Tibetan Pastoralists And Development
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Tibetan Pastoralists And Development
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Author : Andreas Gruschke
language : en
Publisher: Dr Ludwig Reichert
Release Date : 2017
Tibetan Pastoralists And Development written by Andreas Gruschke and has been published by Dr Ludwig Reichert this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Grassland ecology categories.
The Tibetan plateau constitutes the world's vastest high-altitude rangeland. It has featured a unique pastoralist culture where, based on yak and sheep production, on complex exchange systems with agricultural areas and the lowlands, and in the context of ever-changing political conditions, pastoralists developed livelihood systems that helped them adapt not only to the harsh environmental conditions, but also to the ever-changing political and economic trends. The 20th century, most prominently the plateau's ever closer integration into the Chinese state, has brought profound changes to pastoral Tibetans. It has opened the plateau to the influence of a wide array of policies directed at 'developing', modernizing, and recently urbanizing the Tibetan pastoral areas. It has also connected even the remotest community to the booming Chinese markets and - indirectly - the world market. Pastoral communities, thus, are being opened up to new economic opportunities, exposed to new risks and integrated into increasingly complex commodity chains. Local consequences of climate change, the demographic transition, new lifestyles and consumption patterns, and new forms of wealth/poverty and social polarization further complicate the picture. The present volume discusses the question of possible futures of Tibetan pastoralism. Taking a perspective informed by the 'Sustainable Livelihood' approach, it presents a selection of current perspectives on these recent transformations and on their specific impact on local pastoral livelihoods on the ground. Its fifteen chapters, written by Tibetan, Han Chinese and Western scholars from the social and environmental sciences, offer field-work based local case studies that illustrate the complex roles of the (Chinese) state, of (new) markets, and of rangeland resources in the making of both the present and the future of the plateau's pastoral livelihoods.
Pastures Of Change
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Author : Gillian G. Tan
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-04-26
Pastures Of Change written by Gillian G. Tan and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-26 with Social Science categories.
This book offers a novel examination of socio-environmental change in a nomadic pastoralist area of the eastern Tibetan plateau. Drawing on long-term fieldwork that underscores an ethnography of local nomadic pastoralists, international development organisations, and Chinese government policies, the book argues that careful analysis and comparison of the different epistemologies and norms about "change" are vital to any critical appraisal of developments - often contested - on the grasslands of Eastern Tibet. Tibetan nomads have developed a way of life that is dependent in multiple ways on their animals and shaped by the phenomenological experience of mobility. These pastoralists have adapted to many changes in their social, political and environmental contexts over time. From the earliest historically recorded systems of segmentary lineage to the incorporation first into local fiefdoms and then into the Chinese state (of both Nationalist and Communist governments), Tibetan pastoralists have maintained their way of life, complemented by interactions with "the outside world". Rapid changes brought about by an intensification of interactions with the outside world call into question the sustained viability of a nomadic way of life, particularly as pastoralists themselves sell their herds and settle into towns. This book probes how we can more clearly understand these changes by looking specifically at one particular area of high-altitude grasslands in the Tibetan Plateau.
Exile From The Grasslands
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Author : Jarmila Ptáčková
language : en
Publisher: University of Washington Press
Release Date : 2020-11-12
Exile From The Grasslands written by Jarmila Ptáčková and has been published by University of Washington Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-12 with History categories.
At the beginning of the new millennium, the Chinese government launched the Great Opening of the West, a development strategy targeted at remote areas inhabited mainly by indigenous ethnic groups. Intended to modernize infrastructure and halt environmental degradation, its tactics in western China have resulted in the displacement of pastoral Tibetans to urban residence and sedentary livelihoods, causing massive social and economic shifts and uncertainty and eventually leading to signs of discontent in ethnically Tibetan regions. Based on more than a decade of fieldwork, Exile from the Grasslands documents the viewpoints of both the people affected—Tibetan pastoralists in Qinghai Province—and the Chinese officials charged with relocating and settling them in newly constructed housing projects. As China’s international influence expands, the welfare of its ethnic minorities and its handling of environmental issues are receiving close media scrutiny. Jarmila Ptáčkova’s study documents a politically and ecologically significant process that is happening—unlike events in Lhasa or Xinjiang—largely outside the view of the wider world.
Pastoral Practices In High Asia
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Author : Hermann Kreutzmann
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-03-28
Pastoral Practices In High Asia written by Hermann Kreutzmann and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-28 with Science categories.
In conventional views, pastoralism was classified as a stage of civilization that needed to be abolished and transcended in order to reach a higher level of development. In this context, global approaches to modernize a rural society have been ubiquitous phenomena independent of ideological contexts. The 20th century experienced a variety of concepts to settle mobile groups and to transfer their lifestyles to modern perceptions. Permanent settlements are the vivid expression of an ideology-driven approach. Modernization theory captured all walks of life and tried to optimize breeding techniques, pasture utilization, transport and processing concepts. New insights into other aspects of pastoralism such as its role as an adaptive strategy to use marginal resources in remote locations with difficult access could only be understood as a critique of capitalist and communist concepts of modernization. In recent years a renaissance of modernization theory-led development activities can be observed. Higher inputs from external funding, fencing of pastures and settlement of pastoralists in new townships are the vivid expression of 'modern' pastoralism in urban contexts. The new modernization programme incorporates resettlement and transformation of lifestyles as to be justified by environmental pressure in order to reduce degradation in the age of climate change.
Fields Of Grass
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Fields Of Grass written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Nomads categories.
Asian Highlands Perspectives 18
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Author : William Bleisch (Preface)
language : en
Publisher: ASIAN HIGHLANDS PERSPECTIVES
Release Date : 2011-11-23
Asian Highlands Perspectives 18 written by William Bleisch (Preface) and has been published by ASIAN HIGHLANDS PERSPECTIVES this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-23 with Nature categories.
Tibetan communities in Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, and G.yon ri Community in Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, PR China are studied in terms of China's pastoral development policies and their impact on local Tibetans.
High Frontiers
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Author : Kenneth Michael Bauer
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2004-04-07
High Frontiers written by Kenneth Michael Bauer and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-04-07 with Science categories.
Dolpo is a culturally Tibetan enclave in one of Nepal's most remote regions. The Dolpo-pa, or people of Dolpo, share language, religious and cultural practices, history, and a way of life. Agro-pastoralists who live in some of the highest villages in the world, the Dolpo-pa wrest survival from this inhospitable landscape through a creative combination of farming, animal husbandry, and trade. High Frontiers is an ethnography and ecological history of Dolpo tracing the dramatic transformations in the region's socioeconomic patterns. Once these traders passed freely between Tibet and Nepal with their caravans of yak to exchange salt and grains; they relied on winter pastures in Tibet to maintain their herds. After 1959, China assumed full control over Tibet and the border was closed, restricting livestock migrations and sharply curtailing trade. At the same time, increasing supplies of Indian salt reduced the value of Tibetan salt, undermining Dolpo's economic niche. Dolpo's agro-pastoralists were forced to reinvent their lives by changing their migration patterns, adopting new economic partnerships, and adapting to external agents of change. The region has been transformed as a result of the creation of Nepal's largest national park, the making of Himalaya, a major motion picture filmed on location, the increasing presence of nongovernmental organizations, and a booming trade in medicinal products. High Frontiers examines these transformations at the local level and speculates on the future of pastoralism in this region and across the Himalayas.
Exile From The Grasslands
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Author : Jarmila Ptá?ková
language : en
Publisher: Studies on Ethnic Groups in Ch
Release Date : 2020
Exile From The Grasslands written by Jarmila Ptá?ková and has been published by Studies on Ethnic Groups in Ch this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with History categories.
Cvilizing China's western Peripheries -- The gift of development in pastoral areas -- Sedentarization in Qinghai -- Development in Zeku County -- Sedentarization of pastoralists in Zeku County -- Ambivalent outcomes and adaptation strategies -- Glossary of Chinese and Tibetan terms.
Nomads Of Eastern Tibet
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Author : Rinzin Thargyal
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2007-10-01
Nomads Of Eastern Tibet written by Rinzin Thargyal and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10-01 with History categories.
This book presents the first comprehensive anthropological account of premodern Tibetan pastoral economy and social organization in the Kham region of eastern Tibet, and convincingly readdresses anthropological debates and political claims about feudalism or serfdom in Tibetan societies.
Herds On The Move
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Author : Donald John Miller
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Herds On The Move written by Donald John Miller and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Herders categories.