychologists and philosophers
How We Reason
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Author : Philip Nicholas Johnson-Laird
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2006
How We Reason written by Philip Nicholas Johnson-Laird and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Psychology categories.
Good reasoning can lead to success; bad reasoning can lead to catastrophe. Yet, it's not obvious how we reason, and why we make mistakes. This book looks at the mental processes that underlie our reasoning. It provides the most accessible account yet of the science of reasoning.
Good Reasons For Better Arguments
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Author : Jerome E. Bickenbach
language : en
Publisher: Broadview Press
Release Date : 1996-09-19
Good Reasons For Better Arguments written by Jerome E. Bickenbach and has been published by Broadview Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-09-19 with Philosophy categories.
This text introduces university students to the philosophical ethos of critical thinking, as well as to the essential skills required to practice it. The authors believe that Critical Thinking should engage students with issues of broader philosophical interest while they develop their skills in reasoning and argumentation. The text is informed throughout by philosophical theory concerning argument and communication—from Aristotle’s recognition of the importance of evaluating argument in terms of its purpose to Habermas’s developing of the concept of communicative rationality. The authors’ treatment of the topic is also sensitive to the importance of language and of situation in shaping arguments, and to the necessity in argument of some interplay between reason and emotion. Unlike many other texts in this area, then, Good Reasons for Better Arguments helps to explain both why argument is important and how the social role of argument plays an important part in determining what counts as a good argument. If this text is distinctive in the extent to which it deals with the theory and the values of critical thinking, it is also noteworthy for the thorough grounding it provides in the skills of deductive and inductive reasoning; the authors present the reader with useful tools for the interpretation, evaluation and construction of arguments. A particular feature is the inclusion of a wide range of exercises, rich with examples that illuminate the practice of argument for the student. Many of the exercises are self testing, with answers provided at the back of the text; others are appropriate for in-class discussion and assignments. Challenging yet accessible, Good Reasons for Better Arguments brings a fresh perspective to an essential subject.
Re Thinking Reason
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Author : Kerry S. Walters
language : en
Publisher: SUNY Press
Release Date : 1994-01-01
Re Thinking Reason written by Kerry S. Walters and has been published by SUNY Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-01-01 with Education categories.
Challenges the widespread assumption that good thinking is logical thinking and that college students should learn better after taking a course in critical thinking. The 14 contributors argue for, and provide, a richer model of thinking that acknowledges the importance of faculties traditionally downplayed or discouraged. Addressed to educators. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
The Edge Of Reason
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Author : Julian Baggini
language : en
Publisher: Yale University Press
Release Date : 2016-09-22
The Edge Of Reason written by Julian Baggini and has been published by Yale University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-22 with Philosophy categories.
An urgent defense of reason, the essential method for resolving—or even discussing—divisive issues: “A timely masterpiece.”—Patricia S. Churchland, author of Touching a Nerve Reason, long held as the highest human achievement, is under siege. According to Aristotle, the capacity for reason sets us apart from other animals, yet today it has ceased to be a universally admired faculty. Rationality and reason have become political, disputed concepts, subject to easy dismissal. Julian Baggini argues eloquently that we must recover our reason and reassess its proper place, neither too highly exalted nor completely maligned. Rationality does not require a cold, sterile worldview—it simply involves the application of critical thinking wherever thinking is needed. Addressing such major areas of debate as religion, science, politics, psychology, and economics, the author calls for commitment to the notion of a “community of reason,” where disagreements are settled by debate and discussion, not brute force or political power. Baggini’s insightful book celebrates the power of reason, our best hope—indeed our only hope—for dealing with the intractable quagmires of our time. “The toxic gloating of ‘gut feelings,’ hateful politics and heart-over-head attacks on good sense urgently need an antidote. Baggini has risen to the occasion…compelling.”—Patricia S. Churchland, author of Conscience: The Origins of Moral Intuition