Towards The Control Of Microplastic Pollution In Urban Waters
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Towards The Control Of Microplastic Pollution In Urban Waters
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Author : Emma Fältström
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2020-11-04
Towards The Control Of Microplastic Pollution In Urban Waters written by Emma Fältström and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-04 with categories.
Water pollution has long been considered a challenge in urban areas, and new types of pollution are continuously introduced to society. Urban wastewater and stormwater act as transport pathways of pollution from urban areas to receiving waterways. Microplastics are a new type of pollution that is being highlighted as problematic, and the presence of microplastics is widespread in the environment. The knowledge about behaviour, sources and transport pathways is still limited. Still, there have been suggestions for ways to control microplastic pollution. Moreover, many other pollutants have been introduced, and to a various extent controlled, in the urban water system before, which means that there are strategies for pollution control in place. The problem of microplastic pollution is receiving attention from both research and policy. Therefore, there is a need to simultaneously explore ways to handle the pollution and learn more about the flows of microplastics. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to the understanding of flows of microplastics in urban waters and investigate strategies and measures that can control the flows. This aim has been addressed through three different studies presented in the three appended papers. The empirical material was gathered between 2017 and 2020 using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The flows of microplastics were investigated using a quantitative approach with inspiration from substance flow analysis. Strategies and measures to control pollution were investigated by means of analyses of documents, literature review and interviews. In terms of flows, the results show that laundry seems to be a large contributor to the wastewater system, while the contribution from cigarette filters was smaller than anticipated. Littering, in general, as well as paint, are potentially important sources of microplastics where the understanding is very limited. In terms of strategies and measures to control the flows, there are both preventive and treatment options for microplastics. As microplastics are a diverse pollutant group, several different solutions are needed. Some aspects that influence control efforts are related to the properties and behaviour of the specific pollutant and can therefore be more or less suitable for different pollutants. Other aspects are more general, such as what compartments are seen as valuable and prioritised in terms of protection. Further, treatment moves the pollution from the water to another medium, and this movement also needs to be considered. Challenges in terms of changing, limited or even lack of legislation, as well as unclear responsibility, and problems with collaboration among urban actors also impact the possibilities to control pollution. The case of microplastics also raises questions about when and how pollution should be controlled and by whom. Further, emerging practices in the urban water system, such as source separation, pipe-separation, and water reuse, will have implications for how pollution will be handled in the future.
Environmental Risks Posed By Microplastics In Urban Waterways
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Author : Beibei He
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-03-01
Environmental Risks Posed By Microplastics In Urban Waterways written by Beibei He and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-03-01 with Science categories.
This book presents comprehensive knowledge regarding the spatial and temporal distributions, influential factors, interactions with coexisting contaminants, migration behavior, and environmental risk posed by microplastics (MPs) in urban waterways. It provides a novel theoretical approach for the combined risks from MPs and coexisting contaminants, and advanced three-dimensional modeling techniques for different MPs’ dispersal and transport behaviors in urban waterways. Additionally, this book presents a scientifically robust investigation on the correlations between various influential factors and heterogeneity in relation to MP presence in river systems. The new knowledge presented would be of particular interest to readers such as urban water management professionals, urban plastic waste regulators, decision-makers, urban planners, and water environment quality model developers, as it provides practical solutions and recommendations for plastic-polluted river quality improvement from a risk management perspective.
Microplastics In Water And Wastewater
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Author : Hrissi K. Karapanagioti
language : en
Publisher: IWA Publishing
Release Date : 2019-09-15
Microplastics In Water And Wastewater written by Hrissi K. Karapanagioti and has been published by IWA Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book covers the topic of microplastics in water and wastewater. The chapters start with introductory issues related to the growing interest in the scientific community on microplastics and the human water cycle and point out where the microplastics could interact with water. The subsequent chapters examine evidence of the microplastic presence in freshwater, such as in both rivers and lakes, in freshwater biota, and hazardous chemicals associated with microplastics in such systems. Another set of chapters discuss the presence of microplastics in wastewater: their sources; their transfer through a wastewater treatment plant; the concentration of microplastics in effluents throughout the world; the plastic biomedia used in wastewater treatment plants and the effect on the surrounding environment of effluent wastewater pipes. These chapters also discuss the sampling methods, the sample treatment and analysis techniques used so far for microplastics in wastewater. Additionally, the presence of microplastics in sewage sludge and in soils irrigated with wastewater or fertilized with sludge are discussed. The possible impact of plastics and their additives on plants, microalgae, and humans are reviewed and presented in a critical way. Finally, a chapter summarizes all the relevant regulations and initiatives that point to the necessity of a global directive for the protection of the environment from plastic and microplastic pollution. The topic of microplastics in freshwater systems and in wastewater has scarcely been studied and requires more attention. Microplastics in Water and Wastewater aims to bring these initial findings to the attention of a broader audience and especially to operators and managers of freshwater and wastewater systems. It will also be helpful to people already aware of the marine debris problem to understand the sources of microplastics in the oceans, from freshwater systems and wastewater treatment plants.
Freshwater Microplastics
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Author : Martin Wagner
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-11-21
Freshwater Microplastics written by Martin Wagner and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-21 with Science categories.
This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This volume focuses on microscopic plastic debris, also referred to as microplastics, which have been detected in aquatic environments around the globe and have accordingly raised serious concerns. The book explores whether microplastics represent emerging contaminants in freshwater systems, an area that remains underrepresented to date. Given the complexity of the issue, the book covers the current state-of-research on microplastics in rivers and lakes, including analytical aspects, environmental concentrations and sources, modelling approaches, interactions with biota, and ecological implications. To provide a broader perspective, the book also discusses lessons learned from nanomaterials and the implications of plastic debris for regulation, politics, economy, and society. In a research field that is rapidly evolving, it offers a solid overview for environmental chemists, engineers, and toxicologists, as well as water managers and policy-makers.
Microplastics Pollution In Aquatic Media
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Author : Mika Sillanpää
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-04-10
Microplastics Pollution In Aquatic Media written by Mika Sillanpää and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-10 with Science categories.
This book highlights one of the most important water pollutants known as Microplastics. It has been reported that humans and the environment are dealing with microplastics particles in water and aquatic media. Despite the fact that such pollution might have mainly started out from the sea, it is now in lakes, rivers, ponds and even drinking water. This book presents as overview of microplastics in freshwater environments in different regions around the world. It discusses the ecotoxicological effects of microplastics, the removal/remediation techniques of microplastics and the role of water/wastewater treatment plants in spreading microplastics. This book is a valuable resource, covering wide aspects of microplastics from sources, detection and characterization to removal and their fate in treatment plants.
Monitoring Of Microplastics In The Marine Environment Changing Directions Towards Quality Controlled Tailored Solutions
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Author : Setälä, Outi
language : en
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Release Date : 2019-11-26
Monitoring Of Microplastics In The Marine Environment Changing Directions Towards Quality Controlled Tailored Solutions written by Setälä, Outi and has been published by Nordic Council of Ministers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-26 with Science categories.
The need for harmonized monitoring protocols for marine microplastic has been discussed for many years, but how to reach this goal has not been agreed upon. Important questions addressed when microplastics are monitored are: how to carry out field sampling, how to eliminate other particulate matter from a sample without harming the microplastics, and how to accurately identify the particles, while also preventing and assessing potential sample contamination at each step from sampling to analyses. In the project HARMIC, Nordic scientist with long term experience in microplastic research, applied and evaluated different methods for sampling and sample preparation relevant for the establishment of common guidelines. The outcomes of the studies are discussed from a monitoring perspective, including aspects of quality assurance and quality control.
Water Challenges Of An Urbanizing World
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Author : Matjaž Glavan
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2018-03-21
Water Challenges Of An Urbanizing World written by Matjaž Glavan and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-21 with Science categories.
Global water crisis is a challenge to the security, political stability and environmental sustainability of developing nations and with climate, economically and politically, induces migrations also for the developed ones. Currently, the urban population is 54% with prospects that by the end of 2050 and 2100 66% and 80%, respectively, of the world's population will live in urban environment. Untreated water abstracted from polluted resources and destructed ecosystems as well as discharge of untreated waste water is the cause of health problems and death for millions around the globe. Competition for water is wide among agriculture, industry, power companies and recreational tourism as well as nature habitats. Climate changes are a major threat to the water resources. This book intends to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art in integrated assessment of water resource management in the urbanizing world, which is a foundation to develop society with secure water availability, food market stability and ecosystem preservation.
Water Management In Developing Countries And Sustainable Development
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Author : S. Suriyanarayanan
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date :
Water Management In Developing Countries And Sustainable Development written by S. Suriyanarayanan and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
A Handbook Of Industrial Ecology
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Author : Robert U. Ayres
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2002-01-01
A Handbook Of Industrial Ecology written by Robert U. Ayres and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-01-01 with Nature categories.
'The editors of this handbook have brought together 58 of the world's greatest environmental systems experts. These professionals have, in 46 specific topic headings, divided into six major sections, provided very insightful information and guidance as to what industrial ecology entails, how it can be implemented, and its benefits . . . a very valuable tool . . . This book provides essential information to mid- and top-level management that can enable industry to make more prudent business decisions regarding the manufacturing of its products.' - Robert John Klancko, Environmental Practice Industrial ecology is coming of age and this superb book brings together leading scholars to present a state-of-the-art overviews of the subject.
Urban Water Crisis And Management
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Author : Arun Lal Srivastav
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2022-07-20
Urban Water Crisis And Management written by Arun Lal Srivastav and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-20 with Science categories.
Urban Water Crisis and Management: Strategies for Sustainable Development, Sixth Edition presents solutions for the current challenges of urban water and management strategies. Through contributed chapters, a framework is laid out for a reduction of the use of groundwater (heavily overused as a solution) and the alternative options for the supply of water to cities, or for urban water. Sections discuss urban water, its problems and management approaches, address the root causes of the water crisis in urban areas, and cover the scientific and technical knowledge necessary to manage water resources. Significant gaps between developed and developing nations in the procedure of water management are also addressed, along with practical information regarding recycling and the reuse of wastewater which is useful as baseline data for the future. Presents the quantitative study of water supply in urban areas, identifies water scarcity in megacities, and provides management approaches for sustainable development Identifies technology and the instruments required for the management and safe supply of water Includes case studies where these technologies have been successfully used