Three Essays On The Macroeconomics Of The Labor Market
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Three Essays On The Macroeconomics Of The Labor Market
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Author : Ioannis Kospentaris
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Three Essays On The Macroeconomics Of The Labor Market written by Ioannis Kospentaris and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
In this dissertation, I build macroeconomic models to answer questions of empirical relevance for the study of labor markets. The dissertation consists of an introductory overview and three research essays. The first essay is devoted to duration dependence in unemployment, namely the fact that recently unemployed workers have a signicantly better chance of finding a job than the long-term unemployed. I build a directed search model to quantify the importance of three common explanations for this fact: (i) unobserved worker differences, (ii) skill loss, and (iii) job-search effort decline. Two novel results emerge: first, the bulk of the effect of unobserved heterogeneity is concentrated in the first six months of the unemployment spell; the drop in job-finding rates observed at longer spells is mostly a result of skill loss and lower search effort. Second, skill loss has a vastly greater impact on job-finding than the decline in search effort. These results have two clear implications for labor market policy: (i) the impact of active labor market programs is expected to be larger for the long-term unemployed; (ii) job-training programs are expected to be more effective than job-search assistance policies at reducing long-term unemployment. In the second essay I study how information obtained by a worker while trying to find a job affects her job-search effort. Specically, I analyze how a worker, who is uncertain about her labor market traits and learns about them while looking for a job, allocates her search effort over the unemployment spell. The main result is that search effort is increasing over time when the worker is optimistic about her traits but decreasing when the worker is pessimistic about her traits. This result can explain discrepant empirical findings from previous literature on search effort. The final essay is devoted to job-search effort as an insurance channel. I build a model in which workers face substantial risk in the labor market but they have two means of self-insurance against this risk: increase their savings and their search effort. The main result is that when labor market risk becomes more severe workers increase both their savings and search effort but the increase in savings is twice as large as the increase in search effort. That is, workers make use of search effort as an insurance channel but much less than the savings channel.
Three Essays In Macroeconomics Of The Labor Market
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Author : Edouard Schaal
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Three Essays In Macroeconomics Of The Labor Market written by Edouard Schaal and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Three Essays In The Macroeconomics Of Labor Market Dynamics
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Author : Christophre Georges
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Three Essays In The Macroeconomics Of Labor Market Dynamics written by Christophre Georges and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with categories.
Three Essays On The Macroeconomics Of Labor Markets To 25 Pages 26 To 50 Pages 51 To 75 Pages 76 To 100 Pages 101 To 125 Pages 126 To 150 Pages 151 To 151
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Author : Fernando Barbosa Filho
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Three Essays On The Macroeconomics Of Labor Markets To 25 Pages 26 To 50 Pages 51 To 75 Pages 76 To 100 Pages 101 To 125 Pages 126 To 150 Pages 151 To 151 written by Fernando Barbosa Filho and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
Three Essays On The Macroeconomics Of Labor Markets
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Author : Fernando Barbosa Filho
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Three Essays On The Macroeconomics Of Labor Markets written by Fernando Barbosa Filho and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Labor laws and legislation categories.
Three Essays On International Macroeconomics With Labor Market Frictions
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Author : C. Kim
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Three Essays On International Macroeconomics With Labor Market Frictions written by C. Kim and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Essays On Macroeconomics And Labor Markets
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Author : Miren Azkarate-Askasua
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Essays On Macroeconomics And Labor Markets written by Miren Azkarate-Askasua and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
This thesis contains three essays on the macroeconomic effects of labor markets with a special emphasis on market power and the determination of wages. In the first chapter, Miguel Zerecero and I study the efficiency and welfare effects of employer and union labor market power. We use data of French manufacturing firms to first document a negative relationship between employment concentration and wages and labor shares. At the micro-level, we identify the effects of employment concentration thanks to mass layoff shocks to competitors. Second, we develop a bargaining model in general equilibrium that incorporates employer and union labor market power. The model features structural labor wedges that are heterogeneous across firms and potentially generate misallocation of resources. We propose an estimation strategy that separately identifies the structural parameters determining both sources of labor market power. Furthermore, we allow different parameters across industries which contributes to the heterogeneity of the wedges. We show that observing wage and employment data is enough to compute counterfactuals relative to the baseline. Third, we evaluate the efficiency and welfare losses from labor market distortions. Eliminating employer and union labor market power increases output by 1.6% and the labor share by 21 percentage points translating into significant welfare gains for workers. Workers' geographic mobility is key to realize the output gains from competition. In the second chapter, Miguel Zerecero and I propose a bias correction method for estimations of quadratic forms in the parameters of linear models. It is known that those quadratic forms exhibit small-sample bias that appears when one wants to perform a variance decomposition such as decomposing the sources of wage inequality. When the number of covariates is large, the direct computation for a bias correction is not feasible and we propose a bootstrap method to estimate the correction. Our method accommodates different assumptions on the structure of the error term including general heteroscedasticity and serial correlation. Our approach has the benefit of correcting the bias of multiple quadratic forms of the same linear model without increasing the computational cost and being very flexible. We show with Monte Carlo simulations that our bootstrap procedure is effective in correcting the bias and we compare it to other methods in the literature. Using administrative data for France, we apply our method by doing a variance decomposition of a linear model of log wages with person and firm fixed effects. We find that the person and firm effects are less important in explaining the variance of log wages after correcting for the bias. In the third chapter, I study peer effects at the workplace. I focus on how potential peers determine a worker's location and her future wage profile. I empirically disentangle if workplace peers affect each other through learning or network effects. Similarly to the literature, I document the importance of learning which is more pronounced for the youngest cohorts arguably with no networks. I propose a structural model to understand the mechanism behind learning. The final goal of the model is to quantify the impact of peer learning the firm geographical allocation of workers, and on the rising between firm wage inequality.
Three Essays On The Labour Market Macroeconomics
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Author : Pedro Trivín
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Three Essays On The Labour Market Macroeconomics written by Pedro Trivín and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Three Essays In Macroeconomics
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Author : Zhiming Fu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Three Essays In Macroeconomics written by Zhiming Fu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Business cycles categories.
This dissertation studies three main topics in macroeconomics: the impact of labor market frictions on labor supply and income inequality, the impact of goods market frictions on individuals' optimization decisions, and the housing market in the business cycle.
Three Essays On The Macroeconomic Implications Of Population Aging And The Labor Market Effects Of Payroll Taxation
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Author : Malick Souare
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Three Essays On The Macroeconomic Implications Of Population Aging And The Labor Market Effects Of Payroll Taxation written by Malick Souare and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Aging categories.
The third essay uses data on the Canadian economy to investigate the empirical evidence of the incidence and unemployment effects of the employer and employee payroll taxes. Finally, it appears that we should be reluctant to place too much weight on the time span over which payroll taxes may affect unemployment in the (most widely performed) deterministic simulations. In fact, the stochastic simulation results illustrate that this time span may be much shorter. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).