Trade Investment And Development In The Middle East And North Africa
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Trade Investment And Development In The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Dipak Das Gupta
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2003-01-01
Trade Investment And Development In The Middle East And North Africa written by Dipak Das Gupta and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
There is a large potential for expanding trade in the Middle East and North Africa region. This work discusses ways forward for trade integration, capturing the diversity of country experiences within the region without losing the generality of principles involved.
Trade Policy Developments In The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Bernard M. Hoekman
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2000-01-01
Trade Policy Developments In The Middle East And North Africa written by Bernard M. Hoekman and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
"While very diverse in many respects, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries nevertheless also share some common characteristics, including a number of important shared challenges for policymakers."The Middle East and North Africa region has great potential for economic growth and prosperity in the 21st century. Yet, this potential will not be realized unless governments and private sector leaders in the region forge partnerships for development. An indispensable resource for all those working within the international development community, especially within the Middle East and North Africa region, Trade Policy Developments in the Middle East and North Africa offers policy and institutional alternatives to help both parties achieve that goal.This volume describes and analyzes recent trade policy developments in the Middle East and North Africa. Contributorsalmost all economists from the regionreview recent trends in trade performance, assess current trade and investment regimes, and discuss some of the emerging microeconomic policy challenges that confront governments and firms seeking to export and trade. Topics addressed include the need and scope for using regional integration and economic free zones as a tool of development, mobilization of non-trade tax bases, efficient enforcement of product standards to ensure health and safety of citizens, and implementation of modern information technologies to facilitate customs clearance.This book is the second in a series from the Mediterranean Development Forum, a partnership of 10 Middle East and North Africa Region think tanks and the World Bank Institute. This volume will be of interest to development specialists, policymakers, and investors.
Strengthening China S And India S Trade And Investment Ties To The Middle East And North Africa
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2009
Strengthening China S And India S Trade And Investment Ties To The Middle East And North Africa written by and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Africa, North categories.
China and India's spectacular economic rise over the last two decades has accelerated their trade and investment flows with the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), particularly with the oil-producing countries. And while these flows are still small, China and India's presence in the region is on the rise. This report focuses on the following questions: what have been evolution and the impact of MENA's trade and investment relations with China and India? what actions can be taken to maximize the benefits from these relations and to enhance MENA's international integration? The main findings indicate that the region as a whole has benefited from the rise of China and India in terms of better terms of trade, significant increases in oil and gas exports, and cheaper imports. However, producers of industrial goods have been negatively-and in a few cases severely-affected by competition with the two Asian countries in both third and domestic markets. While China and India are investing more in MENA, they are contributing very little to job creation or to the transfer and diffusion of technology. Faster growth in the two Asian countries-and the associated higher demand for energy-will increase revenues from oil and the difficult choices associated with their management. For the labor-abundant, non oil-producing countries, competition with China and India will increase. But the lack of competitive manufacturing industries and services, the insufficient attention given in the past to building technological capabilities and promoting openness and entrepreneurship are constraining their ability to respond to competition. They need to accelerate productivity to tackle unemployment, especially among youth. This may require the broader institutional changes seen in China and India-suggesting the importance of a pragmatic reform agenda that can accelerate productivity, trade, and investment in the region.
Regional Economic Integration In The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Mustapha Rouis
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2012-12-11
Regional Economic Integration In The Middle East And North Africa written by Mustapha Rouis and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-11 with Business & Economics categories.
This book summarizes the constraints to and opportunities for deepening economic integration within the MENA region and beyond. Trade and investment reform are discussed together with physical connectivity, cross-border trade facilitation, infrastructure networks, and the vital role of logistics.
U S Trade And Investment In The Middle East And North Africa Overview And Issues For Congress
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Author : Rebecca M. Nelson
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub
Release Date : 2013-03-13
U S Trade And Investment In The Middle East And North Africa Overview And Issues For Congress written by Rebecca M. Nelson and has been published by Createspace Independent Pub this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-13 with Business & Economics categories.
U.S. interest in deepening economic ties with certain countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) has increased in light of the political unrest and transitions that have swept the region since early 2011. Policymakers in Congress and the Obama Administration are discussing ways that U.S. trade and investment can bolster long-term economic growth in the region. In May 2011, President Obama announced the MENA “Trade and Investment Partnership Initiative” (MENA-TIP), through which various federal government agencies are engaged in efforts to enhance trade and investment with the region. Such activities are in line with longstanding U.S. trade policy goals and measures. Some Members of Congress have called for deeper economic ties with MENA countries undergoing political change. However, continued political uncertainty and changing security environments in the region have prompted greater scrutiny of U.S. engagement. This report analyzes policy approaches that the Congress might consider concerning U.S.-MENA trade and investment. MENA Economies and Integration in the Global Economy - Economic performance in the MENA as a whole lags behind other regions in the world in terms of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita (living standards), employment, and economic diversification, despite the fact that several MENA countries are major producers of oil and natural gas. Limited integration in the global economy is frequently cited as an obstacle to the region's overall economic development. MENA's trade with the world is concentrated in a small number of products (oil exports and imports of manufactured goods) and among a small number of trading partners (particularly the European Union). Tariffs also remain high in some MENA countries and intra-regional trade and investment flows are relatively low. With regard to the United States, the MENA region accounts for less than 5% of U.S. total trade and 1% of U.S. foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows. U.S. businesses face a number of non-tariff barriers, such as lack of transparency, bureaucratic red tape, corruption, weak rule of law, and differences in business cultures. Policy Approaches and Challenges - Current U.S. trade and investment policies with MENA countries are quite varied. The United States has free trade agreements (FTAs) with five MENA countries (Bahrain, Israel, Jordan, Morocco, and Oman), but more limited ties with other countries, such as Libya, which is not a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Important exceptions to overall U.S. trade policy objectives in the region are Iran and Syria, which are both subject to trade sanctions. Analysts disagree about the merits of deepening U.S. trade and investment ties with the MENA region. Some analysts maintain that new trade and investment agreements help anchor domestic reforms, such as in governance and rule of law; support sound economic growth; are a costeffective way to support transitioning countries in an environment of budgetary constraints; and could promote U.S. exports and investment. Others argue that the empirical record between economic openness and democracy is weak and that it is unclear whether protesters in various Arab countries favor more economic liberalization, which they sometimes associate with corruption, inflation, and inequality. They also argue that political uncertainty in the region, such as the fluidity of Egypt's political transition, merits a “wait-and-see” approach before proceeding with substantial policy changes.
Private Sector Development In The Middle East And North Africa Making Reforms Succeed Moving Forward With The Mena Investment Policy Agenda
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2008-07-29
Private Sector Development In The Middle East And North Africa Making Reforms Succeed Moving Forward With The Mena Investment Policy Agenda written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-07-29 with categories.
Highlights key outcomes of the work of the MENA-OECD Investment Programme from 2005-2007, including reforms achieved to date in investment policies and promotion, corporate governance, financial-sector development, and tax policies.
Trade Competitiveness Of The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Jos R. L pez-C lix
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2010-07-01
Trade Competitiveness Of The Middle East And North Africa written by Jos R. L pez-C lix and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-07-01 with Political Science categories.
Over the past decade, four major developments in global economic integration have shaped trade policy and the economic performance of countries within the Middle East and North Africa region: the emergence of global supply chains, the growth of trade in services, the rise of China and India as major international trading powers, and regional integration. These developments, along with the labor and natural resource endowments of particular countries (some are resource-poor but labor-abundant, some resource-rich and labor-abundant, and some resource-rich and labor-importing), have influenced export diversification outcomes across the region. Yet these countries may not be taking full advantage of all of the opportunities the four new trends offer to them. 'Trade Competitiveness of the Middle East and North Africa: Policies for Export Diversification' examines the region's trade policy agendas and their results by focusing on the countries' response to these four key developments in international trade. As the region recovers from the global financial and economic crises, the book identifies reforms that could allow countries to further strengthen global production networks, benefit more from trade in services, better compete in external markets to face the rise of China and India, and reach the full potential of regional integration. If thoroughly implemented, especially by oil exporters, all of these reforms could help boost growth and job creation in the region.
Trade And Investment In The Middle East
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Author : Rodney Wilson
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1977-06-17
Trade And Investment In The Middle East written by Rodney Wilson and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977-06-17 with Business & Economics categories.
The Economic Development Process In The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Alessandro Romagnoli
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-11-12
The Economic Development Process In The Middle East And North Africa written by Alessandro Romagnoli and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-12 with Business & Economics categories.
Offering a comprehensive analysis of the development of economies in the Middle East and North Africa over the past half century, this book charts the progress of these countries through an examination of an Islamic model of economic development, reform processes, and economic integration. Far from being a simple process, economic development in the Middle East and North Africa is dependent on the interaction of a set of changing systems including; international relations, the political regime, economy, and society. By analysing these interdependent factors, The Economic Development Process in MENA seeks to provide answers to the most pressing issues facing the economies in this area. Providing an interpretation of regional development in light of dialectics between state and society, this book will be of value to students and scholars with an interest in the Middle East, Economics, and International Relations.
Private Sector Development In The Middle East And North Africa Supporting Investment Policy And Governance Reforms In Iraq
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2010-06-11
Private Sector Development In The Middle East And North Africa Supporting Investment Policy And Governance Reforms In Iraq written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-06-11 with categories.
This publication reviews measures taken to support investment policy and governance reforms in Iraq.