Three Step Fluorimetric Sensing Technique For The Detection Of Trace Nitroaromatic Nitramine And Nitrate Ester Explosive Residues
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Three Step Fluorimetric Sensing Technique For The Detection Of Trace Nitroaromatic Nitramine And Nitrate Ester Explosive Residues
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Author : Jennifer Marie Sievering
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Three Step Fluorimetric Sensing Technique For The Detection Of Trace Nitroaromatic Nitramine And Nitrate Ester Explosive Residues written by Jennifer Marie Sievering and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Forensic sciences categories.
Synthesis And Phtoluminescence Sic Study Of Microporous Metal Organic Frameworks Mmofs For Sensing And Detection Of Nitroexplosives And Aromatic Compounds
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Author : Sanhita Pramanik
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Synthesis And Phtoluminescence Sic Study Of Microporous Metal Organic Frameworks Mmofs For Sensing And Detection Of Nitroexplosives And Aromatic Compounds written by Sanhita Pramanik and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Chemical detectors categories.
Due to the increased terrorist activity worldwide and the use of modern bombs in those attacks, the development of a new method capable of rapidly and cost-efficiently detecting trace vapor of explosives is highly desirable. Chemical explosives composed of a diverse group of compounds, including nitroaromatics, nitramines, nitrate esters as well as some inorganic/organic nitrates and peroxides. Current methodologies include use of well trained dogs and sophisticated instrumentation such as gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer, nuclear quadruple resonance, ionization mass spectrometry (IMS). These methods are highly sensitive and selective, but often expensive, not always easily accessible, and require intense training for operation. As a complementary method, chemical sensors can provide new ways to the rapid detection of ultra trace explosives, and can be easily incorporated into inexpensive and portable microelectronic devices. Fluorescence based sensors utilizing conjugated polymers have attracted enormous attention in the recent years for their excellent performance. In this thesis, a systematic study was performed in a series of luminescent MMOFs and their behavior upon exposure to the vapor of different analytes. For example, [Zn2(oba)2(bpy)]'DMA, one of the MMOFs made of paddle-wheel SBU, selectively responds to nitroaromatics (with electron-withdrawing groups) and other aromatic compounds, like benzene, toluene (with electron-donating groups) via fluorescent quenching and enhancement respectively. The study also shows that nitro-containing non-aromatic analytes (nitroaliphatics) make negligible effect on the fluorescence of [Zn2(oba)2(bpy)]'DMA . The results demonstrate the exceptional ability of this particular MMOF to selectively detect explosives of different types (e.g. aromatic DNT vs. non-aromatic or aliphatic DMNB). Another series of highly luminescent MMOFs made of the same metal center (Zn) and similar ligands (bpdc, bpy, 2,2'dmbpy and bpe) but different structures have also been investigated. Photoluminescence studies show that the guest-free samples of these compounds also exhibit quenching or enhancement phenomena, when exposed to the vapors of two different types of analyte molecules having electron rich and electron deficient functional groups. The origin of such effect can be well understood and explained based on molecular orbital and band structure calculations, as well as the comparison of their redox potentials. In addition, synthesis and characterization of some new MMOFs, composed of V-shaped dicarboxylic acid and selected diamine ligands are briefly discussed. Clearly, ligands play an important role in the crystal structure formation as well as pore characteristics of the resultant MMOFs.
Detection Of Nitroaromatic Explosives Using An Electrical Electrochemical And Optical Hybrid Sensor
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Author : Alvaro Diaz Aguilar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Detection Of Nitroaromatic Explosives Using An Electrical Electrochemical And Optical Hybrid Sensor written by Alvaro Diaz Aguilar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Chemical detectors categories.
In today's world there is a great need for sensing methods as tools to provide critical information to solve today's problems in security applications. Real time detection of trace chemicals, such as explosives, in a complex environment containing various interferents using a portable device that can be reliably deployed in a field has been a difficult challenge. A hybrid nanosensor based on the electrochemical reduction of trinitrotoluene (TNT) and the interaction of the reduction products with conducting polymer nanojunctions in an ionic liquid was fabricated. The sensor simultaneously measures the electrochemical current from the reduction of TNT and the conductance change of the polymer nanojunction caused from the reduction product. The hybrid detection mechanism, together with the unique selective preconcentration capability of the ionic liquid, provides a selective, fast, and sensitive detection of TNT. The sensor, in its current form, is capable of detecting parts per trillion level TNT in the presence of various interferents within a few minutes. A novel hybrid electrochemical-colorimetric (EC-C) sensing platform was also designed and fabricated to meet these challenges. The hybrid sensor is based on electrochemical reactions of trace explosives, colorimetric detection of the reaction products, and unique properties of the explosives in an ionic liquid (IL). This approach affords not only increased sensitivity but also selectivity as evident from the demonstrated null rate of false positives and low detection limits. Using an inexpensive webcam a detection limit of part per billion in volume (ppbV) has been achieved and demonstrated selective detection of explosives in the presence of common interferences (perfumes, mouth wash, cleaners, petroleum products, etc.). The works presented in this dissertation, were published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society (JACS, 2009) and Nano Letters (2010), won first place in the National Defense Research contest in (2009) and has been granted a patent (WO 2010/030874 A1). In addition, other work related to conductive polymer junctions and their sensing capabilities has been published in Applied Physics Letters (2005) and IEEE sensors journal (2008).
Electronic Noses And Sensors For The Detection Of Explosives
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Author : J. Gardner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2004-08-17
Electronic Noses And Sensors For The Detection Of Explosives written by J. Gardner and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-08-17 with Nature categories.
Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, held in Warwick, Coventry, U.K., 30 September-3 October 2003