Thyroid Hormone Disruption And Neurodevelopment
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Thyroid Hormone Disruption And Neurodevelopment
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Author : Noriyuki Koibuchi
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-11-11
Thyroid Hormone Disruption And Neurodevelopment written by Noriyuki Koibuchi and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-11-11 with Medical categories.
Thyroid hormone plays an important role in development and functional maintenance in the central nervous system. Deficiency of thyroid hormone during fetal and early postnatal life induces abnormal development known as cretinism in humans. However, the molecular mechanism of thyroid hormone action has not yet been fully understood. Thyroid hormone action in the brain may be disrupted under various pathological conditions. In addition, environmental factors including endocrine-disrupting chemicals and bacterial endotoxins may disrupt thyroid hormone action in brain, causing abnormal brain development and functional disruption. This is a first book to comprehensively describe the effect of thyroid hormone disruption in the central nervous system. The first section deals with the disruption of thyroid hormone action at the molecular level. First the authors provide a summary of the possible molecular mechanisms of thyroid hormone action in the brain, then they discuss several factors that may disrupt thyroid hormone action. In the second section, animal models to study thyroid hormone action will be introduced. An interesting character of thyroid hormone deficiency is that, without thyroid hormone, the thyroid hormone receptor may act as a “repressor” of gene expression, causing more severe consequence than those of thyroid hormone receptor knockout animals. Thus, several different kind of animal models may be used to clarify the role of thyroid hormone and its receptor in the brain. In the third section, human studies on thyroid disease and neurodevelopment will be introduced. Although endemic cretinism induced by iodine deficiency and sporadic cretinism by various thyroid mutation are well known, the pathophysiological mechanisms that create each abnormal phenotype are not fully understood.
Neurodevelopment And Intelligence Impacts Of Nutrition Environmental Toxins And Stress Volumes 1 And 2
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Author : Charles A. Lewis, MD MPH
language : en
Publisher: Psy Press
Release Date : 2022-03-01
Neurodevelopment And Intelligence Impacts Of Nutrition Environmental Toxins And Stress Volumes 1 And 2 written by Charles A. Lewis, MD MPH and has been published by Psy Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-01 with Medical categories.
This special edition of Neurodevelopment and Intelligence contains both Volumes One and Two. The set provides an understanding neurodevelopmental risks during fetal and early life, and of the things that can go awry that limit or hinder healthy brain development, leading to a loss of intellectual abilities or causing disabilities such as autism spectrum disorder. It should be of interest to anyone interested in brain health, preventive medicine, pediatrics, public health policy, present and prospective parents, and those planning on pregnancy and parturition. Herein, Dr. Lewis explains: How people got smarter for more than a century and and why the alternative title of the book is Swimming in a Poisoned Pond —The Looming Demise of Cognitive and Mental Health in America How any healthy child can be a genius with advanced planning All the nasty things in your home that cause brain damage The disgusting things in your water that harm the brain The prenatal vitamins that prevent autism How ADHD is a lifestyle disease The eight pillars of health and their effects on the brain What men can do to sire smarter children The environmental toxins that cause violent crime and suicide How to make your home safe for your child’s brain The role of gut bacteria on the brain How to make pregnancy safer for the fetal brain Foods that improve brain function Maternal life style factors that affect IQ The seven pillars of health and their effects on the brain What men can do to sire smarter children How to make your home safe for your child’s brain The role of gut bacteria on the brain The disruptive effects of sleep deprivation and sleep disordered breathing on brain development, and sleep hygiene for children The effects of stress on the brain and its functioning The harmful effects of poverty on the brain How noise and noise pollution harm brain development. How good public policy can give us a brighter future Foods that improve brain function and make us happy and engaged The effects of Exercise and Environmental Enrichment Kiss your genetic legacy goodbye! Why you will likely never be a grandparent if you don’t already have children How stress makes us stupid Why people are getting dumber even though we have better medical care and more access to education. Are we already too dumb to save ourselves from our mistakes? How psychopathic corporations, stupidity, and structural racism raid America’s wealth The book is a serious scientific exploration of neurodevelopment on which policy and personal behavior changes can be based to improve health, happiness, and intellectual curiosity. Section I section lays out an description of the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) and why it can used as a proxy for neurodevelopment. It explains IQ tests and other developmental scales scoring, and some of their limitations. The high metabolic cost of a large brain and the survival advantage provided by epigenetic adaptation to downsize the brain to the current environmental conditions is described, explaining why a less costly and less intelligent brain are adaptive to leaner times. An estimate is made for the average human IQ in full health and nutrition, (about two standard deviations above the current average, or an IQ of 130). A primer on inflammation is given. Section 2: discusses the impact of anemia and iron on brain development. Topics include: Hookworm, malaria, and infections. Most of this section discusses iron deficiency, iron supplementation in pregnancy and infancy, and the role other minerals and vitamins required for blood formation Section 3: Covers the role of iodine and thyroid hormone on neurodevelopment. The following chapters discuss thyroid hormone disruptors including fluoride and bromide, organohalogens, thyroid disrupting organic pollutants, organophosphates and other biocides, and foods and food additives that impact thyroid function Section 4 covers neurotoxic metals in the environment. The neurotoxic metals that most commonly impact brain health are discussed, including arsenic, lead, mercury, manganese. The impacts of cadmium and aluminum on fetal and infant health are reviewed. Toxic metal exposure during development most commonly occurs from water contamination, and Chapter 18 covers water filtration for removal of these toxins. Section 5 discusses the role of toxic metals, dietary factors, and the role of the intestinal microbiome on the causation and exacerbation of autism spectrum disorder. Evidence on the role of special diets for ASD is reviewed.The timing of the development of ASD is discussed; as it is essential to understanding which exposures are relevant and amenable to treatment. Section 6 discussed the generation of air pollution from combustion of fuels and the adverse impacts of it on brain health. Effects of Particulate matter (PM) on health, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease are reviewed, along with its effects on the premature birth of infants, neurodevelopment, IQ, and autism. Mitigation of risk is discussed. Section 7 outlines maternal factors that impact neurodevelopment and intelligence. The causes and effects of preterm birth and small for gestational age are explored, with a particular focus on environmental influences. Section 8 covers the effect of general health on neurodevelopment, including the impact of diet on the intestinal microbiome, exercise, sleep deprivation, sleep-disordered breathing, and explains the roll of lifestyle in ADHD. Section 9 discusses the effects of psychosocial stress on neurodevelopment and intellectual performance, and discusses the epigenetic effects of stress on brain development and behavior. The role of having a supportive social environment, a stimulating environment, and education on brain development, IQ an health are discussed. The effects of prenatal stress on the brain are reviewed. Other topics include the effect of stress and telomere length, the effects of poverty or domestic violence on IQ score, and the effects of stress on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and on the gut. The effects of noise on hearing, academic performance, and sleep are reviewed. The need to confront endemic stress as a societal norm is discussed.
Endocrine Disruption And Human Health
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Author : Philippa D. Darbre
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2021-09-19
Endocrine Disruption And Human Health written by Philippa D. Darbre and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-19 with Medical categories.
**Selected for Doody's Core Titles® 2024 in Endocrinology/Metabolic Disease**Updated with new and expanded chapters, Endocrine Disruption and Human Health, Second Edition provides an introduction to what endocrine disruptors are, the issues surrounding them, the source of these chemicals in the ecosystem and the mechanisms of action and assay systems. Contributions by specialists are included to discuss the varying effects of endocrine disruption on human health, and procedures for risk assessment of endocrine disruptors, and current approaches to their regulation are also covered. With new material on topics such as low-term, low dose mixtures, windows of susceptibility, epigenetics, EDCs effect on the gut microbiome, EDCs in from polluted air and oral exposures, green chemistry, and nanotechnology, the new edition of Endocrine Disruption and Human Health is a valuable and informative text for academic and clinical researchers and other health professionals approaching endocrine disruption and its effects on human health for the first time, graduate students, and advanced undergraduate students. - Provides readers with access to a range of information from the basic mechanisms and assays through to cutting-edge research investigating concerns for human health - Presents a comprehensive, translational look at all aspects of endocrine disruption and its effects on human health - Offers guidance on the risk assessment of endocrine disruptors and current relevant regulatory considerations - Newly added content on topics like low-term, low dose mixtures, windows of susceptibility to EDCs, EDCs effect on the gut microbiome, green chemistry, and nanotechnology
Handbook Of Autism And Pervasive Developmental Disorders Volume 1
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Author : Fred R. Volkmar
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2014-02-24
Handbook Of Autism And Pervasive Developmental Disorders Volume 1 written by Fred R. Volkmar and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-24 with Psychology categories.
The newest edition of the most comprehensive handbook on autism and related disorders Since the original edition was first published more than a quarter of a century ago, The Handbook of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Volume 1: Diagnosis, Development, and Brain Mechanisms, has been the most influential reference work in the field of autism and related conditions. The new, updated Fourth Edition takes into account the changes in the disorders' definitions in the DSM-V and ICD-10 that may have profound implications for diagnosis and, by extension, access to services. Along with providing practical clinical advice--including the role of psychopharmacology in treatment—the handbook codifies the ever-expanding current body of research throughout both volumes , offering a wealth of information on the epidemiology of autism and the genetic, environmental, biochemical, social, and neuropathological aspects of the disorder. Volume 1 includes: Information on outcomes in adults with autism spectrum disorders A range of issues and interventions important from infancy, though adolescence and beyond for individuals with autism spectrum disorders Current information about play development, including skills, object play, and interventions Coverage of the state of genetic, biochemical, and neuropathological autism research Chapters on psychopharmacology and medical care in autism and related conditions The new edition includes the relevant updates to help readers stay abreast of the state of this rapidly evolving field and gives them a guide to separate the wheat from the chaff as information about autism proliferates.
Environmental Factors In Neurodevelopmental And Neurodegenerative Disorders
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Author : Michael Aschner
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2015-06-18
Environmental Factors In Neurodevelopmental And Neurodegenerative Disorders written by Michael Aschner and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-18 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Environmental Factors in Neurodevelopmental and Neurodegenerative Disorders presents a state-of-the-art review of the effects of environmental contaminants on the development and degeneration of the human nervous system, brought together by world-leading experts in the field. Part One describes the adverse effects that the environment can have on neurological development, and how these effects may exhibit. Specific contaminants and their possible consequences of exposure are addressed (lead, methylmercury, alcohol), as well as specific disorders and the environmental factors associated with them, such as the effect of diet on attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders. Part Two tackles neurodegenerative disorders, specifically addressing their potential neurotoxic origins, and discussing the increasing interest in the effects that early exposure may have in later life. Environmental Factors in Neurodevelopmental and Neurodegenerative Disorders is an invaluable reference for those professionals working in the fields of toxicology, environmental health and neuroscience. - Provides, for the first time, the cutting-edge theory of environmental impacts on both neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders - Written by an international selection of the world's foremost experts in the field of neurotoxicology - Full-colour throughout, providing accurate and illustrative examples of neurotoxic effects in action - An invaluable reference for those professionals working in the fields of toxicology, environmental health, and neuroscience
Environmental Hazards And Neurodevelopment
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Author : Cindy Croft
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2015-01-28
Environmental Hazards And Neurodevelopment written by Cindy Croft and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-28 with Medical categories.
This title includes a number of Open Access chapters.The rate of identification of children with neurobiological disabilities has been on the increase in recent years. Millions of dollars in research are being spent to understand the factors influencing these increases. The articles within this compendium shed vital light on this issue, confirming
Diagnosis Management And Modeling Of Neurodevelopmental Disorders
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Author : Colin R. Martin
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2021-05-29
Diagnosis Management And Modeling Of Neurodevelopmental Disorders written by Colin R. Martin and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-29 with Psychology categories.
Diagnosis, Management and Modeling of Neurodevelopmental Disorders: The Neuroscience of Development is a comprehensive reference on the diagnosis and management of neurodevelopment and associated disorders. The book discusses the mechanisms underlying neurological development and provides readers with a detailed introduction to the neural connections and complexities in biological circuitries, as well as the interactions between genetics, epigenetics and other micro-environmental processes. In addition, the book also examines the pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions of development-related conditions. - Provides the most comprehensive coverage of the broad range of topics relating to the neuroscience of aging - Features sections on the genetics that influences aging and diseases of aging - Contains an abstract, key facts, a mini dictionary of terms, and summary points in each chapter - Focuses on neurological diseases and conditions linked to aging, environmental factors and clinical recommendations - Includes more than 500 illustrations and tables
The Neuroscience Of Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Author : Joseph D. Buxbaum
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2012-12-31
The Neuroscience Of Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Joseph D. Buxbaum and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-31 with Medical categories.
Autism is no longer considered a rare disease, and the Center for Disease Control now estimates that upwards of 730,000 children in the US struggle with this isolating brain disorder. New research is leading to greater understanding of and ability to treat the disorder at an earlier age. It is hoped that further genetic and imaging studies will lead to biologically based diagnostic techniques that could help speed detection and allow early, more effective intervention. Edited by two leaders in the field, this volume offers a current survey and synthesis of the most important findings of the neuroscience behind autism of the past 20 years. With chapters authored by experts in each topic, the volume explores etiology, neuropathology, imaging, and pathways/models. Offering a broad background of ASDs with a unique focus on neurobiology, the volume offers more than the others on the market with a strictly clinical focus or a single authored perspective that fails to offer expert, comprehensive coverage. Researchers and graduate students alike with an interest in developmental disorders and autism will benefit, as will autism specialists across psychology and medicine looking to expand their expertise. - Uniquely explores ASDs from a neurobiological angle, looking to uncover the molecular/cellular basis rather than to merely catalog the commonly used behavioral interventions - Comprehensive coverage synthesizes widely dispersed research, serving as one-stop shopping for neurodevelopmental disorder researchers and autism specialists - Edited work with chapters authored by leaders in the field around the globe – the broadest, most expert coverage available
Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics
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Author : David D. Eisenstat
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-02-22
Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics written by David D. Eisenstat and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-02-22 with Medical categories.
This book explores the interrelationship of genetics, the environment, or both, in the causation of three neurodevelopmental disorders: autism/autism spectrum disorder (ASD), fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), and cerebral palsy (CP). It links common clinical problems in developmental pediatrics and pediatric neurology to current concepts and translational research advances in developmental neurosciences, medical genetics, and related disciplines. The first section of the book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of development of the brain, including topics such as neuronal stem cells, epigenetics, and the influence of the prenatal environment. The next three sections analyze the epidemiology, diagnosis, interventions, and controversies and research directions associated with each of the three neurodevelopmental disorders. It also examines co-morbidities common to all three disorders, such as disturbed sleep, seizures, behavioral disorders, and pain. It concludes by highlighting the impact of ASD, FASD, and CP on family dynamics and provides tools and resources based on foundational concepts such as neuroethics, bioinformatics, community engagement, and advocacy. Learning objectives, key points, clinical vignettes, and multiple choice questions are incorporated throughout the book. With its comprehensive treatment of disease mechanisms, genetics, and pathophysiology associated with these disorders and its discussion of potential therapies and novel treatments, Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics: Genetic and Environmental Influences is an essential resource for developmental pediatricians, child neurologists, fellows, residents and graduate students.
Oxford Textbook Of Endocrinology And Diabetes
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Author : John Wass
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2022-03-10
Oxford Textbook Of Endocrinology And Diabetes written by John Wass and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-10 with Medical categories.
Now in its third edition, the Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes is an up-to-date, objective and comprehensive text that covers the full scope of endocrinology and diabetes. It contains wide ranging and pragmatic advice on diagnosis and clear guidelines for recommended management, while also covering the scientific principles that underlie the medical practice in this important field. The book has been re-organised into 15 overarching sections, with new sections on Endocrinology of Pregnancy and Management of the Transgender Patient included. All other sections have been extensively updated and restructured. Each chapter is written by an internationally acknowledged expert, relates basic science to evidence based guidelines and clinical management, and where appropriate offers an outline of the controversies in the subject. The textbook has an international focus and deals with subject matter applicable across the globe. The new edition has over 800 images complementing the extensive text and information provided. The book is a 'one-stop' text for trainees and consultants in Endocrinology and Diabetes, residents, those preparing for sub-specialty exams and other professionals allied to the area who need to gain an understanding of the field. It acts as both a point of reference for the experienced consultant as well as a trusted training resource. Purchase of the print work also includes full access to the online edition of the textbook for the life of the edition.