Trade Imbalance
DOWNLOAD
Download Trade Imbalance PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get Trade Imbalance book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page
Adjusting The U S Trade Imbalance
DOWNLOAD
Author : Lester C. Thurow
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987
Adjusting The U S Trade Imbalance written by Lester C. Thurow and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Balance of trade categories.
The Euro S Effecton Trade Imbalances
DOWNLOAD
Author : Mr.Helge Berger
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2010-10-01
The Euro S Effecton Trade Imbalances written by Mr.Helge Berger and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-10-01 with Business & Economics categories.
When does trade become a one-way relationship? We study bilateral trade balances for a sample of 18 European countries over the period from 1948 through 2008. We find that, with the introduction of the euro, trade imbalances among euro area members widened considerably, even after allowing for permanent asymmetries in trade competitiveness within pairs of countries or in the overall trade competitiveness of individual countries. This is consistent with indications that pair-wise trade tends to be more balanced when nominal exchange rates are flexible. Intra-euro area imbalances also seem to have become more persistent with the introduction of the euro, some of which is linked to labor market inflexibility. Reviewing the direction of imbalances, we find that bilateral trade surpluses are decreasing in the real exchange rate, decreasing in growth differentials, and increasing in the relative volatility of national business cycles. Finally, countries with relatively higher fiscal deficits and less flexible labor and product markets exhibit systematically lower trade surpluses than others.
Balanced Trade
DOWNLOAD
Author : Jesse Richman
language : en
Publisher: Lexington Books
Release Date : 2014-04-24
Balanced Trade written by Jesse Richman and has been published by Lexington Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-24 with Business & Economics categories.
How should a principled nation which believes in the benefits of mutually beneficial trade respond to the predations of mercantilist trading partners and imbalanced trade? Many argue that the response should be to do little or nothing. Balanced Trade argues that achieving the full benefits of international trade requires an effective response. Although trade deficits provide short-term gains in consumption, these are combined with long-term losses in consumption, innovation, investment, employment and power. Furthermore, market mechanisms do not correct trade imbalances that result from mercantilism, nor do they compensate for the long term shift in production and consumption towards the mercantilist. Balancing trade can make important short run and long run contributions to economic stability and prosperity. In America today, despite the growing evidence that imbalanced free trade is not working, many American economists remain adamant in their promotion of free trade. They are also quick to label actions taken to balance trade as protectionism. The political system has also failed to effectively address the problem of imbalanced trade, and the Federal Reserve has often exacerbated rather than addressed the challenge. We show that the classical economic arguments against mercantilism do not justify doing nothing. Effectively responding to imbalanced trade and mercantilism requires careful selection of strategy in order to achieve multiple objectives: balancing trade while maintaining the benefits of international trade, avoiding unnecessary inefficiencies, and maintaining compliance with international law. One of the best options is the Scaled Tariff. By targeting countries with which the United States has a large current account deficit, the Scaled Tariff would efficiently, legally, and effectively balance trade. It would be applied to all imported goods from trade surplus countries that have had a sizable trade surplus with the United States over the most recent four economic quarters.The tariff rate would be designed to take in a portion (e.g. 50%) of the bilateral trade deficit (goods plus services) as revenue. No particular product is protected; the scaled tariff simply changes the terms of trade between the two countries, much as currency devaluation would change the terms of trade with all countries.
Trade Imbalance
DOWNLOAD
Author : Susan Ariel Aaronson
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2007-10-08
Trade Imbalance written by Susan Ariel Aaronson and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10-08 with Law categories.
In many countries, citizens allege that trade policies undermine specific rights such as labor rights, the right to health, or the right to political participation. However, in some countries, policy makers use trade policies to promote human rights. Although scholars, policy makers and activists have long debated this relationship, in truth we know very little about it. This book enters this murky territory with three goals. First, it aims to provide readers with greater insights into the relationship between human rights and trade. Second, it includes the first study of how South Africa, Brazil, the United States, and the European Union coordinate trade and human rights objectives and resolve conflicts. It also looks at how human rights issues are seeping into the WTO. Finally, it provides suggestions to policy makers for making their trade and human rights policies more coherent.
International Trade
DOWNLOAD
Author : United States. General Accounting Office
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987
International Trade written by United States. General Accounting Office and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Balance of trade categories.
U S Trade Deficit Causes Consequences And Cures
DOWNLOAD
Author : Albert E. Burger
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
U S Trade Deficit Causes Consequences And Cures written by Albert E. Burger and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.
On October 23 and 24, 1987, the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis hosted its twelfth annual economic policy conference, "The U.S. Trade Deficit: Causes, Consequences, and Cures." This book contains the papers and comments delivered at that conference. A sharp decline in the value of the dollar against major foreign cur rencies began in March 1985 and continued through December 1987. Despite this decline, the U.S. trade deficit experienced considerable growth during this time. Many consider the simultaneous occurrence of these two events over so long a period to be a problem requiring a policy response. The conference addresses this issue. Various papers discuss the cause of the trade deficit, the reason for its size and persistence, its relation ship with other macroeconomic variables, its impact on other industrialized countries, and various policy proposals aimed at reducing the deficit. Session I Peter Hooper and Catherine L. Mann provide an analytical setting for the conference with their "The U.S. External Deficit: Its Causes and Persistence." Their observation that the unprecedentedly large U. S. trade imbalance is striking in both its size and its persistence could well be the subtitle of each of the papers presented. The macroeconomic studies, which Hooper and Mann summarize in their review of the existing literature, uniformly conclude that the deficit has not responded to fundamental macroeconomic determinants-relative U.S. income growth and the dollar's exchange rate-in the way that earlier, smaller U.S.
Trade Myths
DOWNLOAD
Author : Enzio Von Pfeil
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Trade Myths written by Enzio Von Pfeil and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Globalization categories.
Myth 1: Imports kill jobs; Myth 2: Exchange rates drive trade; Myth 3: A trade balance is a national matter; Myth 4: A trade "deficit" is "bad: Myth 5: Foreigners finance America's trade deficit -- These commonly held concepts of trade balances are based on 15th-century accounting techniques. Politicians misled by these outdated ideas have made cheap, vote-grabbing protectionist policies that reduce to "saving jobs by fighting unfair imports." One result of such sophistry has been two senseless world wars. The paradigm has to move in to the 21st century: a first step is to include multinational corporations' incredibly successful overseas activities when calculating trade balances. Enzio von Pfeil invented this approach in 1987 and has been applying it publicly in his research and in the press since. His key message is that if politicians keep using simplistic protectionist policies, they are courting retaliation in the countries where they operate, thereby nurturing terrorism as well as threatening the very existence of their own corporations operating abroad. If such politicians are threatening these multinationals' overseas operations -- why are these companies financing the campaigns of these politicians? Born in Namibia and raised in America, Germany and England, Enzio von Pfeil studied under Friedich von Hayek and got his Ph.D. in economics, then worked for the world's three leading banks of their day. Formerly chief regional economist for leading London-based investment banks in Hong Kong, von Pfeil is now an independent investment adviser and a regular contributor to Bloomberg Television UK, Bloomberg Television Deutschland, and to CNBC Asia. His investment advice is constantlyupdated at www.EconomicClock.com.
The Trade Balance In Monetary General Equilibrium
DOWNLOAD
Author : Kenneth W. Clements
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-04-28
The Trade Balance In Monetary General Equilibrium written by Kenneth W. Clements and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-28 with Business & Economics categories.
This title, first published in 1984, is a contribution to applied international trade theory. The author explores the specification and estimation of a multisector general equilibrium model of the open economy. The model is formulated with the aim of assessing empirically the effects of three key policy variables on trade flows, domestic prices, and the trade balance. The policy variables with which the author is concerned are the rate of growth of the stock of domestic credit, commercial policy, as represented by tariffs, and, finally, the exchange rate. This title will be of interest to students of economics.
China Us Trade War And Trade Talk
DOWNLOAD
Author : Miaojie Yu
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-05-26
China Us Trade War And Trade Talk written by Miaojie Yu and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-26 with Business & Economics categories.
This book focuses on the current tension between China and the US on trade imbalance and discusses China’s opening-up strategy in the context of this trade conflict. The book is divided into two parts. In the first part, the author presents a detailed analysis of the current state of the China-US trade relationship and describes the potential impacts of China-US trade conflicts. The topics covered in this section include the re-estimate of US trade deficit with China, China’s non-market economy status, the impact of China-US bilateral investment treaties on China’s manufacturing sectors, and the estimated welfare losses and gains resulting from the China-US trade war. Part II explores China’s possible response and development strategy in the context of de-globalization. Based on an overview of China’s three stages of economic reform and opening-up policy in the past four decades, the author discusses the future tasks that would move the country into a new stage of all-round opening up. Lastly, the book comprehensively reviews the role of processing trade, trade liberalization, and firm performance in promoting China’s miraculous economic growth so as to foster a better understanding of China’s experience of opening up over the past 4 decades.
The United States Trade Deficit Of The 1980s
DOWNLOAD
Author : Chris C. Carvounis
language : en
Publisher: Praeger
Release Date : 1987
The United States Trade Deficit Of The 1980s written by Chris C. Carvounis and has been published by Praeger this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Business & Economics categories.
Carvounis has written a splendid, brief explanation of the current U.S. trade deficit and its probable consequences. After providing a brief history of the deficit, he surveys and critiques the two leading explanations advanced by economic theory (monetarist and structuralist). . . . Carvounis finds the monetarist suggestions politically impractical and the structuralist solution unworkable as well as politically improbable. . . . The writing is crisp and well documented. Choice The United States Trade Deficit of the 1980s probes the causes and consequences, as well as possible responses to the trade imbalance. In a thorough examination of the origins of the trade imbalance, the study takes into account the magnitude of the problem, focusing on bilateral trade balances, sectoral balances, and future outlook. The causes and consequences of the deficit are explained through an exhaustive comparison between the monetarist and structuralist schools. In a comprehensive, nonideological approach, the book provides valuable critiques and conclusions with respect to both positions.