Tibes
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Tibes
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Author : L. Antonio Curet
language : en
Publisher: University of Alabama Press
Release Date : 2010
Tibes written by L. Antonio Curet and has been published by University of Alabama Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with History categories.
The prehistoric civic-ceremonial center of Tibes is located on the southern coast of Puerto Rico, just north of the modern coastal city of Ponce. This volume examines the geophysical, paleoethnobotanical, faunal, lithics, base rock, osteology, bone chemistry and nutrition, social landscape, and ceremonial constructs employed at Tibes.
Tibes
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Author : L. Antonio Curet
language : en
Publisher: University Alabama Press
Release Date : 2009-12-27
Tibes written by L. Antonio Curet and has been published by University Alabama Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12-27 with Social Science categories.
The first comprehensive analysis of a strategically located ceremonial center on the island of Puerto Rico The prehistoric civic-ceremonial center of Tibes is located on the southern coast of Puerto Rico, just north of the modern coastal city of Ponce. Protected on two sides by a river, and on the other two sides by hills, this approximately 10.5-acre site remains as fertile and productive today as when first occupied over 2,000 years ago. Such a rich region would have been a choice location for native peoples because of the diversity in all resources, from land, air, and sea--and also symbolically crucial as a liminal space within the landscape. It may have been regarded as a space charged with numen or cosmic energy where different parts of the cosmos (natural vs. supernatural, or world of the living vs. world of the dead) overlap. Archaeological evidence reveals a long occupation, about 1,000 years, possibly followed by an extensive period of sporadic ceremonial use after the site itself was practically abandoned. In this volume, nineteen Caribbeanists, across a wide academic spectrum, examine the geophysical, paleoethnobotanical, faunal, lithics, base rock, osteology, bone chemistry and nutrition, social landscape, and ceremonial constructs employed at Tibes. These scholars provide a concise, well-presented, comprehensive analysis of the evidence for local level changes in household economy, internal organization, accessibility to economic, religious, and symbolic resources related to the development and internal operation of socially stratified societies in the Caribbean.
Report Of The Commissioner For Scheduled Castes And Scheduled Tibes
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Author : India. Commissioner for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Report Of The Commissioner For Scheduled Castes And Scheduled Tibes written by India. Commissioner for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Caste categories.
The Archaeology Of Tibes
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Author : L Antonio Curet
language : en
Publisher: University Alabama Press
Release Date : 2024-12-17
The Archaeology Of Tibes written by L Antonio Curet and has been published by University Alabama Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-12-17 with Social Science categories.
A collection of new essays that brings archaeological insights and discoveries at the Tibes Ceremonial Center up to date The Archaeology of Tibes is a collection of essays offering a fresh analysis of this important ceremonial center. It brings new insights about social structure, illuminating the smaller-scale daily lives of ancient peoples rather than focusing on large-scale chiefdoms. Tibes is the earliest known (ca. 400 to 1300 CE) ceremonial center in Puerto Rico. It has been the focus of one of the largest and longest-running archaeological programs in the Caribbean. Early researchers interpreted evidence in the area of a shift from dispersed villages to a ceremonial center as suggesting the development of social stratification and accumulation of power. Seen as the seat of an early chiefdom, Tibes served as a model applied broadly across the Greater Antilles. New discoveries prompted archaeologists to question their original assumptions about ancient Puerto Rico, and later research failed to produce evidence of social stratification at Tibes. The Archaeology of Tibes therefore incorporates updated and wider perspectives on social formation. It considers agency, decisions, and events and the possibility of more than one form of social organization. It also presents a more accurate "humanized" past: the sociological meanings of that space and its significance for the people who created, used, and occupied it and who influenced rituals, social memory, and community. Summarizing findings from excavations at Tibes after 2010, the collection also reviews the geoarchaeology of the site. Additional essays cover ceramic pastes, lithic production, faunal remains, coral, burials, and rock art. This work will engender discussion and future research by archaeologists across the Caribbean and beyond. CONTRIBUTORS Gordon Ambrosino / L. Antonio Curet / Mariela V. Declet Pérez / Harper Dine / Geoffrey R. DuChemin / Debra K. Green / María Mercedes Martínez Milantchi / José Mirão / Maria A. Nieves-Colón / William J. Pestle / Ali Pourmand / Charis L. Rodríguez Nieves / Reniel Rodríguez Ramos / Lisa M. Stringer / Joshua M. Torres / Anna Tsoupra
Respiration
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Author : I. Hutás
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Respiration written by I. Hutás and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Medical categories.
Advances in Physiological Sciences, Volume 10: Respiration focuses on the movements in respiratory research, including studies on the breathing process in humans; how respiratory muscles aid in respiration; and how various drugs affect breathing. The book also presents how respiratory muscles in humans, birds, and mammals function during different activities. The text also outlines the diseases that arise due to limited expiratory airflow and how muscles undergo fatigue. Divided into nine parts and organized into 77 chapters, the book further looks into the function of the lung during respiration through the comparison of the breathing patterns of humans, birds, and mammals. The text also elaborates how drugs are instituted in various laboratory exercises to determine their effects on the respiratory system in all the subjects mentioned. The book also identifies the different parts of the body that are involved in the breathing process. Readers and scholars who are interested in research concerning the trends in respiratory physiology will find this book interesting.
Ancient Borinquen
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Author : Peter E. Siegel
language : en
Publisher: University of Alabama Press
Release Date : 2005-09-07
Ancient Borinquen written by Peter E. Siegel and has been published by University of Alabama Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-09-07 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
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People And Plants In Ancient Eastern North America
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Author : Paul E. Minnis
language : en
Publisher: University of Arizona Press
Release Date :
People And Plants In Ancient Eastern North America written by Paul E. Minnis and has been published by University of Arizona Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
On Land And Sea
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Author : Lee A. Newsom
language : en
Publisher: University of Alabama Press
Release Date : 2004-05-03
On Land And Sea written by Lee A. Newsom and has been published by University of Alabama Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-05-03 with History categories.
During the vast stretches of early geologic time, the islands of the Caribbean archipelago separated from continental land masses, rose and sank many times, merged with and broke from other land masses, and then by the mid-Cenozoic period settled into the current pattern known today. By the time Native Americans arrived, the islands had developed complex, stable ecosystems. The actions these first colonists took on the landscape—timber clearing, cultivation, animal hunting and domestication, fishing and exploitation of reef species—affected fragile land and sea biotic communities in both beneficial and harmful ways. On Land and Sea examines the condition of biosystems on Caribbean islands at the time of colonization, human interactions with those systems through time, and the current state of biological resources in the West Indies. Drawing on a massive data set collected from long-term archaeological research, the study reconstructs past lifeways on these small tropical islands. The work presents a wide range of information, including types of fuel and construction timber used by inhabitants, cooking techniques for various shellfish, availability and use of medicinal and ritual plants, the effects on native plants and animals of cultivation and domestication, and diet and nutrition of native populations. The islands of the Caribbean basin continue to be actively excavated and studied in the quest to understand the earliest human inhabitants of the New World. This comprehensive work will ground current and future studies and will be valuable to archaeologists, anthropologists, botanists, ecologists, Caribbeanists, Latin American historians, and anyone studying similar island environments.
A Companion To Rock Art
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Author : Jo McDonald
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2012-06-22
A Companion To Rock Art written by Jo McDonald and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-22 with Social Science categories.
This unique guide provides an artistic and archaeological journey deep into human history, exploring the petroglyphic and pictographic forms of rock art produced by the earliest humans to contemporary peoples around the world. Summarizes the diversity of views on ancient rock art from leading international scholars Includes new discoveries and research, illustrated with over 160 images (including 30 color plates) from major rock art sites around the world Examines key work of noted authorities (e.g. Lewis-Williams, Conkey, Whitley and Clottes), and outlines new directions for rock art research Is broadly international in scope, identifying rock art from North and South America, Australia, the Pacific, Africa, India, Siberia and Europe Represents new approaches in the archaeological study of rock art, exploring issues that include gender, shamanism, landscape, identity, indigeneity, heritage and tourism, as well as technological and methodological advances in rock art analyses
Caciques And Cemi Idols
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Author : José R. Oliver
language : en
Publisher: University of Alabama Press
Release Date : 2009-05-10
Caciques And Cemi Idols written by José R. Oliver and has been published by University of Alabama Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-05-10 with History categories.
Takes a close look at the relationship between humans and other (non-human) beings that are imbued with cemí power, specifically within the Taíno inter-island cultural sphere encompassing Puerto Rico and Hispaniola Cemís are both portable artifacts and embodiments of persons or spirit, which the Taínos and other natives of the Greater Antilles (ca. AD 1000-1550) regarded as numinous beings with supernatural or magic powers. This volume takes a close look at the relationship between humans and other (non-human) beings that are imbued with cemí power, specifically within the Taíno inter-island cultural sphere encompassing Puerto Rico and Hispaniola. The relationships address the important questions of identity and personhood of the cemí icons and their human “owners” and the implications of cemí gift-giving and gift-taking that sustains a complex web of relationships between caciques (chiefs) of Puerto Rico and Hispaniola. Oliver provides a careful analysis of the four major forms of cemís—three-pointed stones, large stone heads, stone collars, and elbow stones—as well as face masks, which provide an interesting contrast to the stone heads. He finds evidence for his interpretation of human and cemí interactions from a critical review of 16th-century Spanish ethnohistoric documents, especially the Relación Acerca de las Antigüedades de los Indios written by Friar Ramón Pané in 1497–1498 under orders from Christopher Columbus. Buttressed by examples of native resistance and syncretism, the volume discusses the iconoclastic conflicts and the relationship between the icons and the human beings. Focusing on this and on the various contexts in which the relationships were enacted, Oliver reveals how the cemís were central to the exercise of native political power. Such cemís were considered a direct threat to the hegemony of the Spanish conquerors, as these potent objects were seen as allies in the native resistance to the onslaught of Christendom with its icons of saints and virgins.