Three Essays On Income Growth Poverty And Inequality
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Three Essays On Income Growth Poverty And Inequality
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Author : Hosnieh Mahoozi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Three Essays On Income Growth Poverty And Inequality written by Hosnieh Mahoozi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Essays On Growth Poverty And Human Capital Inequality
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Author : Nor Yasmin Mhd Bani
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Essays On Growth Poverty And Human Capital Inequality written by Nor Yasmin Mhd Bani and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
This thesis is a collection of three empirical essays on growth, poverty and human capital inequality in a global panel. The objective of the first essay entitled: "Volatility and Growth: The Role of Education" is to examine whether the significance of volatility-growth relationship varies according to the average years of education. Unlike the focus of the previous literature on establishing the link between volatility and growth, we attempt to establish the channel through which volatility affects growth. The main contribution of our work is that while the level of volatility negatively affects growth, the effect is mediated via education. This is true even for countries with low as well as moderately high levels of volatility. The result of the interaction term, which is the key interest in this chapter, is robust to changes in definitions of variables and specification. This finding is consistent with Canton's (2000) theoretical work. The second essay, "Does Education Reduce Poverty in Developing Countries?" investigates the direct effects of education on poverty in developing countries using dynamic panel estimation techniques. The results suggest that higher education, developed financial system along with growth lead to significant poverty reduction. On the other hand, unequal income distribution is associated with increases in poverty. The results are robust to alternative model specification and estimation techniques. The policy implication is that poverty reduction is more effective if we focus on developing the education system instead of relying on growth and other channels, for example foreign aid or health. The third essay deviates from the usual study of inequality and globalization. It analyzes the relationship between seven measures of globalization and education inequality using a panel of 112 countries covering the period 1970-2009. We use the KOF index of Globalization and its three different dimensions (economic, social, and political) as our main proxy for globalization. In addition, we also employ openness, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and freedom to trade internationally (EF Index) in our study. We find that globalization has a robust negative effect on human capital inequality, even when we control for other factors. Results suggest that education inequality increases with globalization in middle and high-income countries but the effect is the opposite in low-income countries. This is the key contribution of our study where we find a variation of impact within the developing countries in contrast to the standard Hecksher-Ohlin Trade Theory. The result also holds when we restricted the sample to specific countries and add several other covariates. In contrast, the alternative measures of globalization have no such robust effects.
Poverty Inequality And Development
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Author : Alain de Janvry
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-06-09
Poverty Inequality And Development written by Alain de Janvry and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-06-09 with Business & Economics categories.
This collection of essays honors a remarkable man and his work. Erik Thorbecke has made significant contributions to the microeconomic and the macroeconomic analysis of poverty, inequality and development, ranging from theory to empirics and policy. The essays in this volume display the same range. As a collection they make the fundamental point that deep understanding of these phenomena requires both the micro and the macro perspectives together, utilizing the strengths of each but also the special insights that come when the two are linked together. After an overview section which contains the introductory chapter and a chapter examining the historical roots of Erik Thorbecke's motivations, the essays in this volume are grouped into four parts, each part identifying a major strand of Erik's work—Measurement of Poverty and Inequality, Micro Behavior and Market Failure, SAMs and CGEs, and Institutions and Development. The range of topics covered in the essays, written by leading authorities in their own areas, highlight the extraordinary depth and breadth of Erik Thorbecke's influence in research and policy on poverty, inequality and development. Acknowledgements These papers were presented at a conference in honor of Erik Thorbecke held at Cornell University on October 10-11, 2003. The conference was supported by the funds of the H. E. Babcock Chair in Food, Nutrition and Public Policy, and the T. H. Lee Chair in World Affairs at Cornell University.
Growth Poverty And Inequality Dynamics
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Author : Julian Weisbrod
language : en
Publisher: Peter Lang Pub Incorporated
Release Date : 2008
Growth Poverty And Inequality Dynamics written by Julian Weisbrod and has been published by Peter Lang Pub Incorporated this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Business & Economics categories.
Since the Second World War the world has seen an economic growth spurt unprecedented in history. Economic growth is a necessary but not sufficient condition for improving human development, or in other words, economic growth is an important pre-requisite for the ultimate goal of human well-being. The four empirical essays of this book add to the general debate concerning dynamics of growth, poverty and inequality over the past 40 years from four different dimensions. The first chapter analyses the dynamics of the cross-country per capita income distribution and the existence of convergence clubs. The second chapter focuses on the dynamic development of the global income distribution and resulting implications for global income convergence, poverty reduction, pro-poor growth and the evolution of global inequality within and between countries. The third chapter investigates the deterministic relationship between ethnic fractionalisation and growth in a macro cross-country regression framework. Finally, the fourth chapter adds to the understanding of micro determinants of growth and poverty in the context of Indonesia.
Three Essays On Income Inequality
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Author : Gulgun Bayaz Ozturk
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Three Essays On Income Inequality written by Gulgun Bayaz Ozturk and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Three Essays On Inclusive Growth
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Author : Djeneba Doumbia
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Three Essays On Inclusive Growth written by Djeneba Doumbia and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
This dissertation provides some evidence-based policy lessons focusing on the role of institutional, structural, and fiscal policies in achieving pro-poor and inclusive growth. The first chapter gives an overview of the dissertation and briefly discusses the main data issues and some stylized facts on inequality and poverty. The second chapter examines the role of good governance in fostering pro-poor and inclusive growth at the macroeconomic level. It shows that while all features of good governance enhance pro-poor growth, only government effectiveness and the rule of law tend to promote inclusive growth. The third chapter provides a cross-country analysis investigating how governments can reduce income inequality by changing the composition of public spending while keeping the total level fixed. The results show that reallocating defense spending towards education, and health spending and in particular social and infrastructure spending, is associated with reduced income inequality in countries with political stability. The fourth chapter provides a microeconomic perspective, focusing on how better performance of informal firms could promote shared prosperity in a context of fragility. It shows that firms' performance is a key factor in explaining income differences between entrepreneurs. In addition, the chapter finds that human capital and managerial skills are important engines of informal firms' performance.
Three Essays On Wealth And Income Inequality
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Author : Aaron Cooke
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Three Essays On Wealth And Income Inequality written by Aaron Cooke and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Electronic dissertations categories.
In two linked papers I show the importance of fertility to the wealth distribution and how fertility interacts with intergenerational transfer taxation. In a third paper I empirically explore the impact of recession on occupational sorting, using public school teachers as a relatively acyclical comparison occupation.
Three Essays On Economic Growth And Income Distribution
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Author : Lisa Beth Tilis
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Three Essays On Economic Growth And Income Distribution written by Lisa Beth Tilis and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Economic development categories.
Three Essays On Income And Wealth Inequality
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Author : Damir Cosic
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Three Essays On Income And Wealth Inequality written by Damir Cosic and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Three Essays On Growth And Development With Financial Market
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Author : Inka Brahmantyo Yusgiantoro
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Three Essays On Growth And Development With Financial Market written by Inka Brahmantyo Yusgiantoro and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
The objective of this dissertation is to understand the role of financial market in economic development, particularly its economy-wide impact on income inequality, poverty, and employment. To accomplish this task, a dynamic computable general equilibrium (FCGE) model with linkage to the financial market is constructed, which conforms to the specific developing economy analyzed in this dissertation. In the first chapter, I construct the model to evaluate the distribution and poverty impact of saving and investment imbalances. I apply the model framework to a financial social accounting matrix data from Indonesia, an open market economy that has experienced persistent trend of excessive domestic savings since the 1997 East Asia financial crisis. The model is calibrated for 2006-10 such that the equilibrium solutions reproduce benchmark data on key macroeconomic indicators. Counterfactual scenarios are simulated to derive conclusions about the implication of excess saving on macroeconomic performances and welfare. The results indicate that when banks increase their portfolio share of risk-free financial assets, credit channeled to private sector's investment is reduced, which leads to higher income inequality, slower pace of poverty reduction, and higher rate of unemployment. I conclude that an expansionary monetary policy offers an effective way to respond an excess saving trend in order to achieve sustainable and equitable growth. The second chapter examines rebalancing strategies for sustainable and inclusive growth in Indonesia. It has been revealed in the previous chapter that excess saving trend in the aftermath of the 1997 financial crisis has ripple effects on income distribution, poverty reduction, and employment creation. Therefore, policy options that emphasize the quality and growth of both private and public investment should be of utmost importance to improve saving and investment imbalances in the economy. Further rebalancing efforts should also include promoting more public spending in rural areas, enhancing good governance on public outlays, increasing economic efficiency and productivity, sharpening comparative advantage, and expanding intra-regional trade. Finally, counterfactual scenarios are experimented with the use of dynamic FCGE model to highlight the significance of developing Indonesia's capital goods industries in order to reduce reliance on imports and increase employment in productive sectors. In the third chapter, an extended version of the dynamic FCGE model is employed to examine asset price bubble and evaluate its policy implication. Using general equilibrium as a basis for analysis, I generate an endogenous stock price bubble in the model economy through balance sheet adjustments. If corporate sector were to limit its leverage activities, excessive asset growth could be avoided and stability of the macroeconomic performances would be maintained. However, such case does not typically apply to low interest rate condition and strong business cycle trend, so I investigate policy simulations for fiscal restriction, monetary contraction, and policy mix to mitigate the impact of potential repercussions that stock price bubble can generate in the economy. The results indicate that standalone monetary policy is the most favorable option to implement corrective measures in preserving the natural growth of output, consumption and investment while minimizing the deteriorating welfare impact of policy enactment.