Trade Liberalization Social Policy Development And Labour Market Outcomes Of Chinese Women And Men In The Decade After China S Accession To The World Trade Organization
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Trade Liberalization Social Policy Development And Labour Market Outcomes Of Chinese Women And Men In The Decade After China S Accession To The World Trade Organization
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Author : United Nations Women
language : en
Publisher: United Nations
Release Date : 2016-02-26
Trade Liberalization Social Policy Development And Labour Market Outcomes Of Chinese Women And Men In The Decade After China S Accession To The World Trade Organization written by United Nations Women and has been published by United Nations this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-26 with Political Science categories.
How trade liberalization affects women’s position in the labour market and what role public policy should play to make the process work better for women are among some of the most debated issues in academic communities and in policy-making arenas. This work sheds light on these contentious issues by analysing the trends in labour market outcomes of women and men in China in the decade after its accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO). The publication reviews the changes associated with China’s economic reforms and opening to international trade and investment since the process started in the late 1970s. Since the early 2000s, a wide range of policy measures have been introduced to strengthen labour market regulations, reduce inequality and increase social security. However, most of these policy initiatives were ‘gender neutral’, paying inadequate attention to the institutional constraints that disadvantaged women in the labour market.
China S Employment Challenges And Strategies After The Wto Accession
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Author : Douglas Zhihua Zeng
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2005
China S Employment Challenges And Strategies After The Wto Accession written by Douglas Zhihua Zeng and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Banks and Banking Reform categories.
"Although China has made impressive progress in economic development and improving social well-being, it is facing many daunting challenges while transforming toward a knowledge and service-based economy and further opening up to international competition after its WTO accession in the context of knowledge revolution. One of the biggest challenges is how to create 100--300 million new jobs in the coming decade to absorb the millions of laid-offs, rural emigrants, and newly added labor force. China has been successful in building high-technology parks and information and communications technology (ICT) industries, but they are limited in terms of employment generation, while most of the traditional labor-intensive industries are losing competitiveness due to low productivity. To combat the unprecedented employment challenge, China must implement a systemic and sustained strategy ... " -- Cover verso.
The Essential Guide To Critical Development Studies
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Author : Henry Veltmeyer
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-09-30
The Essential Guide To Critical Development Studies written by Henry Veltmeyer and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-30 with Political Science categories.
The Essential Guide to Critical Development Studies provides an up-to-date and authoritative introduction to the field, challenging mainstream development discourse and the assumptions that underlie it. Critical development studies lays bare the economic, political, social, and environmental crises that characterise the current global capitalist system, proposing instead systemic change and different pathways for moving beyond capitalism into a new world of genuine progress where economic and social justice and ecological integrity prevail. In this book, the authors challenge market-driven, neoliberal development agendas, incorporating analyses of class, gender, race, and the dynamics of uneven capitalist development. This thoroughly revised and expanded second edition includes: • 18 new chapters, including on topics such as philanthrocapitalism, race, the energy transition, Indigenous resistance and resilience, and global health • Expanded global coverage, including new chapters on South Africa, North Africa, and the Gulf Arab states • A new section on resistance and alternatives • Additional pedagogical features, including a glossary of key terms, discussion questions, and expanded guides for further reading. This textbook will be essential reading for students of global development, political science, sociology, economics, gender studies, geography, history, anthropology, agrarian studies, international political economy, and area studies. It will also be an important resource for development researchers, practitioners, and policymakers.
Trade Liberalization In China S Accession To The World Trade Organization
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Author : Elena Ianchovichina
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Trade Liberalization In China S Accession To The World Trade Organization written by Elena Ianchovichina and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
China's forthcoming access to the World Trade Organization involves reform in many sectors, both domestic and trade-related. The starting point for reform is a partially reformed economy with relatively high import duties, in which export sectors benefit from liberal duty exemptions on inputs. Both China and its major trading partners will gain from access - with China gaining most (perhaps half of the estimated $56 billion in annual welfare gains). Some developing countries will suffer small losses because of increased competition from China. The adjustments required are greatly reduced by China's dramatic liberalization in the 1990s.Before reform, China's trade was dominated by a few foreign trade corporations with monopolies on the trade of specific ranges of products. Planners could control imports through these corporations so there was little need for conventional instruments such as tariffs, quotas, and licenses. Trade reforms increased the range of enterprises eligible to trade in specific commodities and led to the development of indirect new trade instruments, such as duty exemptions. Duty exemptions almost completely liberalized the imports of intermediate inputs used to produce exports and investment goods used in join ventures with foreign enterprises.Comprehensive liberalization measures in China's World Trade Organization (WTO) accession package will help ease this problem as tariff reduction reduces the costs of domestic inputs to exporters. WTO commitments will also lead to the abolition of most nontariff barriers and of quotas on textiles and clothing.With accession, China's share of world exports may almost double between 1995 and 2005 - an estimate that is smaller than those found in studies that do not incorporate duty exemptions. (Duty exemptions were a form of partial liberalization, so any further reduction in protection will boost trade volume less than some estimate.) With reform, labor-intensive industries are expected to grow most, especially exports of apparel. Wages of unskilled workers should rise.This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to assess the implications of trade reform for developing countries.
China 2049
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Author : David Dollar
language : en
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Release Date : 2020-06-09
China 2049 written by David Dollar and has been published by Brookings Institution Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-09 with Political Science categories.
How will China reform its economy as it aspires to become the next economic superpower? It's clear that China is the world's next economic superpower. But what isn't so clear is how China will get there by the middle of this century. It now faces tremendous challenges such as fostering innovation, dealing with ageing problem and coping with a less accommodative global environment. In this book, economists from China's leading university and America's best-known think tank offer in depth analyses of these challenges. Does China have enough talent and right policy and institutional mix to transit from input-driven to innovation-driven economy? What does ageing mean, in terms of labor supply, consumption demand and social welfare expenditure? Can China contain the environmental and climate change risks? How should the financial system be transformed in order to continuously support economic growth and keep financial risks under control? What fiscal reforms are required in order to balance between economic efficiency and social harmony? What roles should the state-owned enterprises play in the future Chinese economy? In addition, how will technological competition between the United States and China affect each country's development? Will the Chinese yuan emerge as a major reserve currency, and would this destabilize the international financial system? What will be China's role in the international economic institutions? And will the United States and other established powers accept a growing role for China and the rest of the developing world in the governance of global institutions such as the World Trade Organization and the International Monetary Fund, or will the world devolve into competing blocs? This book provides unique insights into independent analyses and policy recommendations by a group of top Chinese and American scholars. Whether China succeeds or fails in economic reform will have a large impact, not just on China's development, but also on stability and prosperity for the whole world.
Women And Trade
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Author : World Bank;World Trade Organization
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2020-09-04
Women And Trade written by World Bank;World Trade Organization and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-04 with Business & Economics categories.
Trade can dramatically improve women’s lives, creating new jobs, enhancing consumer choices, and increasing women’s bargaining power in society. It can also lead to job losses and a concentration of work in low-skilled employment. Given the complexity and specificity of the relationship between trade and gender, it is essential to assess the potential impact of trade policy on both women and men and to develop appropriate, evidence-based policies to ensure that trade helps to enhance opportunities for all. Research on gender equality and trade has been constrained by limited data and a lack of understanding of the connections among the economic roles that women play as workers, consumers, and decision makers. Building on new analyses and new sex-disaggregated data, Women and Trade: The Role of Trade in Promoting Gender Equality aims to advance the understanding of the relationship between trade and gender equality and to identify a series of opportunities through which trade can improve the lives of women.
World Trade Report 2017
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Author : World Trade Organization
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017-10-12
World Trade Report 2017 written by World Trade Organization and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-12 with Political Science categories.
The World Trade Report 2017 discusses the effects of international trade and technological progress on labour market outcomes. It aims to provide an objective and balanced, research-based assessment of these effects in developed and developing countries and to inform readers about possible policy responses to adjustment problems and distributional effects, regardless of their sources. It is part of the response of the WTO to the current anti-trade rhetoric fuelled by concerns that trade may cause job losses and raise inequality.
Hong Kong In The Shadow Of China
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Author : Richard C. Bush
language : en
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Release Date : 2016-10-11
Hong Kong In The Shadow Of China written by Richard C. Bush and has been published by Brookings Institution Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-11 with Political Science categories.
A close-up look at the struggle for democracy in Hong Kong. Hong Kong in the Shadow of China is a reflection on the recent political turmoil in Hong Kong during which the Chinese government insisted on gradual movement toward electoral democracy and hundreds of thousands of protesters occupied major thoroughfares to push for full democracy now. Fueling this struggle is deep public resentment over growing inequality and how the political system—established by China and dominated by the local business community—reinforces the divide been those who have profited immensely and those who struggle for basics such as housing. Richard Bush, director of the Brookings Institution’s Center on East Asia Policy Studies, takes us inside the demonstrations and the demands of the demonstrators and then pulls back to critically explore what Hong Kong and China must do to ensure both economic competitiveness and good governance and the implications of Hong Kong developments for United States policy.
Making Globalization Work
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Author : Joseph E. Stiglitz
language : en
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
Release Date : 2007-09-17
Making Globalization Work written by Joseph E. Stiglitz and has been published by W. W. Norton & Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-09-17 with Political Science categories.
"A damning denunciation of things as they are, and a platform for how we can do better."—Andrew Leonard, Salon Building on the international bestseller Globalization and Its Discontents, Joseph E. Stiglitz offers here an agenda of inventive solutions to our most pressing economic, social, and environmental challenges, with each proposal guided by the fundamental insight that economic globalization continues to outpace both the political structures and the moral sensitivity required to ensure a just and sustainable world. As economic interdependence continues to gather the peoples of the world into a single community, it brings with it the need to think and act globally. This trenchant, intellectually powerful, and inspiring book is an invaluable step in that process.
Gender China And The World Trade Organization
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Author : Günseli Berik
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-09-13
Gender China And The World Trade Organization written by Günseli Berik and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-13 with Business & Economics categories.
China’s joining the World Trade Organization at the end of 2001 signifies a milestone in the country’s global integration after two decades of economic reforms that have fundamentally transformed the economic organization of China. This collection seeks to identify the gendered implications within China of the country’s transition from socialism to a market economy and its opening up to international trade and investment. The changes have created greater wealth for some, while at the same time, serious gender, class, ethnic, and regional disparities have also emerged. Drawing from historical, analytical, and policy-oriented work, the essays in this collection explore women’s well-being relative to men’s in rural and urban China by looking at land rights, labor-market status and labor rights, household decision-making, health, the representation of women in advertising and beauty pageants. This book was previously published as a special issue of the journal, Feminist Economics, the official journal of the International Association for Feminist Economics (IAFFE). All contributions have been subjected to the journal's rigorous peer review process and comply with the journal's editorial policies, as overseen by the editor, Diana Strassmann, and the journal's editorial team, including the associate editors, the editorial board, numerous volunteer reviewers, and the journal's in-house editorial staff and freelance style editors. The special issue and book have been made possible by the generous financial support of Rice University and the Ford Foundation-Beijing.