Three Decades To A Space Shuttle

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Three Decades To A Space Shuttle

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Author : D. M. Wylie
language : en
Publisher: Trafford Publishing
Release Date : 2004

Three Decades To A Space Shuttle written by D. M. Wylie and has been published by Trafford Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Three Decades to a Space Shuttle is the story of the evolution of space flight beginning with "G" force experiments in 1947 at Edwards Air Force Base. Visionary concepts followed in 1951 and an evolutionary progression to space flight eventually led to the first shuttle flight in 1981, three decades later. The expertise of the American engineering and scientific community is examined which chronologically forged new technology. Columbia's first flight in 1981 was the culmination of a series of evolutionary steps, one at a time, over thirty years. The justifications of major budget allocations are shown and the resulting benefits to world populations are discussed. The space program and Government financing of private industry led to economical stability and brought our technical and scientific capability to a level not thought possible thirty years ago. Joint cooperation between American industry and government combined with foreign competition has enhanced world business and trade. A study of the past shows us what our possibilities can be in the future and what new frontiers we may experience.

The Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster

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Author : Charles River Charles River Editors
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017-01-26

The Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster written by Charles River Charles River Editors and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-26 with categories.

*Includes pictures *Profiles the origins of the mission and what went wrong *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading *Includes a table of contents In the decades after the Apollo program, American space shuttles flew over 130 missions and successfully completed over 98% of them, but unfortunately, the two most famous missions were the ones that ended tragically aboard the Challenger and Columbia. The Space Shuttle Challenger was the most heavily used space shuttle in the three years it was operational, carrying the first minority astronaut and woman astronaut into space. Challenger was also the first space shuttle to complete a landing at night. On the morning of January 28, 1986, the Space Shuttle Challenger launched for the 10th time, beginning mission STS-51-L. Space shuttles had already successfully completed 24 missions, and no American spacecraft had ever failed to reach orbit during an official mission. On this mission, the Challenger was carrying a satellite for the Tracking and Data Relay Satellites system, which was to be deployed in orbit. The crew included Ronald McNair, who had already been the second African-American in space, and Ellison Onizuka, who had already been the first Asian-American astronaut in space. But the highlight of the mission was to be the "NASA Teacher in Space Project," in which a civilian teacher would give teaching lessons to his or her class while onboard the space shuttle. The winner of the competition was Christa McAuliffe, a high school teacher in Concord, New Hampshire, who wrote a winning essay and had to undergo a year of astronaut training before that fateful day. It was a beautiful morning, and many spectators came to the Kennedy Space Center to watch the launch, including McAuliffe's parents and her students. Several news networks were carrying live broadcasts of the launch, including live shots of McAuliffe's parents as they watched the Challenger liftoff. Mission Control's transmissions to the Challenger were being blared over loudspeakers to give spectators a play-by-play of the shuttle's ascent. Ascent seemed to be going normally during the first minute, but about 75 seconds into the ascent, a plastic O-ring used to seal a joint in one of the solid rocket boosters failed, causing a breach of hot gas. That gas spread to the other rocket booster and the external fuel tank, causing an explosion. When the spectators saw the explosion, many of them started cheering, unaware of what was really happening. But Mission Control quickly announced that there had been some sort of problem, and the crowd became confused and then panicky as the space shuttle, fuel tank and rocket boosters all broke apart and flew in opposite directions. Some cameras fixed on the falling debris as it fell to the ocean, while others stayed focused on McAuliffe's parents. The entire crew was killed in the explosion, and investigations concluded that they may have survived until crashing into the ocean. After the Challenger disaster, the space shuttles were grounded for about two years, and a commission issued findings that would be used in an effort to prevent similar tragedies. The Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster: The History and Legacy of NASA's Most Notorious Tragedy chronicles the disaster from the origins of its mission to what went so terribly wrong. Along with pictures of important people, places, and events, you will learn about the Challenger like never before.

Apollo 1 And The Space Shuttle Challenger

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Author : Charles River Editors
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2017-02-08

Apollo 1 And The Space Shuttle Challenger written by Charles River Editors and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-08 with categories.

*Includes pictures *Includes accounts of the disasters and government reports about them *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading The Apollo space program is the most famous and celebrated in American history, but the first successful landing of men on the Moon during Apollo 11 had complicated roots dating back over a decade, and it also involved one of NASA's most infamous tragedies. Landing on the Moon presented an ideal goal all on its own, but the government's urgency in designing the Apollo program was actually brought about by the Soviet Union, which spent much of the 1950s leaving the United States in its dust (and rocket fuel). In 1957, at a time when people were concerned about communism and nuclear war, many Americans were dismayed by news that the Soviet Union was successfully launching satellites into orbit. On May 25, 1961, President John F. Kennedy addressed Congress and asked the nation to "commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth." Given America's inability to even put a man in orbit yet, this seemed like an overly ambitious goal, and it isn't even clear that Kennedy himself believed it possible; after all, he was reluctant to meet NASA Administrator James E. Webb's initial funding requests. As Apollo 11's name suggests, there were actually a number of Apollo missions that came before, many of which included testing the rockets and different orbital and lunar modules in orbit. In fact, it wasn't until Apollo 8 that a manned vehicle was sent towards the Moon and back, and before that mission, the most famous Apollo mission was Apollo 1, albeit for all the wrong reasons. There were no delusions regarding the dangers of manned space travel, but they were brought home on January 27, 1967, when all three astronauts were killed by a fire that ignited in the cabin during a launch rehearsal. To this day, there is still debate over what ignited the fire, but the disaster made clear that the modules being used by NASA had a series of fatal flaws. In the decades after the Apollo program, American space shuttles flew over 130 missions and successfully completed over 98% of them, but unfortunately, the two most famous missions were the ones that ended tragically aboard the Challenger and Columbia. The Space Shuttle Challenger was the most heavily used space shuttle in the three years it was operational, carrying the first minority astronaut and woman astronaut into space. Challenger was also the first space shuttle to complete a landing at night. On the morning of January 28, 1986, the Space Shuttle Challenger launched for the 10th time, beginning mission STS-51-L. Space shuttles had already successfully completed 24 missions, and no American spacecraft had ever failed to reach orbit during an official mission. Ascent seemed to be going normally during the first minute, but about 75 seconds into the ascent, a plastic O-ring used to seal a joint in one of the solid rocket boosters failed, causing a breach of hot gas. That gas spread to the other rocket booster and the external fuel tank, causing an explosion. When the spectators saw the explosion, many of them started cheering, unaware of what was really happening. But Mission Control quickly announced that there had been some sort of problem, and the crowd became confused and then panicky as the space shuttle, fuel tank and rocket boosters all broke apart and flew in opposite directions. Some cameras fixed on the falling debris as it fell to the ocean. The entire crew was killed in the explosion, and investigations concluded that they may have survived until crashing into the ocean. After the Challenger disaster, the space shuttles were grounded for about two years, and a commission issued findings that would be used in an effort to prevent similar tragedies.

Wings In Orbit

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Author : National Aeronautics Administration
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2012-11-15

Wings In Orbit written by National Aeronautics Administration and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-15 with categories.

This publication "Authoritatively documents the many accomplishments of NASA's Space Shuttle Program from its origins to the present. Beginning with a Foreword by astronauts John Young and Robert Crippen, this compelling book provides clear, accurate, and authentic accounts from NASA's best subject matter experts, including aerospace engineers who worked with the shuttle program, and leading experts from the science and academic communities. The book captures the passion of those who devoted their energies to the program's success for more than three decades. It focuses on their science and engineering accomplishments, the rich history of the program, and the shuttle as an icon in U.S. history. Its comprehensive overview of the shuttle and its accomplishments, combined with its lucid prose, makes Wings in Orbit a unique resource for anyone interested in the history and achievements of American space exploration." The first great age of space exploration culminated with the historic lunar landing in July 1969. Following that achievement, the space policymakers looked back to the history of aviation as a model for the future of space travel. The Space Shuttle was conceived as a way to exploit the resources of the new frontier. Using an aviation analogy, the shuttle would be the Douglas DC-3 of space. That aircraft is generally considered to be the first commercially successful air transport. The shuttle was to be the first commercially successful space transport. This impossible leap was not realized, an unrealistic goal that appears patently obvious in retrospect, yet it haunts the history of the shuttle to this day. Much of the criticism of the shuttle originates from this overhyped initial concept. In fact, the perceived relationship between the history of aviation and the promise of space travel continues to motivate space policymakers. In some ways, the analogy that compares space with aviation can be very illustrative. If the first crewed spacecraft of 1961 are accurately the analog of the Wright brothers' first aircraft, the Apollo spacecraft of 1968 should properly be compared with the Wright brothers' 1909 "Model B"-their first commercial sale. The "B" was the product of 6 years of tinkering, experimentation, and adjustments, but were only two major iterations of aircraft design. In much the same way, Apollo was the technological inheritor of two iterations of spacecraft design in 7 years. The Space Shuttle of 1981-coming 20 years after the first spaceflights-could be compared with the aircraft of the mid-1920s. In fact, there is a good analogy in the history of aviation: the Ford Tri-Motor of 1928. But here the aviation analogy breaks down. In aviation history, advances are made not just because of the passage of calendar time but because there are hundreds of different aircraft designs with thousands of incremental technology advances tested in flight between the "B" and the Tri-Motor. Even so, the aviation equivalent compression of decades of technological advance does not do justice to the huge technological leap from expendable rockets and capsules to a reusable, winged, hypersonic, cargo-carrying spacecraft. This was accomplished with no intermediate steps. Viewed from that perspective, the Space Shuttle is truly a wonder. No doubt the shuttle is but one step of many on the road to the stars, but it was a giant leap indeed. That is what this book is about: not what might have been or what was impossibly promised, but what was actually achieved and what was actually delivered. Viewed against this background, the Space Shuttle was a tremendous engineering achievement-a vehicle that enabled nearly routine and regular access to space for hundreds of people, and a profoundly vital link in scientific advancement. The vision of this book is to take a clear-eyed look at what the shuttle accomplished and the shuttle's legacy to the world. This book will serve as an excellent reference for building future space vehicles.

Space Shuttle

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Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2018-08-20

Space Shuttle written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-20 with categories.

NASA celebrated its 30th anniversary in 1988, two days after the Space Shuttle soared into space once more. When Congress approved the creation of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration in 1958, the United States had successfully launched only four small satellites and no American astronaut had yet flown in space. In the three decades since, four generations of manned spacecraft have been built and flown, twelve men have walked on the Moon, more than 100 Americans have flown and worked in space, and communications satellites and other Space-Age technologies have transformed life on planet Earth. When NASA's Golden Anniversary is celebrated in 2008, it is likely that men and women will be permanently living and working in space. There may be a base on the Moon, and a manned mission to Mars may only be years away. If a brief history of the first half-century of the Space Age is written for that event, it will show clearly how the exploration of space has altered the course of human history and allowed us to take a better hold of our destiny on and off planet Earth. McAleer, Neil Unspecified Center ...

Linking The Space Shuttle And Space Stations

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Author : David J. Shayler
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-06-27

Linking The Space Shuttle And Space Stations written by David J. Shayler and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-27 with Technology & Engineering categories.

How could the newly authorized space shuttle help in the U.S. quest to build a large research station in Earth orbit? As a means of transporting goods, the shuttle could help supply the parts to the station. But how would the two entitles be physically linked? Docking technologies had to constantly evolve as the designs of the early space stations changed. It was hoped the shuttle would make missions to the Russian Salyut and American Skylab stations, but thesewere postponed until the Mir station became available, while plans for getting a new U. S. space station underway were stalled. In Linking the Space Shuttle and Space Stations, the author delves into the rich history of the Space Shuttle and its connection to these early space stations, culminating in the nine missions to dock the shuttle toMir. By 1998, after nearly three decades of planning and operations, shuttle missions to Mir had resulted in: • A proven system to link up the space shuttle to a space station• Equipment and hands-on experience in handling tons of materials• An infrastructure to support space station assembly and resupply Each of these played a pivotal role in developing the skills and procedures crucial to the creation of the later, much larger and far more complex International Space Station, as described in the companionvolume Assembling and Supplying the ISS: The Space Shuttle Fulfills Its Mission.

Journey Into Space

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Author : Bruce C. Murray
language : en
Publisher: W. W. Norton
Release Date : 1989

Journey Into Space written by Bruce C. Murray and has been published by W. W. Norton this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Science categories.

A history of American space programs that is critical of NASA and the deployment of space shuttles.

The Space Shuttle An Experimental Flying Machine

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Author : Ben Evans
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-05-10

The Space Shuttle An Experimental Flying Machine written by Ben Evans and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book explains how the achievements of the Space Shuttle, the world’s first reusable manned spacecraft, were built on the foundation of countless technical challenges. Through thick and thin, the Space Shuttle remained the centerpiece of the American human spaceflight program for three decades. In addition to deploying satellites, planetary probes and, of course, the Hubble Space Telescope, it delivered astronauts to the Mir space station and assembled and sustained the International Space Station. Yet the path to these incredible achievements was never an easy one, with some obstacles resulting in the loss of life and other major consequences that plagued the fleet throughout its operational career. The book adopts a challenge-by-challenge approach, focusing on specific difficulties and how (if at all) they were fully overcome. Going beyond the technical issues, it relates the human stories of each incident and how changes were effected in order to make the shuttle an exceptionally safer – though still experimental – flying machine.

Celebrating 30 Years Of The Space Shuttle

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Government Printing Office
Release Date :

Celebrating 30 Years Of The Space Shuttle written by and has been published by Government Printing Office this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Manned space flight categories.

NOTE: NO FURTHER DISCOUNT FOR THIS PRINT PRODUCT-- OVERSTOCK SALE -Significantly reduced list price The Space Shuttle fleet set high marks of achievement and endurance through 30 years of missions, from its first on April 12, 1981, to its last, on July 21, 2011. Beginning with the orbiter Columbia and continuing with Challenger, Discovery, Atlantis, and Endeavour, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Space Shuttle has carried people into orbit; launched, recovered, and repaired satellites; conducted cutting-edge research; and helped build the largest human made structure in space, the International Space Station. Replete with images and facts of each mission and crew, this book is a tribute to everything accomplished during the 30 years of operation of the Space Shuttle program that defined NASA for an entire generation. Other related products: NASA Historical Data Book, V. 7: NASA Launch Systems, Space Transportation/Human Spaceflight, and Space Science can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/033-000-01309-4 Revolutionary Atmosphere: The Story of the Altitude Wind Tunnel and the Space Power Chambers can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/033-000-01342-6 Leadership in Space: Selected Speeches of NASA Administrator Michael Griffin, May 2005-October 2008 can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/033-000-01314-1 Our Changing Atmosphere: Discoveries From EOS Aura (Booklet) can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/033-000-01345-1 Dressing for Altitude: U.S. Aviation Pressure Suits, Wiley Post to Space Shuttle --ePub format-- can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/999-000-44444-5 Wings in Orbit: Scientific and Engineering Legacies of the Space Shuttle 1971-2010 --Hardcover format can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/033-000-01347-7 --MOBI format can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/033-300-00008-5 --ePub format can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/033-300-00007-7 and here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/999-000-44444-2 Other products produced by NASA can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/agency/550

The Spoken Word Iii

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Author : National Aeronautics Administration
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2014-09-06

The Spoken Word Iii written by National Aeronautics Administration and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-06 with categories.

This is the third in a series of oral histories about NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center. This volume focuses on the space shuttle program and thus spans nearly three decades. Since the creation of the center's history office in 1996, coincident with the 50th anniversary of the center itself, the office has collected oral histories from the center's workforce. The benefit is more than a publication such as this: it's the compilation of corporate memory, which is invaluable. Volume three ostensibly covers the shuttle years-a period starting with the Approach and Landing Tests in 1977-but in fact the story begins earlier than that, with the first lifting bodies and the X-15s, both critical antecedents to the space shuttle. Because the shuttles were prepared for flight at, and launched from, the Kennedy Space Center, and the astronaut office is at the Johnson Space Center, it is easy to forget that other NASA centers were involved in the shuttle program, but they were. In fact, Dryden and the Air Force had been flying piloted rocket planes into the stratosphere from an enormous dry lakebed in the California High Desert before NASA existed as an agency. Eight of the twelve X-15 pilots earned astronaut wings in the 1960s flying from that same location, piloting the world's first reusable space plane in the process. Both Dryden and the Air Force were integral to the shuttle program from the beginning.