Topic And Focus
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Topic And Focus
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Author : Chungmin Lee
language : en
Publisher: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy
Release Date : 2007
Topic And Focus written by Chungmin Lee and has been published by Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book contains a collection of papers exploring the cross-linguistic expression of topic and focus. A diverse set of perspectives from some of the leading scholars in the areas of semantics and intonation are represented in the collection, which is based on papers presented at the Topic and Focus Workshop at the 2001 LSA Summer Institute in Santa Barbara. This book is unique in the breadth of its typological coverage of topic and focus phenomena. Material is presented from nine languages, including several that are severely under-documented from a theoretical perspective. The expression of topic and focus are integral aspects of linguistic communication that introduce the content of discourse and emphasize its most crucial elements. Topic and focus phenomena are complex and involve both a meaning and a prosodic component. This book is the first collection of papers devoted to the rigorous examination of both semantic and intonational features of topic and focus from a broad typological perspective.
The Syntax Of Topic Focus And Contrast
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Author : Ad Neeleman
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Syntax Of Topic Focus And Contrast written by Ad Neeleman and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book addresses how core notions of information structure (topic, focus and contrast) are expressed in syntax. The authors propose that the syntactic effects of information structure come about as a result of mapping rules that are flexible enough to allow topics and foci to be expressed in a variety of positions, but strict enough to capture certain cross-linguistic generalisations about their distribution. In particular, the papers argue that only contrastive topics and contrastive foci undergo movement and that this is because such movement has the function of marking the scope of contrast. Several predications are derived from this proposal: such as that a focus cannot move across a topic – whether the latter is in situ or not. Syntactic and semantic evidence in support of this proposal is presented from a wide range of languages (including Dutch, English, Japanese, Korean and Russian) and theoretical consequences explored. The first chapter not only outlines its theoretical aims, but also provides an introduction to information structure. As a consequence, the book is accessible to advanced students as well as professional linguists.
Configuring Topic And Focus In Russian
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Author : Tracy Holloway King
language : en
Publisher: Center for the Study of Language and Information Publications
Release Date : 1995-05-26
Configuring Topic And Focus In Russian written by Tracy Holloway King and has been published by Center for the Study of Language and Information Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-05-26 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This work examines word order. More accurately, it is the ordering of constituents that is discussed since prepositional phrases and most noun phrases form syntactic constituents and the encoding of topic and focus in Russian. As has long been observed, word order in Russian encodes specific discourse information: with neutral intonation, topics precede discourse-neutral constituents which precede foci. King extends this idea to show that word order encodes different types of topic and focus in a principled manner.
The Oxford Handbook Of Information Structure
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Author : Caroline Féry
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016-08-25
The Oxford Handbook Of Information Structure written by Caroline Féry and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-25 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book provides linguists with a clear, critical, and comprehensive overview of theoretical and experimental work on information structure. Leading researchers survey the main theories of information structure in syntax, phonology, and semantics as well as perspectives from psycholinguistics and other relevant fields. Following the editors' introduction the book is divided into four parts. The first, on theories of and theoretical perspectives on information structure, includes chapters on focus, topic, and givenness. Part 2 covers a range of current issues in the field, including quantification, dislocation, and intonation, while Part 3 is concerned with experimental approaches to information structure, including language processing and acquisition. The final part contains a series of linguistic case studies drawn from a wide variety of the world's language families. This volume will be the standard guide to current work in information structure and a major point of departure for future research.
The Architecture Of Focus
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Author : Valéria Molnár
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 2011-12-22
The Architecture Of Focus written by Valéria Molnár and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-12-22 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This collection investigates the architecture of focus in linguistic theory from different theoretical perspectives. Research on focus and information structure in the last four decades has shown that the phenomenon of focus is highly complex, the theoretical approaches manifold, and the data highly sensitive. The main emphasis has been placed on the integration of the notion of focus in generative grammar. In recent years, however, the approaches to focus and information structure underwent a radical change in perspective. The theoretical concept of focus, its related terms and phenomena became the object of research. Along with it, the research questions shifted: instead of locating focus in the architecture of grammar, linguists investigate the architecture of focus itself. The central underlying idea of this collection is to document this change in perspective with the aim of isolating essential keystones and research areas in both the theoretical and empirical domain. The book is structured accordingly. Following the introduction, there are four main sections: The general section discusses the theoretical foundations of focus within grammar. The second section hosts papers which investigate the representation of focus and topic at the syntax-pragmatics interface. The third section discusses the phonological representation of focus and its relation to meaning. The papers of the final section investigate different types of focus constructions in a variety languages. The collection of papers on the architecture of focus, its interpretation and representation mirror the establishment of the focus research field.
Information Structure And Sentence Form
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Author : Knud Lambrecht
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1994
Information Structure And Sentence Form written by Knud Lambrecht and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Why do speakers of all languages use different grammatical structures under different communicative circumstances to express the same idea? Professor Lambrecht explores the relationship between the structure of the sentence and the linguistic and extra-linguistic context in which it is used. His analysis is based on the observation that the structure of a sentence reflects a speaker's assumption about the hearer's state of knowledge and consciousness at the time of the utterance. This relationship between speaker assumptions and formal sentence structure is governed by rules and conventions of grammar, in a component called 'information structure'. Four independent but interrelated categories are analysed: presupposition and assertion, identifiability and activation, topic, and focus.
Topic Focus Articulation Tripartite Structures And Semantic Content
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Author : Eva Hajicová
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Topic Focus Articulation Tripartite Structures And Semantic Content written by Eva Hajicová and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
1. 1 OBJECTIVES The main objective of this joint work is to bring together some ideas that have played central roles in two disparate theoretical traditions in order to con tribute to a better understanding of the relationship between focus and the syn tactic and semantic structure of sentences. Within the Prague School tradition and the branch of its contemporary development represented by Hajicova and Sgall (HS in the sequel), topic-focus articulation has long been a central object of study, and it has long been a tenet of Prague school linguistics that topic-focus structure has systematic relevance to meaning. Within the formal semantics tradition represented by Partee (BHP in the sequel), focus has much more recently become an area of concerted investigation, but a number of the semantic phenomena to which focus is relevant have been extensively investi gated and given explicit compositional semantic-analyses. The emergence of 'tripartite structures' (see Chapter 2) in formal semantics and the partial simi larities that can be readily observed between some aspects of tripartite structures and some aspects of Praguian topic-focus articulation have led us to expect that a closer investigation of the similarities and differences in these different theoretical constructs would be a rewarding undertaking with mutual benefits for the further development of our respective theories and potential benefit for the study of semantic effects of focus in other theories as well.
The Cambridge Handbook Of Pragmatics
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Author : Keith Allan
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2012-01-12
The Cambridge Handbook Of Pragmatics written by Keith Allan and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-12 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Pragmatics is the study of human communication: the choices speakers make to express their intended meaning and the kinds of inferences that hearers draw from an utterance in the context of its use. This Handbook surveys pragmatics from different perspectives, presenting the main theories in pragmatic research, incorporating seminal research as well as cutting-edge solutions. It addresses questions of rational and empirical research methods, what counts as an adequate and successful pragmatic theory, and how to go about answering problems raised in pragmatic theory. In the fast-developing field of pragmatics, this Handbook fills the gap in the market for a one-stop resource to the wide scope of today's research and the intricacy of the many theoretical debates. It is an authoritative guide for graduate students and researchers with its focus on the areas and theories that will mark progress in pragmatic research in the future.
Information Structure
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Author : Nomi Erteschik-Shir
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2007-01-11
Information Structure written by Nomi Erteschik-Shir and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-11 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This introduction to the role of information structure in grammar discusses a wide range of phenomena on the syntax-information structure interface. It examines theories of information structure and considers their effectiveness in explaining whether and how information structure maps onto syntax in discourse. Professor Erteschik-Shir begins by discussing the basic notions and properties of information structure, such as topic and focus, and considers their properties from different theoretical perspectives. She covers definitions of topic and focus, architectures of grammar, information structure, word order, the interface between lexicon and information structure, and cognitive aspects of information structure. In her balanced and readable account, the author critically compares the effectiveness of different theoretical approaches and assesses the value of insights drawn from work in processing and on language acquisition, variation, and universals. This book will appeal to graduate students of syntax and semantics in departments of linguistics, philosophy, and cognitive science.
Information Retrieval Technology
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Author : Azizah Jaafar
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-11-21
Information Retrieval Technology written by Azizah Jaafar and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-21 with Computers categories.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th Information Retrieval Societies Conference, AIRS 2014, held in Kuching, Malaysia, in December 2014. The 42 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 110 submissions. Seven tracks were the focus of the AIR 2014 and they were IR models and theories; IR evaluation, user study and interactive IR; web IR, scalability and IR in social media; multimedia IR; natural language processing for IR; machine learning and data mining for IR and IR applications.